Infinitive

不定式

The ending -i indicates the infinitive, for example ami (to love).

 不定式以-i結(jié)尾，例如ami（to love，愛(ài)）

This is the neutral form found in a dictionary.

這是字典里出現(xiàn)的原型形式。

It is often used to complement the verbs povas (can), volas(want), devas (must),and ?atas (like).

 它通常當(dāng)做動(dòng)詞的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)使用，例如povas（can，能），volas（want，想要），devas（must，必須）和?atas (like，喜歡)。

For example:

Mi volas danci. = I want to dance.（我想跳舞）

Mi ?atas man?i. = I like to eat. （我想吃東西）

?u vi povas fari tion? = Can you do that?（你能夠做那件事嗎）

NEK ... NEK ...

既不…也不

Nek means both "neither" and "nor" and follows English usage patterns.

 Nek意思是既不或者也不。其用法和英語(yǔ)的neithor…nor

It is a conjunction like kaj and a?.

 類似，這個(gè)連詞和kaj，a?相類似。

For example:

 例如

Nek la rozo nek la pomo estas flava.

Neither the rose nor the apple is yellow.

 玫瑰和蘋(píng)果都不是黃色的

Nek la rozon nek la pomon mi ?atas.

I like neither the rose nor the apple.

 那玫瑰和蘋(píng)果我都不喜歡

La rozo estas nek rozkolora nek bela.

The rose is neither pink nor pretty.

 那玫瑰既不是粉色也不漂亮

scii & koni (to know)

 scii和koni（to know）

Both scii and koni can be translated as "toknow."

 scii和koni都能夠翻譯成英文里的"to know "

While scii refers to intellectual knowledge, koni refers to knowing someone or something from experience.

 不過(guò)scii指的是知識(shí)，學(xué)識(shí)上的。而koni是指知道某個(gè)人（認(rèn)識(shí)）或者知道經(jīng)歷的某件事物

Scii

Use scii when you know a specific fact :

 Scii用在當(dāng)你知道一個(gè)特別的事實(shí)

Mi scias la respondon.

I know the answer.

 我曉得答案

?u vi scias lian adreson?

Do you know his address?

 儂曉得他的地址不？

Sentences that begin " I know that ..." will always be translated as " Mi scias, ke ..." as they are describing knowledge of a fact.

 以" I know that ..."開(kāi)頭的句子通常翻譯成" Mi scias, ke ..."，因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)诿枋鲆粋€(gè)事實(shí)的知識(shí)

For example:

Mi scias, ke Francio estas en E?ropo.

I know that France is in Europe.

 我曉得法國(guó)在歐洲

Mi scias, ke li ?atas trinki kafon.

I know that he likes to drink coffee.

 我知道他喜歡喝咖啡

Koni

Typically, koni will be used to know a person or an animal.

 通常，koni用在知道某個(gè)人（其實(shí)我覺(jué)得這里是認(rèn)識(shí)會(huì)比較容易理解）或某種動(dòng)物

For example:

?u vi konas mian patron?

Do you know my father?

儂曉得我爸吧？

?i bone konas mian hundon.

She knows my dog well.

她很了解我的狗

It can also be used to refer to a place or thing that one knows well from experience:

Koni也能夠用來(lái)指代某個(gè)人很了解的地點(diǎn)或者事物

Mi konas Francion tre bone.

I know France very well. (Because I visited there often.)

我很了解法國(guó)（因?yàn)槲医?jīng)常去）

Mi konas tiun libron

I know that book. (Because I already read it.)

我很了解那本書(shū)（的內(nèi)容）（因?yàn)槲铱催^(guò)了）

Note: You will never use konas,ke because konas cannot be used to refer to knowing a fact.

注意：你不能用konas,ke這一組合，因?yàn)閗onas不能用來(lái)指代所知道的事實(shí)

So you can say: Mi scias, ke Esperanto estas internacia lingvo. (I know that Esperanto is an international language.) But you cannot say: Mi konas, ke Esperanto estas internacia lingvo.

 所以你能說(shuō)Mi scias, ke Esperanto estas internacia lingvo. （我知道世界語(yǔ)是一門國(guó)際語(yǔ)）而不能說(shuō)Mi konas, ke Esperanto estas internacia lingvo.

Here is an example of scii and koni in the same sentence:

 下面是同時(shí)使用scii和koni的情況

Mi scias, ke vi konas ?in.

I know that you know her.

我知道你認(rèn)識(shí)她

原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Infinitive

翻譯:vanilo

封面:可以，這很勤勉