正文翻譯

I always knew the USA mostly did this and until a few years ago I thought Europeans never did that, I grew up in Belgium and I know no one, literally no one who has taken the name of their husband. But then I moved to Switzerland and noticed women do take their husbands‘ last names. My boyfriend (who is from Slovakia) told me the women there also take their husbands‘ names. How is it in your country? (Generally speaking)

我一直都知道大部分美國(guó)人都會(huì)這么做，直到若干年前我還以為歐洲人從來(lái)不會(huì)搞這一套，我在比利時(shí)長(zhǎng)大，就沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)有誰(shuí)冠過(guò)夫姓，真的是一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。但之后我搬去了瑞士，然后就注意到那里的女人會(huì)冠夫姓。我男朋友（他是斯洛伐克人）告訴我說(shuō)，他們國(guó)家的女人也會(huì)冠夫姓。各位，你們的國(guó)家情況如何？

評(píng)論翻譯

2、I looked up the numbers because I was curious:
75% of married couples take the husband's name
6% take the wife's name
in 12% of cases each keeps their own
8% combine them to a double name

（德）我出于好奇去查了一下（德國(guó)的）數(shù)據(jù)：
已婚夫婦中有75%會(huì)冠夫姓
6%會(huì)冠妻姓
12%則會(huì)各自保留各自的姓氏
8%會(huì)取兩者組成雙姓

First of all in Hungary your surname comes first () and your given name comes second (Ferenc, Ilona).

首先，在匈牙利，你的姓是居前（Kiss，Varga）的，而名居后（Ferenc, Ilona）。

The wife can take their spouse’s full name + né. Né means someone’s wife. So Varga Ilona becomes Kiss Ferencné. This is very old fashioned but it was popular in my grandparents generation. It’s fading out.

妻子可以采用配偶的全名，后面再綴上né。Né的意思是“某某某的妻子”。所以Varga Ilona就變成了Kiss Ferencné。這種屬于非常老派的做法，但在我爺爺奶奶那一代人中是非常流行的，正在退出歷史舞臺(tái)。

The wife can hyphenate her name. So in this case she becomes Kiss-Varga Ilona. This is pretty popular nowadays.

妻子可以在姓名前加上連字符。所以在這種情況下她就成了Kiss-Varga Ilona?，F(xiàn)如今相當(dāng)流行的就是這種做法。

The wife can take the husband’s surname. So she’ll be Kiss Ilona. This is gaining popularity.

妻子可以冠夫姓。所以她就成了Kiss Ilona。如今這種做法也挺受歡迎。

Or lastly she doesn’t change her name at all. This is pretty rare but not unheard of.

最新的發(fā)展是，妻子完全不改動(dòng)自己的名字。這就相當(dāng)罕見(jiàn)了，但也不是沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)。
（回復(fù)1）Or lastly she doesn’t change her name at all. This is pretty rare but not unheard of.

This is most common among celebrities since their name is also their brand.
Also among people with doctorates. I'm not sure how to law works with this but I've heard from multiple women friends who have dr. or Dr. before their names that they would lose it if they were to modify their family names.

完全不改動(dòng)名字在社會(huì)名流中最為普遍，因?yàn)樗齻兊拿忠彩撬齻兊钠放啤?br>而有博士頭銜的人群也會(huì)這樣操作。我不太確定法律對(duì)此是怎么規(guī)定的，但我從好幾個(gè)在名字前加上dr.或Dr.前綴的女性朋友那兒聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，她們要是想改動(dòng)姓氏，就會(huì)失去這個(gè)博士頭銜。

5、Some women take their husband's name, others don't, and some hyphenate. Some men take their wife's name. Some couples take/create a new name or dig one up from someone's family history. Some couples use both of their last names and hyphenate. So basically anything you can think of as long as you stick to two last names at most.

（瑞典）有些女人會(huì)冠夫姓，另一些則不會(huì)，還有一些會(huì)加上連字符。有些男人會(huì)冠妻姓。有些夫婦會(huì)取用或創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新名字，或是從家族史中挖一個(gè)出來(lái)。有些夫婦會(huì)兩個(gè)姓氏都取用然后加上連字符。所以基本上你能想到的都是可以的，只要堅(jiān)守不超過(guò)兩個(gè)姓的規(guī)則即可。

Cultural reason? It used to be tradition to take the husband's name as your new family name, but when this was deemed sexist (which it is), things started changing and now everything concerning this is completely voluntary.

你問(wèn)文化上的原因？在過(guò)去冠夫姓是一種傳統(tǒng)，但是當(dāng)這種做法被視為性別歧視（這確實(shí)是性別歧視）后，情況就開(kāi)始變化了，現(xiàn)在，一切牽涉這個(gè)問(wèn)題的種種做法，完全都是自愿的。
（回復(fù)1）This also goes for Denmark.
這些也適用于丹麥。

6、Since 1983 women keep their maiden last names when getting married.

（希臘）自1983年起，女人在結(jié)婚時(shí)會(huì)保留她們娘家的姓。

Which I find extremely pratical cause e.g. imagine trying to find an old school friend you lost track of via social media while she got married and changed her last name to something you don't know

我覺(jué)得這樣操作是極為實(shí)用的，因?yàn)?，比如說(shuō)，想通過(guò)社交媒體設(shè)法找到一個(gè)已經(jīng)失散的老同學(xué)，而她卻嫁人了并改成了某個(gè)你并不知曉的姓氏。

7、In Poland the traditional way was always to take the husband's name, more modern approach is what my wife did, i.e. add the husband's name to your own to create a double name. It's also legal for the husband to take on his wife's name, have both partners join their names or take on a completely new name for both of them - but those options are hardly ever used. I tried to convice my wife that we should both take the Skywalker name, but somehow that idea got rejected :/

（波蘭）在波蘭，傳統(tǒng)的做法一直都是冠夫姓，更現(xiàn)代一些的則是我妻子的做法，也就是把丈夫的姓加進(jìn)你自己的姓，以形成一個(gè)雙姓的名字。丈夫冠妻姓、夫妻把各自的姓合起來(lái)或是取一個(gè)全新的姓也都是合法的，但幾乎沒(méi)人會(huì)選擇這些選項(xiàng)。我曾試著說(shuō)服我妻子我們都應(yīng)該給自己起個(gè)Skywalker（天行者）的姓，但不知怎么的沒(méi)了下文。

8、You can keep your name, you can take the spouse's name (regardless of gender), you can hyphenate, you can compromise by taking the spouse's name but not adding the -ova suffix if you're a woman.

（捷）你可以保留你的姓，你可以采用配偶的姓（不考慮性別），你可以加連字符，如果你是女人，那你可以用折中的辦法，也就是冠上你配偶的姓，但不加-ova這個(gè)后綴。

Mostly, the woman takes the man's name and -ova's it. I guess so that there's no haggling over the names of the kids if they plan to have them?

大部分情況下，女人會(huì)冠夫姓并加上-ova的后綴。我猜這樣的話，在確定他們孩子跟誰(shuí)姓時(shí)就不會(huì)爭(zhēng)論不休了吧？如果他們計(jì)劃要個(gè)孩子的話。

Fun fact, in Portugal you can legally have up to 4 surnames IIRC. Technically, both parents can pass both of their surnames to their children. I've never heard of anyone who's done it, though. Most people have one or two given names + two surnames. And then there's the random person who has their husband's/wife's surname added at the end.

有趣的事實(shí)是，如果我沒(méi)記錯(cuò)的話，在葡萄牙你可以合法擁有多達(dá)四個(gè)姓。從技術(shù)上講，父母雙方都可以把自己的兩個(gè)姓全部傳給他們的孩子。但我從來(lái)沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)有誰(shuí)這么干過(guò)。大多數(shù)人有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)名，以及兩個(gè)姓。還有些人會(huì)把他們丈夫或妻子的姓加在最后。

13、Usually yes, it's a tradition stemming from the traditional family with the husband as the head of the family, and the majority of women still do this. But it is becoming more common not to change the surname. And sometimes a husband takes the wife's surname if he doesn't like his own surname or for some other reason, but it's pretty rare. From the legal standpoint, when you marry, you can either leave your surnames as is, choose one of the two surnames, or create a double surname separated by a hyphen (unless one of the two surnames is already double).

（俄）通常情況下會(huì)的，這是源于傳統(tǒng)家庭的一種傳統(tǒng)，即丈夫是一家之主，大部分女人仍然會(huì)冠夫姓。但不改姓的情況正變得越來(lái)越普遍。而有些時(shí)候，丈夫如果不喜歡自己的姓或是出于其他原因，也會(huì)采用妻子的姓，但這非常罕見(jiàn)。站在法律的立場(chǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，結(jié)婚時(shí)你可以不改姓，可以選擇兩個(gè)姓中的一個(gè)，也可以創(chuàng)造一個(gè)用連字符隔開(kāi)的雙姓（除非兩個(gè)姓中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)是雙姓了）。