TED演講者：Bernhard Kowatsch / 伯恩哈德·科瓦茨

演講標(biāo)題：The mindset shift needed to tackle big global challenges / 創(chuàng)新和科技如何對抗全球饑餓問題

內(nèi)容概要：Social entrepreneur Bernhard Kowatsch shares real-life examples of how a business approach focused on accelerating tech (like a blockchain-supported way to bring food to refugees or a machine that fortifies flour at small mills in Africa) can help make an impact on big, seemingly intractable problems. "Innovation and technology can create so much good in the world, and together we can solve the world's biggest challenges," he says.

社會企業(yè)家伯恩哈德·科瓦茨（Bernhard Kowatsch）分享了一些實(shí)際的例子，展示了如何利用扶持科技的商業(yè)手段解決嚴(yán)重又看起來無法解決的問題，他分享了利用區(qū)塊鏈為難民提供食物的例子和非洲小工坊強(qiáng)化面粉的設(shè)備。他說：“創(chuàng)新和科技能為世界帶來這么多好處，我們可以攜手一起解決世界大難題?！?/p>

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【1】When you think about innovation and technology, you're most likely thinking about the latest app on your smartphone, or maybe you think about rockets going into space.

提到創(chuàng)新和科技, 你很有可能會想到 智能手機(jī)的新款應(yīng)用, 或者飛向太空的火箭。

【2】But what about some of the world's biggest challenges, like global hunger or climate change?

但是你會想到現(xiàn)在世界面臨的 那些最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn), 例如全球饑餓 或者氣候變化這樣的問題嗎？

【3】They can seem overwhelming or, you know, maybe you just think there should be a nonprofit organization that takes care of that.

這些問題聽起來可能很夸張, 也許你覺得, 會有非營利組織負(fù)責(zé)處理這些難題。

【4】But why is it that we think so traditionally about some of the world's biggest challenges?

但是,面對這些世界上最大的挑戰(zhàn), 為什么我們還想得這么傳統(tǒng)呢？

【5】I believe innovation and technology can help tackle some of the world's biggest challenges.

我相信,創(chuàng)新和科技 可以幫助解決一些世界難題。

【6】The barrier is our own thinking.

但是,我們會受到思維的局限。

【7】And there's something about this where big global challenges are no different than big global business challenges.

在這一點(diǎn)上,這些國際大難題 同國際上的商業(yè)性大挑戰(zhàn) 有一些共通之處。

【8】So let's change that.

讓我們一起做出改變。

【9】Let's talk about one of those topics, global hunger.

首先談?wù)勂渲械囊粋€(gè)議題, 全球饑餓問題。

【10】Hunger may seem like a remote problem for you, but the effects of it are pretty drastic.

饑餓對你來說 可能是個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的問題, 但是它帶來的后果非常嚴(yán)重。

【11】Hunger means you do not have enough calories on a daily basis to live a healthy life.

饑餓意味著, 一個(gè)人每日無法獲取足以 維持身體健康的卡路里攝入。

【12】And there is up to 811 million people on the planet who are hungry.

地球上有高達(dá) 8.11 億人口 處于這種饑餓狀態(tài)。

【13】So what can we do about it?

那么我們能做什么呢？

【14】I think innovation and technology is the answer.

我認(rèn)為,創(chuàng)新和科技就是答案。

【15】A couple of years ago, a friend and I realized that United Nations World Food Programme can feed a child for a full day for only 80 cents.

幾年以前, 我和朋友發(fā)現(xiàn) 聯(lián)合國世界糧食計(jì)劃署 僅用 80 美分就能向一個(gè)孩子 提供一整天的食物。

【16】We were shocked.

我們大受震撼。

【17】We thought, if more people knew about this, if we made it easy, imagine you were having dinner with your friends and you're enjoying yourselves, wouldn't you want to share your meal with a child in need?

如果有更多人了解這件事, 如果我們讓這件事變得可能, 想象一下,你和朋友 共進(jìn)晚餐,享受其中, 你難道不愿意和一個(gè)需要幫助的孩子 分享你的食物嗎？

【18】And that's exactly why we founded an app called Share the Meal.

這正是我們創(chuàng)立“分享餐食” （Share the Meal）應(yīng)用的原因。

【19】It's so simple.

就是這么簡單。

【20】With one tap on your smartphone, you can share your meal with a child in need for only 80 cents.

點(diǎn)點(diǎn)手機(jī)屏幕, 就可以向一個(gè)需要幫助的孩子 分享你的食物,只需 80 美分。

【21】And I'm excited to tell you it's working.

令人激動的是,這件事起作用了。

【22】Over 130 million meals have been shared so far by six million app users across the globe.

至今已有 600 萬 來自世界各地的用戶 分享了超過 1.3 億份餐食。

【23】And Share the Meal was even an app of the year in 2020 by both Apple and Google.

“分享餐食”應(yīng)用還被蘋果和谷歌 同時(shí)列為 2020 年年度應(yīng)用。

【24】When we started Share the Meal, we had to push really hard to make it a reality.

我們最初創(chuàng)立“分享餐食”的時(shí)候, 不得不使出渾身解數(shù)讓它成真。

【25】There just weren't so many support mechanisms out there to support social entrepreneurs, when you compare it, for instance, with the number of start-up accelerators for for-profit ventures.

相較來說,社會上沒有太多 針對社會企業(yè)的扶持機(jī)制, 你可以看看盈利性企業(yè)的 創(chuàng)業(yè)加速器數(shù)量。

【26】Coming from that inspiration, I got the opportunity to start the World Food Programme's Innovation Accelerator, exactly with the goal of replicating what Silicon Valley does well, but for global social impact.

受此啟發(fā), 我得到了一個(gè)發(fā)起 世界糧食計(jì)劃署創(chuàng)新加速器的機(jī)會, 復(fù)刻了硅谷做得非常成功的事情, 不過這是為了全球的社會性影響。

【27】It's a start-up accelerator that supports start-ups and nonprofit innovations globally and helps them scale to disrupt global hunger.

這是一個(gè)支持全球初創(chuàng)企業(yè)和 非盈利創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目的創(chuàng)業(yè)加速器, 幫助它們擴(kuò)張、 對抗全球饑餓問題。

【28】So let's look at two of those examples.

我們來看其中兩個(gè)例子。

【29】The first one is about blockchain.

第一個(gè)例子有關(guān)區(qū)塊鏈。

【30】Now, when you think about blockchain, you may think about Bitcoin or cryptocurrencies, but that's not how we think of it.

提到區(qū)塊鏈, 你可能會想到比特幣或者加密貨幣, 但是我們不是這么想的。

【31】We use blockchain technology so that refugees can go into stores and purchase food.

我們利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù) 幫助難民走進(jìn)商店, 購買食物。

【32】It's an innovation called Building Blocks.

這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新叫做 “構(gòu)成區(qū)塊” （Building Blocks）。

【33】And why blockchain?

為什么用區(qū)塊鏈呢？

【34】Blockchain helps because it's not my blockchain or your blockchain, it's the neutral blockchain network.

區(qū)塊鏈能大展身手, 因?yàn)閰^(qū)塊鏈不是我的, 也不是你的, 它是一種中立的區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

【35】And that way it makes collaboration among aid organizations much easier.

因此,它讓援助組織之間的協(xié)作 變得更容易。

【36】And how does it work?

它是如何運(yùn)行的呢？

【37】Every month, aid organizations transfer money to individual blockchain accounts, and then that individual can go into a store, shop for the groceries and at the checkout they pay with the iris scan or with another authentication method.

每個(gè)月,援助組織會將資金 轉(zhuǎn)入個(gè)人區(qū)塊鏈賬戶, 隨后這個(gè)人就能去商店 購買日常所需, 結(jié)賬時(shí)使用虹膜掃描 或者用其他驗(yàn)證方式支付即可。

【38】That innovation had first been submitted to us by a World Food Programme finance officer who participated in our innovation boot camp.

這個(gè)創(chuàng)新方案最初是由 世界糧食計(jì)劃署的 一名財(cái)務(wù)人員提交的, 他曾參加過我們的創(chuàng)新培訓(xùn)活動。

【39】He then developed a prototype and tested it only two months after starting, in Pakistan with about 100 people, and the next pilot was already with 10,000 refugees in Jordan.

參與僅兩個(gè)月后, 他搭建了一個(gè)原型, 并在巴基斯坦 做了約 100 人規(guī)模的測試。 下一個(gè)試點(diǎn)規(guī)模擴(kuò)張到了 約旦的一萬名難民。

【40】And that was so successful, that that solution scaled to over 100,000 people within seven months.

試點(diǎn)非常成功, 在短短七個(gè)月內(nèi), 這個(gè)解決方案的受益人數(shù) 就增長到超過 10 萬。

【41】And right now, Building Blocks is reaching about one million people, transferring over 300 million dollars of cash to people in urgent need of food.

現(xiàn)在,“構(gòu)成區(qū)塊” 已經(jīng)覆蓋了近 100 萬人, 向這些迫切需要食物的人 撥付了超過 3 億美金。

【42】And here's another example.

再舉個(gè)例子。

【43】Did you know that corn flakes and a lot of other cereals have added vitamins and minerals?

大家知道嗎？ 玉米片和很多其他麥片 添加了維生素和礦物質(zhì)。

【44】That's called food fortification, when you add critical nutrients to staple foods we eat every day.

這個(gè)過程叫做食品營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化, 我們在日常主要攝入的食物中 添加重要的營養(yǎng)素。

【45】That's particularly important when people do not have access to a healthy diet or maybe they cannot afford it.

對于那些無法獲取或買不起 健康食物的人來說,這尤為重要。

【46】This is where social business called Sanku comes in.

一個(gè)叫做 Sanku 的社會企業(yè) 抓住了這個(gè)機(jī)會。

【47】Sanku has developed an internet-enabled machine that fortifies maize flour at small mills in Africa.

他們研制了一種聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備, 能在非洲小工坊的玉米面生產(chǎn)中 實(shí)現(xiàn)食品營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化。

【48】Now they have a market-based model that helps provide fortified, nutritious flour to their clients of the small mills at no additional cost.

現(xiàn)在,他們有了一個(gè) 基于市場的模型,協(xié)助小工坊 無需額外成本地向客戶提供 營養(yǎng)豐富的強(qiáng)化面粉。

【49】Right now it's reaching up to three million people and scaling further.

如今,他們已經(jīng)覆蓋了 將近 300 萬人, 并持續(xù)擴(kuò)張中。

【50】So, does it work?

那么它真的有用嗎？

【51】Can accelerated innovation and technology help us tackle some of the world's biggest challenges?

這些加速創(chuàng)新和科技 可以幫助我們解決 一些國際大難題嗎？

【52】When we first started the World Food Programme Innovation Accelerator, it seemed like a crazy idea that innovation and technology can help us make a meaningful impact on global hunger.

我們剛創(chuàng)立世界糧食計(jì)劃署 創(chuàng)新加速器的時(shí)候, 創(chuàng)新和科技可以在 全球饑餓問題上做出巨大貢獻(xiàn), 這個(gè)想法聽起來就是無稽之談。

【53】But since starting in 2015, we've consistently doubled the number of people reached every year through the innovations that we've supported.

但是自 2015 年起, 通過我們扶持的創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目, 我們每年的 覆蓋人群都在翻倍。

【54】In 2021, we've positively impacted the lives of 8.6 million people already.

2021 年,我們已經(jīng)為 860 萬人的 生活帶來了改善。

【55】And now we even run accelerator programs for other global problems like primary health care, vaccine delivery or gender equality.

我們現(xiàn)在還會為其他全球性難題 提供加速器項(xiàng)目, 例如初級衛(wèi)生保健、 疫苗交付和性別平等。

【56】Imagine what the impact could be if you take action today as an individual, as a company, or maybe as a start-up founder.

想像一下,你作為個(gè)人、 作為公司, 或者作為初創(chuàng)企業(yè)創(chuàng)始人, 此時(shí)此刻行動起來, 會產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響。

【57】Innovation and technology can enable so much good in the world, and together we can solve the world's biggest challenges.

創(chuàng)新和科技能 為世界帶來這么多的好處, 我們可以攜手一起解決世界大難題。

【58】Thank you.

謝謝大家。