多鄰國世界語Tips and notes question 疑問篇(中英對照)

疑問篇
?u
As covered in Basics 2, ?u is used to introduce a question.
?u在基礎(chǔ)篇2中有提及過,它用于引入問題。
For example:
例如:
?u vi volas danci? = Do you want to dance?
你想跳舞嗎?(不想,滾)
?u vi amas ?in a? min? = Do you love her or me?
你愛我還是她~~~~
In the middle of a sentence, ?u means "whether".
?u如果放在句子的中間,那它的意思就是"是否"
For example:
例如:
?i demandas min, ?u mi volas danci.
She asks me whether I want to dance.
(or: She asks me if I want to dance.)
她問我是不是想跳舞
?i volas scii, ?u mi parolas Esperanton.
She wants to know whether I speak Esperanto.
(or: She wants to know if I speak Esperanto.)
她想知道我是否說世界語。
Note that in English we often use the word "if" interchangeably with "whether", as in the examples above, but in Esperanto this is not correct. We can never use the word "se" (if) in place of the word ?u.
注意:正如上面那些英語例句,在英語里面,if和whether通常都是能夠互換的,不過在世界語里就行不通了,我們不能用se(if,如果)來代替?u
correlatives ending in –u
以-u結(jié)尾的關(guān)聯(lián)詞(PMEG中稱之為詞表詞或表解詞)
The correlatives ending in -u (kiu, tiu, etc.) usually come before a noun.
以-u 結(jié)尾的關(guān)聯(lián)詞通常在一個名詞的前面
Notice how they take -j and -n endings just like adjectives. For example:
注意一下,它們加-j和-n的方法和形容詞的一樣:
Kiun libron vi legas?
Which book are you reading?
你在看哪本書?
Mi volas legi tiujn librojn.
I want to read those books.
我想看那些書
They appear without a noun only if the context makes what is being talked about clear. For example:
如果情景中已經(jīng)說明清楚,那么它們后面就不用跟名詞:
Jen kelkaj bonaj libroj. Kiun [libron] vi volas legi?
Here are some good books. Which [book] would you like to read?
這有一些好書,你要看哪本?
Without other information, assume that kiu and tiu (and any other correlative ending in-u) refer to a person. For example:
若是沒有任何信息,就假定kiu和tiu(還有其他以-u結(jié)尾的關(guān)聯(lián)詞)是在指代一個人。
Kiu venas? = Who is coming?
誰來了?

Kio estas tio? Tio estas libro.
What is that? That is a book.
那是什么?那是本書
Kiu estas via libro? Mia libro estas tiu.
Which is your book? My book is that one.
哪本書是你的?我的是那本
Kion vi volas? Mi volas tion.
What do you want? I want that.
你想要什么?我想要那個
Kiun vi volas? Mi volas tiun.
Which do you want? I want that one.
你想要哪一個?我要那一個
Kiujn vi volas? Mi volas tiujn.
Which ones do you want? I want those.
你想要哪些?我想要那些。
?i
?i expresses close proximity when used immediately before or after ti- words. For example:
?i放在ti-開頭的單詞的前面/后面的時候,表達(dá)的是接近,靠近的意思:

Note: Since ?i can go before or after ti- words, these are also valid: tie ?i, tiu ?i, tio ?i.
因?yàn)?i能夠放在ti-開頭的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的前面和后面,所以tie ?i, tiu ?i, tio ?i都是正確的。
Kien ? tien
Adding -n to kie or tie shows movement towards a place. For example:
kie或者tie加上-n詞尾,表示移動到一個地點(diǎn):
Kie vi estas? Mi estas ?i tie.
Where are you? I am here.
你在哪?我在這。
Kien vi iras? Mi iras tien.
To where are you going? I am going to there.
你去哪?我去那
Note that the "to" is usually dropped in English, so this would be translated as "Where are you going? I am going there."
在英語中"to"通常被忽略掉,所以上面的例句也能翻譯成"Where are you going? I am going there."
Due to this lack of distinction in English, many English speakers have trouble remembering to add -n to tie and kie when talking about movement towards a place.
正因?yàn)橛⒄Z的這種缺乏方向,導(dǎo)致很多英語母語者在用世界語表達(dá)移動到那個方向時會忘記給tie/kie加上詞尾-n。
kiam
Kiam means "when".
kiam意思為when(什么時候)
原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Questions
翻譯:vanilo
封面:害怕.PY交易版