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外刊逐句精讀|《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》:誰能拿捏蘋果和谷歌的應(yīng)用商店?|CATTI一級譯員外

2022-04-11 22:39 作者:imsebastianevans  | 我要投稿

紅色:主句主干部分 ?藍(lán)色:從句主干部分? 黃色:從句連詞、關(guān)系代詞??灰色:插入語、例句 ?綠色:長難句分析 ():修飾成分,包括定語、狀語等 下劃線:詞匯詞組??高亮:連詞


思考題


有哪些主題表達(dá)和實(shí)用表達(dá)?


?
00:31
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標(biāo)題和導(dǎo)語

Store wars


Legislation and litigation threaten apple and Google’s profits

立法和訴訟威脅蘋果和谷歌的利潤

Regulators are coming for the app stores

監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)就要找上應(yīng)用商店了


  • litigation n. 打官司,訴訟 =proceedings

litigate v. 提起訴訟,打官司

  • regulator n. 監(jiān)管人員、機(jī)構(gòu)
  • come for sb./sth. 上門找某人/某物
  • app store 應(yīng)用商店


?
02:54
?

第一段


What does it take to rein in two of the biggest companies on the planet?

控制地球上最大的兩家公司需要什么?


  • it takes sth. to do sth. 做某事需要某事
  • rein in sth. 加強(qiáng)對某物的控制

rein n. 韁繩


A coalition of Swedish music-streamers, South Korean politicians and Dutch dating apps, apparently.

似乎是瑞典音樂流媒體、韓國政客和荷蘭的約會軟件組成的聯(lián)盟。


  • coalition n. 聯(lián)合政府,聯(lián)盟

a coalition of sth. XX的聯(lián)合體

  • music-streamer n. 音樂流媒體公司
  • dating app 約會軟件

dating n. 約會

  • apparently ad. 看起來,似乎 = seemingly

apparent a. 貌似的,表面上的


They seem to be succeeding where America’s federal government has failed: to force changes to the way apple and Google run their app stores.

他們似乎在美國聯(lián)邦政府失敗的地方取得了成功:強(qiáng)制改變蘋果和谷歌運(yùn)行它們應(yīng)用商店的方式。


where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句做句子的狀語,使用了succeed和fail的固定搭配succeed in sth. 和fail in sth.,where=in which。冒號后的部分做解釋說明,apple and Google run their app stores是省略了in which的定語從句,修飾the way。(一般情況下in which引導(dǎo)定語從句時不能省略,但先行詞是the way時可以省略)


  • federal government 聯(lián)邦政府
  • force v. 使....發(fā)生,使....改變

force sb. to do sth.

force+n. 迫使某件事情發(fā)生

the unfortunate events that forced his resignation

迫使他辭職的不幸事件

to force a turnover (體育賽事)造成失誤

  • change to sth. 某事的改變

important changes to the tax system 稅收制度的重大變革


段落大意:


引子:

三大群體聯(lián)手可能改變蘋果和谷歌應(yīng)用商店的規(guī)則。


?
09:49
?

第二段


The app stores are big businesses, with combined sales last year of $133bn, three times the total five years earlier.

蘋果和谷歌的應(yīng)用商店是大買賣,去年的總銷售額為 1330 億美元,是五年前總銷售額的三倍。


  • big business n. 大生意,大買賣

(business一般是不可數(shù)名詞,文章此處可能是作者的偏好)

Britain's railways are big business.

英國的鐵路業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模巨大。

  • combined a. 總計(jì)的,合計(jì)的


apple and Google take a cut (of up to 30%), which is thought (to contribute a fifth of the operating profits (at apple and Alphabet), Google’s parent company.

蘋果和谷歌的抽成高達(dá)30%,據(jù)信這貢獻(xiàn)了蘋果和谷歌母公司 Alphabet 營業(yè)利潤的五分之一。


which引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾30%。


  • cut n. (錢的)份額 = commission n. 傭金
  • up to sth. 最高可達(dá)(某數(shù)字)
  • operating profit n. 主營業(yè)務(wù)利潤
  • parent company 母公司

subsidiary n. 子公司


The 30% levy began (in apple’s iTunes music store) and was copied (to its iPhone app store), (launched in 2008).

這30% 的“稅費(fèi)”始于蘋果的iTunes音樂商店,并被復(fù)制到 2008 年上線的iPhone應(yīng)用商店。


  • levy n. 稅款,稅額
  • iTunes music store 蘋果音樂商店


As people came to use their phones (for gaming, streaming and much else), it evolved into a tax (on digital activity).

隨著人們開始將手機(jī)用于游戲、流媒體和其他許多方面,它演變成對數(shù)字活動的征稅。


  • gaming n. 玩電腦游戲

fishing n. 釣魚

  • streaming 用流媒體服務(wù)
  • digital activity 線上活動


Sign up to a service (like Disney+) (on your phone) and apple or Google get a cut (of your subscription) (for ever).

在你的手機(jī)上注冊 Disney+ 之類的服務(wù),apple 或 Google 將永遠(yuǎn)從你的訂閱中分一杯羹。


  • sign up 注冊

sign up to a service 注冊某項(xiàng)服務(wù)

sign in 登錄=log in

  • subscription n. 訂閱,訂購
  • for ever = forever


apps have had to use the tech duo’s payment systems, and could not tell users about other ways to sign up.

應(yīng)用程序不得不使用這對技術(shù)搭檔的支付系統(tǒng),并且不能告訴用戶其他注冊方式。


  • duo n. 一對搭檔
  • monopoly n. 壟斷

duopoly n. 兩強(qiáng)壟斷


Gripes (from app developers) have forced only minor concessions: (last year) apple said it would let them link to external payment pages and Google reduced its fees (for subscriptions).

來自應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)者的抱怨只迫使他們做出了很小的讓步:去年蘋果公司表示將允許他們鏈接到外部支付頁面,谷歌則降低了訂閱費(fèi)用。


  • gripe n. 牢騷,抱怨 = complaint
  • developer n. 開發(fā)商

property developer 地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商

  • concession n. 讓步

adverb of concession 讓步狀語

concede vt. 讓步


Now, though, the dam is bursting.

然而,現(xiàn)在,大壩就要決堤了。


  • burst v. (大壩)潰決,決堤


段落大意:


應(yīng)用商店業(yè)務(wù)梳理:

1、是蘋果和谷歌的核心創(chuàng)收業(yè)務(wù);

2、大量抽成導(dǎo)致軟件開發(fā)商怨聲載道,形勢正在發(fā)生變化。


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20:43
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第三段


(Last summer) South Korea banned app stores from forcing developers to use a particular payment system.

去年夏天,韓國禁止應(yīng)用商店強(qiáng)迫開發(fā)者使用特定的支付系統(tǒng)。


(In December) Dutch regulators made a similar ruling (against apple), (after a complaint (by developers (of dating apps).

去年 12 月,在約會軟件的開發(fā)商提出控訴后,荷蘭監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)對蘋果做出了類似的裁決。


  • ruling n. 裁決

a ruling against/in favor of sb. 不利于/有利于某人的裁決


(On March 23rd) the trend went global. Google announced a deal with Spotify, a vocal critic of app-store fees, to let the music-streamer handle its own billing.

3 月 23 日,這一趨勢在全球蔓延。 谷歌宣布與 Spotify 達(dá)成協(xié)議,后者是應(yīng)用商店收費(fèi)的直言不諱的批評者,協(xié)議內(nèi)容是讓音樂流媒體自己處理自己的賬單。


  • vocal a. 直言不諱的

voice n. 聲音

advocate n. 擁護(hù)者

  • critic n. 批評者

criticism n. 批評

  • app-store fees
  • billing n. 開具賬單


Google will lower its commission rate, probably in line with the four-percentage-point cut (agreed in South Korea). It says more deals are on the way.

谷歌將降低其傭金費(fèi)率,這可能與韓國商定的 4 個百分點(diǎn)的削減一致。 谷歌表示更多的協(xié)議即將到來。


  • commission rate 傭金費(fèi)率
  • be in line with 與某物一致
  • sth. be on the way 某事即將發(fā)生

Changes are on the way. 即將發(fā)生變化

sth. be under way 某事已在進(jìn)行中


段落大意:


1、各國限制應(yīng)用商店的動向;

2、科技巨頭的應(yīng)對措施。


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26:38
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第四段


Google’s magnanimity anticipates laws that may require bigger concessions.

谷歌的“寬宏大量”先于可能需要更大讓步的法律。


  • magnanimity n. 寬宏大量

magnanimous a. 寬宏大量的

magni- 大

magnificent 宏偉的,壯觀的

magnitude n. 巨大,重要性

anticipate vt. 先于....做、行動

When Scott reached the South Pole he found that Amundsen had?anticipated?him.

斯科特到達(dá)南極點(diǎn)時發(fā)現(xiàn)阿蒙森已先到過那里。


A bill (before America’s Congress) would force app stores to allow payment alternatives and let apps advertise other ways to sign up.

美國國會面前的一項(xiàng)法案將迫使應(yīng)用商店允許其他支付方式,并允許應(yīng)用宣傳其他注冊方式。


  • before prep. 當(dāng)面
  • alternative n. 另一種選擇


A bigger threat comes from the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), (approved in draft form) (on March 24th).

更大的威脅來自于 3 月 24 日以草案形式審批通過的歐盟數(shù)字市場法案 (DMA)。


  • Digital Markets Act 數(shù)字市場法案
  • draft n. 草案

The legislation is still in draft form.

這條法規(guī)還只是項(xiàng)草案。


The colossal bill covers various aspects of digital markets, including app stores.

這個龐大的法案涵蓋了數(shù)字市場的各個方面,包括應(yīng)用商店。


  • colossal a. 巨大的、龐大的
  • bill n. 議案,法案

區(qū)分bill和act這兩個法律詞匯:兩者都是立法過程中的不同階段,區(qū)別在于bill一般是提交立法機(jī)構(gòu)(比如西方國家的議會)予以討論的提案;而act一般是立法機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)通過的法律。顯然,bill是act的前一個階段。


The DMA, which is on track to come into force (next year), would force mobile platforms to allow third-party app stores andsideloading” of apps (directly from the web)—something Google permits but apple does not.

DMA預(yù)計(jì)將于明年生效,它將強(qiáng)制移動平臺允許第三方應(yīng)用商店和直接從網(wǎng)上“側(cè)載”應(yīng)用程序——這是谷歌接受但蘋果不允許的。


which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾DMA,Google permits but apple does not是省略了連詞的定語從句,修飾something。


  • be on track 可能會做到某事

be on track to do sth.

  • come/enter into force (法律、規(guī)則)開始生效
  • third-party a. 第三方的
  • sideloading n. 側(cè)載,旁加載

upload/download 上傳/下載


Offenders face fines (of up to 20%) (of worldwide revenue) and bans (on acquisitions).

違法者將面臨最高達(dá)全球收入 20%的罰款和收購禁令。


  • offender n. 違法者,犯罪者
  • acquisition n. 收購

merge&acquisition (M&A)并購



Breaking open walled gardens, the DMA’s proponents say, will strengthen competition.

DMA 的支持者說,打破圍墻花園將加強(qiáng)競爭。


  • breaking open 撬開,砸開

The police broke open the door.

警察砸開了門。

  • walled a. 帶圍墻的

walled garden 圍墻花園

  • proponent n. 倡導(dǎo)者 = advocate

opponent n. 反對者


段落大意:


話鋒一轉(zhuǎn),介紹立法方面的變化:

1、美國國會可能強(qiáng)迫應(yīng)用商店開放支付渠道;

2、歐盟出臺反壟斷的DMA。


?
39:50
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第五段


apple’s boss, Tim Cook, has warned that sideloading would “destroy the security of the iPhone”.

蘋果公司的老板蒂姆庫克警告說,側(cè)載將“破壞 iPhone 的安全性”。


That is a bit much: apple allows sideloading (on its desktop computers) (without calamity).

這就有些言過其實(shí)了:蘋果允許在其臺式電腦上進(jìn)行側(cè)載而不會發(fā)生災(zāi)難。


  • be a bit much (行為)有點(diǎn)過分
  • desktop computer n. 臺式電腦

laptop n. 筆記本電腦

  • calamity n. 災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍

calamitous a. 災(zāi)難性的


But apple’s much bigger share (of the mobile market) could make the iPhone a juicier target (for malware).

但蘋果在移動手機(jī)市場的(比起電腦市場)大得多的份額可能使 iPhone成為惡意軟件的誘人目標(biāo)。


  • juicier a. 有吸引力的,誘人的
  • malware 惡意軟件 = malicious software

mal- 壞的

malcontent n. 不滿的人

malnutrition n. 營養(yǎng)不良

-ware 用品

hardware 硬件

vapourware 霧件


And the company trades heavily (on privacy and security).

該公司一直以來在隱私和安全方面做了大量文章。


  • trade on sth. (貶)利用某物


Despite what the authors of the DMA seem to believe, writes Benedict Evans, a tech analyst, you cannot “pass laws against trade-offs”.

技術(shù)分析師本尼迪克特埃文斯寫道,盡管 DMA 的發(fā)起人似乎這樣相信,但你不能“違背權(quán)衡原則通過法律”。


  • author n. (計(jì)劃、主張)發(fā)起人
  • trade-offs n. 權(quán)衡,協(xié)調(diào)

There is a trade-off between the benefits of the drug and the risk of side effects.

在這種藥的療效和副作用之間有個權(quán)衡利弊的問題。


段落大意:


作結(jié):

歐盟需要權(quán)衡DMA在促進(jìn)競爭和保護(hù)隱私兩方面的影響。


?
46:48
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文章結(jié)構(gòu)



?
48:13
?

思考題



表達(dá)整理:


科技:

app store, dating app, gaming, streaming, music-streamer, digital activity, sign up, sign in, log in, app developer, sideloading, privacy and security, malware


商業(yè):

big business, operating profit, levy, app-store fees, cut, commission (rate), subscription, payment system, acquisition


法律:

legislation, litigation, ruling (in favour of/against), Digital Markets Act (DMA), act, bill, in draft form


實(shí)用表達(dá):

come for sb./sth., rein in, a coalition of, on track to do sth, come/enter into force


外刊逐句精讀|《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》:誰能拿捏蘋果和谷歌的應(yīng)用商店?|CATTI一級譯員外的評論 (共 條)

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