{"ops":[{"insert":"一、基本概念"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音列"},{"insert":"：樂音體系中的音從低到高或從高到低排列，整個區(qū)域為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"音域"},{"insert":"。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音階"},{"insert":"：將調(diào)式中的音，從以主音開始到以主音結(jié)束，由低到高（叫做上行）或由高到低（叫做下行）排列。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音級"},{"insert":"：樂音體系中的各音，"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"基本音級"},{"insert":"為1 2 3 4 5 6，對應(yīng)"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"唱名"},{"insert":"do re mi fa sol la si/ti，對應(yīng)"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"音名"},{"insert":"C D E F G A B，b與音名組合為降低半音，#與音名組合為升高半音，此外還有高八度的高音（簡譜上加一點）以及低八度的低音（簡譜下加一點）等。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音程"},{"insert":"：兩個音在音高上的距離，大小的單位為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"度"},{"insert":"。例如1到1為一度、1到2為二度、1到高音1為八度。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"十二平均律"},{"insert":"：將一個八度音平均分為十二分，每分為一個半音，而一個全音等于兩個半音之和。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"大調(diào)音階"},{"insert":"各音之間的關(guān)系為：全半全全全半。（除3和4以及7和高音1之間屬半音，其他均為全音，1到高音1間加起來共12個半音。）"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"小調(diào)音階"},{"insert":"各音之間的關(guān)系為：全半全全半全全。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音數(shù)"},{"insert":"：音程所包含的全音、半音數(shù)目，用分數(shù)和整數(shù)標記，用"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"1/2"},{"insert":"表示"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"半音"},{"insert":"，用"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"整數(shù)"},{"insert":"表示"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"全音"},{"insert":"。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音程屬性"},{"insert":"：由音程所包含的音級數(shù)和音程所包含的半音個數(shù)確定。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"協(xié)和音程"},{"insert":"：聽起來悅耳、融合的音程。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"極完全協(xié)和音程"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"：聲音"},{"insert":"完全合一的純一度和幾乎完全合一的純八度）；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"完全協(xié)和音程"},{"insert":"：聲音相當(dāng)融合的純四度和純五度；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"不完全協(xié)和音程"},{"insert":"：不很融合的大小三度和大小六度。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"不協(xié)和音程"},{"insert":"：聽起來比較刺耳，彼此不很融合的音程。大小二度、大小七度及所有增減音程（包括增四、減五度音程）倍增、倍減音程都屬于不協(xié)和音程。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"純一度"},{"insert":"為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"相同"},{"insert":"的兩音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"0"},{"insert":"，例如1和1；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"小二度"},{"insert":"為兩個"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"相差兩個音級一個半音"},{"insert":"的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"1/2"},{"insert":"，例如3和4以及7和高音1；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大二度"},{"insert":"為兩個"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"相差兩個音級兩個半音的"},{"insert":"音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"1"},{"insert":"，例如1和2；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"小三度"},{"insert":"為兩個"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"相差三個音級三個半音的音"},{"insert":"，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"1又1/2"},{"insert":"，例如中間音為3、4、7、1的兩個音；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大三度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差三個音級四個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"2"},{"insert":"，例如1和3；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"純四度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差四個音級五個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"2又1/2"},{"insert":"，例如1和4；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"增四度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差四個音級六個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"3"},{"insert":"，例如4和7；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"減五度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差五個音級六個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"3"},{"insert":"，例如7和高音4；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"純五度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差五個音級七個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"3又1/2"},{"insert":"，例如1和5；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"小六度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差六個音級七個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"3又1/2"},{"insert":"，例如根音為3、6或7的兩個音；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大六度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差六個音級八個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"4"},{"insert":"，例如1和6；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"小七度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差七個音級九個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"4又1/2"},{"insert":"，例如根音為1或4的兩個音；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大七度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差七個音級十個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"5"},{"insert":"，例如1和7；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"純八度"},{"insert":"為兩個相差八個音級十二個半音的音，音數(shù)為"},{"attributes":{"color":"#ffb027"},"insert":"6"},{"insert":"，例如1和高音1。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"在大或純的基礎(chǔ)上再加半音為增，在小或純的基礎(chǔ)上再減半音為減，在大的基礎(chǔ)上減半音為小，在小的基礎(chǔ)上加半音為大。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"和弦"},{"insert":"：三個或三個以上的音按照三度或非三度的關(guān)系疊加而成。\n常見的"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"三度和弦"},{"insert":"有：\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大三和弦"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"："},{"insert":"根音與三音是大三度，三音與五音是小三度，用根音的大寫英文字母音名來表示，例如C和弦；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"小三和弦"},{"insert":"：根音與三音是小三度，三音與五音是大三度，用根音的音名加上m表示，例如Dm和弦；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"減三和弦"},{"insert":"：根音與三音以及三音與五音都是小三度，用根音的音名加上dim表示，例如Bdim和弦；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大小七和弦"},{"insert":"：在大三和弦基礎(chǔ)上再加小七度，用根音的音名加上7表示；\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"大大七和弦"},{"insert":"：在大三和弦基礎(chǔ)上再加大七度，用根音的音名加上maj7或M7表示，例如F大7/Fmaj7和弦）。\n常見的"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"非三度"},{"insert":"和弦有"},{"attributes":{"color":"#2ac864"},"insert":"掛留和弦"},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"："},{"insert":"用二度音或者純四度音代替原來的三度音而排列組合成的和弦，用根音的音名加上sus再加上2或4表示，例如G掛4/Gsus4和弦。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"調(diào)"},{"insert":"：幾個音按照一定的次序進行有規(guī)律的音高排列，形成音列的音高位置。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"基本調(diào)"},{"insert":"（自然調(diào)）即由基本音級所組成的調(diào)，例如G調(diào)簡譜1=G（五線譜加上#，而若是高音譜號，就在第五線上加上#，若是低音譜號，就在第四線上加上#）。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"調(diào)式"},{"insert":"：幾個音（不超過七個，不少于三個）按照一定的關(guān)系（高低關(guān)系、穩(wěn)定與不穩(wěn)定關(guān)系等）聯(lián)結(jié)在一起所構(gòu)成的體系，并以某個音為中心進行。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"調(diào)性"},{"insert":"：調(diào)與調(diào)式的總稱。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"大調(diào)式"},{"insert":"：幾個音按照一定的關(guān)系聯(lián)結(jié)在一起，并以1（do）音中心，形成1 2 3 4 5 6 7的音列音高（穩(wěn)定音合起來構(gòu)成一個小三和弦，不穩(wěn)定音以二度音程關(guān)系傾向穩(wěn)定音）而構(gòu)成旋律進行的基本音調(diào)，大調(diào)式分為自然大調(diào)（應(yīng)用最廣）、和聲大調(diào)和旋律大調(diào)，例如C自然大調(diào)C D E F G A B，而D自然大調(diào)則將D唱成1（do）記作D E #F G A B #C，依次類推。\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"小調(diào)式"},{"insert":"：幾個音按照一定的關(guān)系聯(lián)結(jié)在一起，并以6（La）音為中心，形成6 7 1 2 3 4 5的音列音高（穩(wěn)定音合起來構(gòu)成一個小三和弦，不穩(wěn)定音以二度音程關(guān)系傾向穩(wěn)定音）而構(gòu)成旋律進行的基本音調(diào)，小調(diào)式分為自然小調(diào)、和聲小調(diào)和旋律小調(diào)，例如a自然小調(diào)A B C D E F G，而b自然小調(diào)則將B唱成6（la），記作B #C D E #F G A，依次類推。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"調(diào)音級"},{"insert":"：分為主音、上主音、中音、下屬音、屬音、下中音、導(dǎo)音。大調(diào)式依次為1 2 3 4 5 6 7，小調(diào)式則為6 7 1 2 3 4 5。主音是調(diào)式中最穩(wěn)定的音。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"穩(wěn)定音級"},{"insert":"：主音、中音、屬音，構(gòu)成調(diào)式重要的三個音；"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"不穩(wěn)定音級"},{"insert":"：上主音、下屬音、下中音、導(dǎo)音。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"正音級"},{"insert":"：主音、下屬音、屬音，體現(xiàn)調(diào)式基本規(guī)律和特征的三個音；"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"副音級"},{"insert":"：下主音、中音、下中音、導(dǎo)音。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"音級級數(shù)"},{"insert":"：各音與主音間的度數(shù)關(guān)系，主音至導(dǎo)音的級數(shù)為一至七。例如F自然大調(diào)一至七音級級數(shù)對應(yīng)為F G A bB C D E，d自然小調(diào)則為D E F G A bB C。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"調(diào)和弦"},{"insert":"：由調(diào)音級為根音所構(gòu)成的和弦。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"正三和弦"},{"insert":"：由主音、上屬音、屬音為根音（大調(diào)式為145，小調(diào)式則為623）所構(gòu)成的和弦。"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"副三和弦"},{"insert":"：上主音、中音、下中音、導(dǎo)音為根音（大調(diào)式為1367，小調(diào)式為7145）所構(gòu)成的和弦。例如G自然大調(diào)和弦G Am Bm C D Em #Fdim，e自然小調(diào)和弦則對應(yīng)為Em #Fdim G Am Bm C D。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"和弦級數(shù)"},{"insert":"：調(diào)和弦是由調(diào)式中的音為根音所構(gòu)成的，調(diào)式和弦級數(shù)與調(diào)式音級級數(shù)相同。大調(diào)式和小調(diào)式和弦級數(shù)不同，例如B自然大調(diào)一至七和弦級數(shù)對應(yīng)為B #Cm #Dm E #F #Gm #Adim，g自然小調(diào)則對應(yīng)為#Gm #Adim B #Cm #Dm E #F。一首歌大調(diào)式就只能用大調(diào)式級數(shù)，反之亦然。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/599a77a73c71dd1ea051b2ee108397329ed73a20.jpg","width":741,"height":473,"size":217439,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"和弦"},{"insert":"（級數(shù)）"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"萬能公式"},{"insert":"：1645、15634145（卡農(nóng)，變奏1563461）、4536251。\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"C自然大調(diào)音階圖"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/da2470cb8d498363808598bf9e548a738d24b2bf.jpg","width":690,"height":260,"size":93843,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#18191c"},"insert":"吉他標準調(diào)音后一弦至六弦空弦的音為E、B、G、D、A、E（高音mi、si/ti、sol、re、低音la、低音mi），吉他相鄰兩品之間為半音，變調(diào)夾可借此升高吉他的音調(diào)，例如夾二品，吉他由C調(diào)升至D調(diào)，原先三品的位置重置為D調(diào)的一品。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"cut-off"},"insert":{"cut-off":{"type":"3","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/db75225feabec8d8b64ee7d3c7165cd639554cbc.png"}}},{"insert":"二、常用和弦圖"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"下圖中"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"圓圈1"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表食指按弦、"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"長條1"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表食指橫按（長的大橫按短的小橫按）、"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"圓圈2"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表中指按弦、"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"圓圈3"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表無名指按弦、"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"圓圈4"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表小拇指按弦，"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"Ⅹ"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表該弦不發(fā)音、"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"O"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表該弦可發(fā)音，"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"左上角的數(shù)字"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表品，"},{"attributes":{"color":"#00aeec"},"insert":"下面的字母"},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"代表該弦所發(fā)的音。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"C調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/5f465dc3934ed81492797fc4080ab2178f2d2e98.jpg","width":931,"height":409,"size":89478,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"D調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/9bb3fa233fcfb833911c73d3c92e14c6af19e69b.jpg","width":946,"height":409,"size":80298,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"D和弦食指小橫按也可用食指按三弦二品、中指按一弦二品、無名指按二弦三品替代。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"E調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/b4b16ad46d8de4e3211d6dd80d8a1f36abd36b2d.jpg","width":914,"height":407,"size":82512,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"B和弦按四品的中指、無名指和小拇指可用無名指折指小橫按替代。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"F調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/d2746f646fa95881aa64f8513c64b7f87b220078.jpg","width":920,"height":416,"size":73775,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"bB和弦按三品的中指、無名指和小拇指可用無名指折指小橫按替代。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"G調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/8c26bed9b4f12e54f9930f19fae6dd101be6c139.jpg","width":910,"height":400,"size":90025,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"D和弦食指小橫按也可用食指按三弦二品、中指按一弦二品、無名指按二弦三品替代。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"A調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/2fc8c73fa0eb6e091aed461cea89cee813cbf34a.jpg","width":905,"height":407,"size":78995,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"B調(diào)"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/738be05f96a2d85fbd07a5ab61385ae704a91d3c.jpg","width":906,"height":397,"size":81975,"status":"loaded"}}},{"attributes":{"color":"#f85a54"},"insert":"B和弦按四品的中指、無名指和小拇指可用無名指折指小橫按替代。"},{"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"cut-off"},"insert":{"cut-off":{"type":"3","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/db75225feabec8d8b64ee7d3c7165cd639554cbc.png"}}},{"insert":"三、技巧"},{"attributes":{"header":1},"insert":"\n"},{"attributes":{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