Was the Song dynasty on the verge of industrializing before it was conquered by the Mongols?

在被蒙古人征服之前，宋朝已經(jīng)處于工業(yè)化的邊緣了嗎？（上）

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Robin Daverman, world traveler
Updated Nov 8, 2015
The Song Dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) was on the verge of building a modern nation before it was conquered by the Mongols.
Politically the Emperor had become a figurehead. The Cabinet told the emperor that "the world belongs to our nation, to our ancestors, to the government, the people, the military. It does not belong to you." And the emperor had to say, "I would not dare to disagree with you." The Song dynasty had implemented universal education, public clinics, welfare, retirement homes, and burial rites for the poor. Private investors had formed investment clubs to sponsor overseas trades of things like paper, silk, porcelain, etc., things that only the Song had and nobody else had. The Song traders went all the way to southern Europe.

宋朝（公元960-1279年）在被蒙古人征服之前即將邁入現(xiàn)代國家。
政治上，皇帝變成一個名義領(lǐng)袖。內(nèi)閣對皇帝說“世界屬于我們國家，屬于我們祖先，屬于政府，屬于人民，屬于軍隊，而不屬于你?！被实壅f“我不敢反駁你們的看法?！彼纬呀?jīng)為窮人提供了全民教育，公共診所，福利，退休房屋和葬禮。私人投資者已經(jīng)形成投資俱樂部支持海外貿(mào)易，包括紙張，絲綢，瓷器等等這些只有宋朝才擁有的東西。宋朝的貿(mào)易者一路來到了南歐。

Keian Rao Eng Haau
Nov 5, 2015 ? 20 upvotes including Robin Daverman
I'm literally going "Holy crap" at that coordinate map. It looks like something that came out of 1940. (Other than the inaccuracy of the coastline)

哇，那張地圖真的太牛了?？雌饋硐?940年制作的。就是海岸線有點不準(zhǔn)確。

Robin Daverman
Nov 5, 2015 ? 29 upvotes including Keian Rao Eng Haau
They realized that the coast line was inaccurate, and they couldn't figure out why. It was because the earth was round. Give it some more time, and they would have figured that out!

他們自己也意識到了海岸線不準(zhǔn)確，但是他們無法明白其中緣由。因為地球是圓的。如果再給他們一些時間，他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)真相的！

Paul Denlinger, US_2016 = Germany_1933
Answered Nov 5, 2015
It depends on your definition of industrialization.
What made the Industrial Revolution possible in England in the first half of the 19th century was the steam engine and coal as an energy source. Song China did not have these.

這要看你怎么定義工業(yè)化了。英國在19世紀(jì)上半葉成功實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化是因為蒸汽引擎的出現(xiàn)和煤炭。而宋朝中國沒有這些。

If you consider the definition of industrialization more broadly than that for the Industrial Revolution in the west, then Song China was far ahead in many areas, not only of the west, but the rest of the world.

如果你對工業(yè)化的定義大過西方的工業(yè)革命定義，那么宋朝在很多領(lǐng)域都遙遙領(lǐng)先，不僅領(lǐng)先西方，而是領(lǐng)先全世界。

Joseph Boyle
Nov 5, 2015 ? 3 upvotes
I'd say mechanizing life and economy by harnessing energy sources other than human and animal power.

我認(rèn)為工業(yè)化的定義是：通過使用能源資源而不是通過使用人力和動物力來驅(qū)動生活和經(jīng)濟。

Siddharth Pathak?
Nov 5, 2015
Is there any place I can read more about the advertising business in the Song period?

我在哪里可以看到更多有關(guān)宋朝時期廣告業(yè)務(wù)的內(nèi)容啊？

Paul Denlinger
Nov 5, 2015 ? 5 upvotes
There is not much documentation, but the Song poet Su Dongpo worked as an advertising copywriter.?
There are also printed ads from the Song dynasty which have survived to modern times.
Here is some information: China's Age of Invention

文件記錄很少，但是宋朝詩人蘇東坡?lián)芜^廣告文案。還有一些宋朝時期的印刷廣告也留存到了今天。