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過去半個(gè)多世紀(jì)，加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校（簡稱UCLA）的心理學(xué)系坐落于由三座建筑組成的Franz Hall建筑群中。其中最高的建筑由美國建筑師學(xué)會(huì)理事、知名建筑師Paul R. Williams設(shè)計(jì)并于1967年建成，該建筑近來被稱為“心理學(xué)之塔”，面積達(dá)125000平方英尺（約11613平方米）。建筑高11層，包含3層地下和8層地上空間。建筑比例完美，為接近100英尺（約30.5米）見方的立方體。嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)而理性的設(shè)計(jì)以混凝土網(wǎng)格結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)在四個(gè)立面中，并以不規(guī)則設(shè)置的窗戶或無窗設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)一步定義出空間內(nèi)部功能，契合心理學(xué)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室對(duì)內(nèi)部環(huán)境的控制需求。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

建筑結(jié)構(gòu)在抗震方面被發(fā)現(xiàn)有所不足，心理學(xué)項(xiàng)目的需求也在不斷增長，這些促使了UCLA對(duì)這座歷史建筑啟動(dòng)了現(xiàn)代化改造。CO Architects受邀進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，該事務(wù)所在學(xué)校建筑的翻新和基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)目方面的實(shí)踐，可回溯到20世紀(jì)80年代中期，其中包括對(duì)Royce Hall (由Allison and Allison創(chuàng)作, 建于1929)和Botany Building (由Williams設(shè)計(jì)，建于1959)的歷史建筑翻新和抗震升級(jí)。安東尼和珍妮普利茲克家族基金會(huì)（The Anthony & Jeanne Pritzker Family Foundation）為更新改造項(xiàng)目投入3000萬美金，建筑隨后更名為普利茲克廳。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

建筑設(shè)計(jì)致力于保留原始設(shè)計(jì)語言，同時(shí)為建筑融入現(xiàn)代化。原建筑由知名建筑師Paul Revere Williams于1967年打造。鑒于項(xiàng)目具備入選美國歷史名勝名錄的資質(zhì)（目前尚未列入），該項(xiàng)目被視為一項(xiàng)歷史性的更新工程。迫切需要改良的抗震性能，與心理學(xué)系新的學(xué)術(shù)需求共同推動(dòng)了該項(xiàng)目。這些因素也為位列美國第三（依據(jù)美國新聞與世界報(bào)道）的心理學(xué)院校提供了一個(gè)展示全新形象的機(jī)會(huì)。在這座11層的建筑中，125000平方英尺（約11613平方米）的面積涵蓋了新教室、協(xié)作空間、干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)研究空間、便利設(shè)施、辦公室和雙層中庭。這些設(shè)施與提升措施為建筑帶來了更多的自然采光、修復(fù)或細(xì)致更換的部分材料，景觀也得到了升級(jí)。項(xiàng)目以LEED銀級(jí)為初始目標(biāo)，最終達(dá)到了鉑金級(jí)認(rèn)證。更新后的普利茲克大廳保留了威廉姆斯的標(biāo)志性設(shè)計(jì)和細(xì)節(jié)，打造了現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，確保了地震安全性能，并提升了學(xué)校作為歷史建筑的管理者的聲譽(yù)。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

塔樓的四個(gè)立面1至2層為雙層高度的拱廊。3到8層均采用裸露的混凝土網(wǎng)格結(jié)構(gòu)。每個(gè)立面的開口設(shè)置具有節(jié)奏感，每個(gè)開口頂部和底部輕微彎曲，頂部為有角度的水泥灰泥梁，底部的托梁支撐著窗戶或水泥灰泥面板。原單窗格窗戶采用電鍍鋁框架和銅色玻璃。建筑包含有窗的教室和辦公室，以及用于臨床研究的私密無窗空間，威廉姆斯設(shè)計(jì)的網(wǎng)格立面呈現(xiàn)出一種窗戶貫穿始終的視覺效果。

作為改造的一部分，之前棕色調(diào)的網(wǎng)格結(jié)構(gòu)被重新粉飾為清新的明亮色調(diào)，更加匹配UCLA校園的米色混凝土風(fēng)格。原有的窗框被重新粉刷，為了更好地融合色彩和輪廓，100個(gè)新的窗戶安裝在選定的位置。其余的窗格則用涂以反光青銅色的水泥灰泥板覆蓋，日照下在視覺上與其他窗戶保持一致。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

建筑底部的雙層拱廊選用了噴砂的方形混凝土柱、橫梁和混凝土網(wǎng)格天花板。位于北側(cè)的主入口處，原有一層圍墻采用了深色鋁制框架，無窗的二層則以水泥灰泥板覆蓋。CO設(shè)計(jì)的新的雙層幕墻為建筑提供了更新的形象和入口，從鄰近的廣場和噴泉處可以看到擴(kuò)充后的大廳設(shè)有供學(xué)習(xí)空間。幕墻以鋁制框架結(jié)構(gòu)配以垂直翅片和高性能隔熱玻璃。噴漆的鋁制陰影盒被融入幕墻之中，作為周邊拱廊處水泥灰泥板的延續(xù)。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)之初，建筑內(nèi)部的裝飾大多為原始狀態(tài)，自建成后僅有小幅度更新。這座56年歷史的建筑迫切需要進(jìn)行重大的現(xiàn)代化改造，以提升教學(xué)研究環(huán)境的空間質(zhì)量和布局。

CO的室內(nèi)團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)新的雙層大堂飾面進(jìn)行了升級(jí)，喚起人們對(duì)建筑原始設(shè)計(jì)元素的印象。建筑原始設(shè)計(jì)方案在UCLA的存檔為更新工作提供了參考，文件包括了威廉姆斯為電梯廳設(shè)計(jì)的大理石金屬覆層細(xì)節(jié)。為了盡可能保留更多的原始特色，CO在進(jìn)行重新設(shè)計(jì)師與大學(xué)的歷史顧問Page & Turnbull一起確定了最佳的設(shè)計(jì)方案和材料選擇。設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)沒有拆除原有的大理石墻面和水磨石地面，而是選擇保持表面的完好并在上方覆蓋新的兼容材料。原有的大理石墻面外加上了新的卡拉卡塔拼配大理石板，地面上澆筑了色彩清新輕盈的水磨石層。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

大廳被打開為雙層之后，原有的華夫格形板顯露出來，一直延伸至室外拱廊的下方。原來的圓形頂燈以風(fēng)格類似而能效更高的LED燈替代，突顯了華夫格形天花板的同時(shí)劃分出學(xué)生所用的協(xié)作空間。二層大廳中透明玻璃護(hù)欄擁有銅制扶手，呼應(yīng)威廉姆斯設(shè)計(jì)的銅制框架；新的水磨石地面中的黃銅分隔條與原有的柱網(wǎng)和外部拱廊相互匹配。

大廳的學(xué)生區(qū)提供了高桌、會(huì)議設(shè)施、低矮的休閑座椅和圓形沙發(fā)等豐富家具，為會(huì)議、學(xué)習(xí)和社交提供了便利。區(qū)域分布的地毯定義出了私密區(qū)域，并具有隔音效果。大廳的大型媒體墻展示著心理系的研究成果和活動(dòng)事件，增加了院系與教職人員、學(xué)生和訪者間的互動(dòng)。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

為了迎合現(xiàn)代學(xué)習(xí)的需求，上方的樓層經(jīng)過徹底翻新，將教室、會(huì)議室、干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)室和升級(jí)后的辦公室容納其中，其中包括10個(gè)新教室（含2個(gè)主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)工作室）、兩個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、一個(gè)研究生休息室、四個(gè)會(huì)議室和一個(gè)咨詢中心。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

升級(jí)后的電梯大堂設(shè)有長椅、白橡木墻壁和裝有LED集成燈具的木格柵天花板，定義出每個(gè)樓層入口的同時(shí)營造了溫馨宜人的氛圍。電梯也以不銹鋼重新裝飾，空間中豐富的材料色調(diào)一掃過去臨床空間的單調(diào)氣息。由于原來的無窗設(shè)置，在走廊內(nèi)難以辨別方向。改造后，新增的窗戶和色彩鮮艷的特色墻在走廊盡頭營造的角落，便于學(xué)生間的協(xié)作的同時(shí)也成為了標(biāo)識(shí)指引。走廊的可粘性表面也讓張貼的海報(bào)井井有條。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

教室和會(huì)議室以夾層玻璃圍合，帶有定制圖案的中層玻璃滿足了嚴(yán)格的聲學(xué)要求，具有良好的視覺隱私性。辦公室由帶有乳白色玻璃側(cè)燈的通高白橡木門進(jìn)入。這些特色元素既保證了視覺和聽覺的隱蔽性，也讓人一瞥內(nèi)部的活動(dòng)。

原有的機(jī)械電力系統(tǒng)得到了升級(jí)，教室、會(huì)議室和公共空間均提供集成視聽，便于主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)和交流。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)與大學(xué)進(jìn)行了緊密合作，對(duì)原建筑的抗震性能進(jìn)行評(píng)估并確定出結(jié)構(gòu)所需的微調(diào)措施。項(xiàng)目的結(jié)構(gòu)工程顧問KPFF與UCLA的工程學(xué)院一同加入，進(jìn)行了多方面的計(jì)算和物理建模研究，以及對(duì)原混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的材料測(cè)試。學(xué)校的工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室打造了一部分1:3的建筑模型，并通過了模擬地震運(yùn)動(dòng)的嚴(yán)格震動(dòng)測(cè)試。這項(xiàng)研究分析使得設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)最大限度減少對(duì)原設(shè)計(jì)的完整性和建筑特色的影響。最終確立的方案在建筑外部的雙層拱廊及內(nèi)部的固定位置增加細(xì)長的結(jié)構(gòu)粘滯阻尼器，在地震期間作為建筑減震器。外部拱廊阻尼處的鋼飾邊經(jīng)過細(xì)致處理，與混凝土柱融為一體。建筑內(nèi)部的阻尼器顯露在半透明玻璃后的教室和會(huì)議室中。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

建筑入口處新增了場地元素和景觀，破舊的紀(jì)念性樓梯由新的入口階梯、護(hù)欄、扶手和通向前門的無障礙坡道所替代。景觀設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)整合了許多座位區(qū)，人們可以在此聚集和休憩，觀賞到臨近廣場上的倒置噴泉。植物配置方面選擇了常用于更正式的景觀中的本土加州植物，為當(dāng)?shù)厣锾峁⒌亍?/span>

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

項(xiàng)目被要求至少達(dá)到LEED的綠色建筑銀級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)建造過程中，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)與學(xué)校緊密合作超越這一基準(zhǔn)，在項(xiàng)目的限制和預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)盡可能打造出更可持續(xù)的項(xiàng)目?？沙掷m(xù)性涵蓋節(jié)水/低水流量管道設(shè)施、增強(qiáng)能效（LED照明和先進(jìn)的照明控制）、高效節(jié)能的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、分區(qū)控制和增強(qiáng)調(diào)試。項(xiàng)目使用的室內(nèi)建筑材料具有很高的可回收性。作為項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的室內(nèi)環(huán)境質(zhì)量，通過材料的選擇和低碳排放材料的使用達(dá)到了空氣質(zhì)量的優(yōu)化。溫度的舒適性是其中一項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)，二氧化碳監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備控制室外空氣的輸送。項(xiàng)目獲得了美國綠色建筑協(xié)會(huì)的LEED鉑金認(rèn)證。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

CO建筑事務(wù)所總部位于洛杉磯，事務(wù)所在高等教育、科技、醫(yī)療健康領(lǐng)域的建筑設(shè)計(jì)、規(guī)劃和設(shè)計(jì)作品在美國廣受贊譽(yù)，與東西海岸的一流機(jī)構(gòu)開展合作。專業(yè)領(lǐng)域涵蓋變革性醫(yī)學(xué)衛(wèi)生專業(yè)學(xué)校、高級(jí)研究教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，以及高等教育、醫(yī)療健康和城市校園的創(chuàng)新臨床設(shè)施。由于出色的設(shè)計(jì)和項(xiàng)目呈現(xiàn)，事務(wù)所收獲了美國國內(nèi)和國際上的高度認(rèn)可，榮獲超過175個(gè)美國國內(nèi)和國際設(shè)計(jì)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，其中包括美國建筑師協(xié)會(huì)加州分會(huì)頒發(fā)的年度公司獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

UCLA's Psychology Department has been housed in the three-building Franz Hall complex for more than 50 years.? The tallest building in the complex, most recently referred to as the Psychology Tower, was designed by influential architect Paul R. Williams, FAIA, and completed in 1967.? The 125,000-square-foot, 11-story building spans three basement levels plus eight above-grade stories. The well-proportioned building is almost a cube, roughly 100 feet square by 100 feet tall.? Williams'?rigorous and rational design employed a structural concrete grid on all four fa?ades, which was further tailored to the interior function by the irregular placement of windows (or lack of windows) where psychology research laboratories preferred to control the internal environment.

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Seismic deficiencies discovered in the structure—along with the growing requirements of the psychology program—prompted UCLA to modernize the historic structure.? The university engaged CO Architects, whose renovation and ground-up projects for the school date back to the mid-1980s, and include historic renovations and seismic upgrades of Royce Hall (Allison and Allison, 1929) and Botany Building (Williams, 1959).? The Anthony & Jeanne Pritzker Family Foundation committed $30 million toward the renovation of the tower, which was renamed Pritzker Hall.

CO Architects aimed to blend familiarity with modernity while preserving Pritzker Hall's original design language that was established in 1967 by celebrated architect Paul Revere Williams, FAIA.? The project was approached as an historic renovation, given the building's eligibility for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (though not currently listed).? Much-needed seismic improvements, coupled with new academic requirements for the Psychology Department, drove the project.? These factors also provided an opportunity to present a new departmental face to the university for the third-ranked psychology program in the country (according to?US News & World Report).? Within the 125,000-square-foot, 11-story building are new classrooms, collaboration spaces, dry lab research spaces, amenities, offices, and a new double-height lobby that accommodates both amenity and study areas for students.? These and other upgrades include bringing more natural light into the building, restoring or sensitively replacing materials, and upgrading landscape.? Initially targeting LEED Silver, the project was ultimately awarded LEED Platinum certification.? The renovated Pritzker Hall preserves Williams'?iconic design and detailing, provides updated learning environments, assures seismically safe spaces, and enlarges the university's reputation as a steward of historically significant architecture.

All four of the tower's fa?ades feature an exposed structural concrete grid system from the third to eighth floors set atop a double-height arcade at the first two levels.? A regular rhythm of openings is consistent across each fa?ade; every opening is slightly curved at the top and bottom and features angled cement plaster headers and spandrels holding either a window or a cement plaster panel.? The original single-pane windows had bronze-anodized aluminum frames with bronze-tinted glazing.? Even though the building combines windowed classrooms and offices with private, windowless rooms for clinical research, Williams designed the gridded fa?ade to present the illusion that fenestration exists throughout.

As part of the renovation, the structural grid, which was previously painted in brown and tan tones, was repainted a brighter shade to better match the prevalent UCLA buff-colored concrete.? Existing window frames were also repainted, and approximately 100 new windows were installed at select locations to match in color and profile.? The remaining cement plaster panels were painted with a reflective bronze tone, so they appear consistent with the windows in daylight.

The double-height arcade at the base of the building features sandblasted square concrete columns and beams with a concrete waffle-slab ceiling.? At the main entry on the north side, the original enclosure walls on the first floor had dark aluminum storefront framing, and the windowless second floor was clad with cement plaster.? CO designed a new double-height curtainwall to provide an updated identity and entry for the building, as well as an expanded lobby with student study space that is visible from the adjacent plaza and fountain.? The curtainwall utilizes aluminum framing members with projecting vertical fins and high-performance insulated glazing.? A painted aluminum shadowbox is integrated into the curtainwall to provide continuation of the adjacent cement plaster banding around the arcade.

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

At the outset of this renovation project, the tower's interior finishes were mostly original, with only minimal updates made since completion.? The 56-year-old building was in dire need of significant modernization to improve the quality and layout of its teaching and research environments.

CO's interiors team upgraded finishes in the new double-height lobby to recall the building's original design elements within the space.? UCLA archived the building's original plans, which CO Architects referenced for the updates.? The documents included Williams'?details of the marble and metal cladding at the elevator lobby.? Wanting to retain as many original details as possible in the redesign, CO worked with the university's historical consultant, Page & Turnbull, to determine the best design solutions and material selections.? Instead of demolishing the existing marble feature walls and terrazzo flooring, the design team chose to leave these surfaces intact and build on top of them with new, compatible materials.? New book-matched Calacatta marble slabs were added over the existing marble walls, and atop the floors a fresh, lighter-colored terrazzo coating was poured.

Opening the lobby to two stories exposed the original waffle slab, which continues out to the exterior beneath the arcade.? Original circular dome lights were replaced with similarly styled, more-efficient LED fixtures, and complementary ring pendants highlight the waffle slab and define student collaboration spaces.? Clear glass guardrails with a gradient bronze pattern in the upper lobby honor Williams'?original bronze window-framing members, while brass divider strips in the new terrazzo flooring align with the existing column grid and the exterior arcade.

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

Student areas within the lobby offer a variety of furnishings that accommodate meetings, studying, and socialization.? Options range from high-top tables and conference settings to low lounge seating and circular sofas.? Area rugs define intimate zones and contribute to acoustic absorption.? A large media wall in the lobby displays research and events happening within the psychology department, increasing the department's interface with its community of faculty, students, and visitors.

The tower's upper levels were completely gutted and renovated to accommodate modern learning needs, such as classrooms, conference rooms, dry labs, and upgraded offices.? The program includes 10 new classrooms (including two active learning studios), two computer labs, a graduate student lounge, four conference rooms, and an advising center.

Upgraded elevator lobbies feature bench seating, white oak-clad walls, and wood grille ceilings with integrated LED linear lighting to define the entry to each floor, as well as lend a warm and inviting atmosphere.? The elevators have been refaced with stainless steel, resulting in a rich material palette in spaces that were previously tired and clinical in nature.? Existing corridors did not have any windows, which made wayfinding difficult.? “Nooks” with new windows and brightly colored accent walls were created at the ends of the corridors to foster student collaboration and aid orientation.? Tackable surfaces lining corridors keep posters organized.

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

Classrooms and conference rooms are enclosed with laminated glass that incorporates a custom-patterned interlayer to address stringent acoustic and visual privacy requirements.? Offices are accessed through full-height white-oak doors with milky white glass sidelights.? These features provide a glimpse of activity within while maintaining visual and acoustic privacy.

Existing mechanical and electrical systems were upgraded, and audio-visual integration within classrooms, conference rooms, and public spaces was provided to allow for active learning and communication.?

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

The university and the design team worked closely together to evaluate and determine the seismic resistance of the existing building in order to fine tune the structural retrofit that would be required.? The project's structural engineer (KPFF) joined forces with UCLA School of Engineering to execute an extensive computational and physical modeling study, coupled with a materials testing program for the existing concrete structure.? A 1/3-scale mockup of a portion of the building was constructed in a UCLA Engineering laboratory and was rigorously shake tested to simulate seismic movements.? This study and analysis allowed the design team to minimize the impact to the architectural character and integrity of Williams'?original mid-century design.? The final solution provides slender structural viscous dampers (which act as building shock absorbers during a seismic event) at the double-height exterior arcade of the building, as well as at selected locations inside the building.? Steel trim was carefully detailed at the exterior arcade dampers to integrate with the concrete columns.? Inside the building, selected dampers are exposed within classrooms and conference rooms behind translucent glazing.

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

New site elements and landscape were included at the entry of the building, replacing the deteriorating monumental stairs with new entry stairs, guardrails, handrails, and an accessible sloping pathway to the front door.? The landscape also integrates many seating areas that allow for serendipitous gatherings and places to rest and view the inverted fountain in the adjoining plaza.? The planting design incorporates the use of California native plants in a more formal landscape; California Sycamores, Coffeeberry, Bush Anemone, Giant Chain Fern, and California Myrtle provide habitat for local fauna and flora.?

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

The design team was required to provide a project with at least Silver LEED certification.? During design and construction, the design and building team worked closely with UCLA to exceed this baseline and provide the most sustainable project possible within the project and budget constraints.? Sustainable features include water-efficient/low-flow plumbing fixtures, enhanced energy performance (including LED lighting and advanced lighting controls), high-efficiency HVAC systems, zoning controls, and enhanced commissioning.? The interior building materials utilized on the project also had a high recycled content.? Indoor environmental quality was a focus on the project and materials and low-emitting materials were selected throughout the project to optimize indoor air quality.? Thermal comfort was a focus (ASHRE 55) and CO2 monitoring controls outdoor air delivery.? The project was awarded LEED Platinum certification (2009 Commercial Interiors) by USGBC.

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

Los Angeles-based CO Architects is nationally recognized for architectural planning, programming, and design in the higher education, science and technology, and healthcare sectors, and works with leading institutions from coast to coast.? CO Architects'?specialized expertise includes transformative schools of medicine and health professions, advanced research and teaching laboratories, and innovative clinical facilities on higher education, healthcare, and urban campuses.? The firm has been nationally and internationally recognized with more than 175 awards for design and project delivery, including the American Institute of Architects, California Council's Architecture Firm of the Year Award.?

Photographer: Kim Rodgers

Architect/Interior Designer:?CO Architects

Scott Kelsey, FAIA, principal in charge

Jorge de la Cal, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, principal/project director

Fabian Kremkus, AIA, LEED GA, design principal

Phillip White, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, associate principal/project manager

Sussan Movassagh, Assoc. AIA, associate/senior designer

Rachel J. Bascombe, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, associate/designer

Jorge Colón, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, senior associate/interior design director

Scott Lindquist, intern

Client:?University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)

Size:?125,000 square feet (82,000 square feet renovated), 11 levels (three below grade; eight above-ground levels are included in the renovation scope)

Budget:?$34,650,000

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Construction Manager at Risk:?Rudolph and Sletten

MEP Engineer and LEED Consulting:?Affiliated Engineers (AEI)

Structural and Civil Engineer:?KPFF Engineering

Landscape Architect:?Studio-MLA

Lighting Designer:?KGM Architectural Lighting

Acoustical Consultant:?Waveguide

Environmental Graphic Designer:?SKA Design

Historic Consultant:?Page & Turnbull

Furniture Systems Selection Assistance / Procurement / Installation:?Tangram Interiors

Photographer:?Kim Rodgers

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