背景、符號(hào)標(biāo)記等見序言

25.1 Sed in iis erat Sempronia, quae multa saepe virilis audaciae facinora conmiserat.

洛：Now among these women was Sempronia, who had often committed many crimes of masculine daring.

試：But in those women there was Sempronia, who often committed many crimes of manly audacity.

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25.2 Haec mulier genere atque forma, praeterea viro atque liberis satis fortunata fuit; litteris Graecis et Latinis docta, psallere et saltare elegantius quam necesse est probae, multa alia, quae instrumenta luxuriae sunt.

洛：In birth and beauty, in her husband also and children, she was abundantly favoured by fortune; well read in the literature of Greece and Rome, able to play the lyre and dance more skilfully than an honest woman need, and having many other accomplishments which minister to voluptuousness.

試：This woman, with family and beauty, besides with husband and children was fortunate enough; taught by Greek and Latin literature, she played instrument danced more nicely than it was necessary to an excellent woman, she had many other things, which were instruments of extravagance.

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25.3 Sed ei cariora semper omnia quam decus atque pudicitia fuit; pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres; lubido sic accensa, ut saepius peteret viros quam peteretur.

洛：But there was nothing which she held cheap as modesty and chastity; you could not easily say whether she was less sparing of her money or her honour; her desires were so ardent that she sought men more often than she was sought by them.

試：But to her all things were always more precious than virtue and purity; you would by no means easily distinguish whether she less spared of money or of fame; her desire was so heated, that she sought men more often than she was sought.

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25.4 Sed ea saepe antehac fidem prodiderat, creditum abiuraverat, caedis conscia fuerat; luxuria atque inopia praeceps abierat. Verum ingenium eius haud absurdum: posse versus facere, iocum movere, sermone uti vel modesto vel molli vel procaci; prorsus multae facetiae multusque lepos inerat.

洛：Even before the time of the conspiracy she had often broken her word, repudiated her debts, been privy to murder poverty and extravagance combined had driven her headlong. Nevertheless, she was a woman of no mean endowments; she could write verses, bandy jests, and use language which was modest, or tender, or wanton; in fine, she possessed a high degree of wit and of charm.

試：But before this, she had often betrayed faith, denied the trusted, been the partner of murder; she changed headlong with extravagance and indigence. Actually her talent was by no means senseless: she was able to make verses, to produce jokes, to make a conversation modest, mild or insolent; in short, much brilliance and charm belonged to her.

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段落大意 (25)：

這些女人中有一個(gè)叫顯普洛妮婭的，她出身優(yōu)越，受過良好的教育，精通音樂和舞蹈。她癡迷于追逐情欲，為此不擇手段，當(dāng)然她也是用魅力征服男人的老手。

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26.1 His rebus conparatis Catilina nihilo minus in proxumum annum consulatum petebat sperans, si designatus foret, facile se ex voluntate Antonio usurum. Neque interea quietus erat, sed omnibus modis insidias parabat Ciceroni.

洛：After making these preparations Catiline nevertheless became a candidate for the consulship of the following year, hoping that if he should be elected he could easily do whatever he wished with Antonius. In the meantime he was not idle, but kept laying plots of all kinds against Cicero,

試：When these things arranged, Catiline no less sought the consulship for the next year, expecting that, if he should be elected, he could make use of Antonius easily by his will. Nor he was at rest, but prepared plots in all ways for Cicero.

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26.2 Neque illi tamen ad cavendum dolus aut astutiae deerant.

洛：who, however, did not lack the craft and address to escape them.

試：Nor, however, for that man wile or slyness failed.

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26.3 Namque [a principio consulatus sui] [multa pollicendo per Fulviam] effecerat, {ut Q. Curius, de quo paulo ante memoravi, consilia Catilinae sibi proderet};

洛：For immediately after the beginning of his consulate, by dint of many promises made through Fulvia, Cicero had induced Quintus Curius, the man whom I mentioned a little while ago, to reveal ?Catiline's designs to him.

試：And from the beginning of his consulship, by promising many things, through Fulvia he caused that Quintus Curius, about whom I have mentioned a little above, made Catiline’s plan to him.

思考：

1. 主語(yǔ)是Cicero。分割處理狀語(yǔ)需要小心。

2. effecerat引導(dǎo)了結(jié)果（實(shí)詞）從句，這是其常見用法。

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26.4 ad hoc collegam suum Antonium pactione provinciae perpulerat, ne contra rem publicam sentiret; circum se praesidia amicorum atque clientium occulte habebat.

洛：Furthermore, he had persuaded his colleague Antonius, by agreeing to make over his province to him, not to entertain schemes hostile to the public weal, and he also had surrounded himself secretly with a bodyguard of friends and dependents.

試：In addition he forced his colleague Antonius with the compact of province, so that he would not think against the state; he secretly made protection of friends and clients around him.

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26.5 Postquam dies comitiorum venit et Catilinae neque petitio neque insidiae, quas consulibus in campo fecerat, prospere cessere, constituit bellum facere et extrema omnia experiri, quoniam, quae occulte temptaverat, aspera foedaque evenerant.

洛：When the day of the elections came and neither Catiline's suit nor the plots which he had made against the consuls in the Campus Martius were successful, he resolved to take the field and dare the uttermost, since his covert attempts had resulted in disappointment and disgrace.

試：After the day of elections came and neither Catiline’s candidature nor plots, which he made in the Campus Martius, successfully had any result, he determined to make war and try all extreme means, because, those things which he attempted secretly, had turned out to be difficult and filthy.

1. 省略的主語(yǔ)是Catilina。

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段落大意 (26):

喀提林的想法是，若他當(dāng)選，安托尼烏斯必然聽命于他，而只要能除掉西塞羅，一切都將順利。但西塞羅一方面收買了安托尼烏斯，另一方面，通過富爾維婭（和庫(kù)里烏斯）的情報(bào)反制了暗殺行動(dòng)。最終，喀提林在兩方面都失敗了，他決定采取直接的暴力手段。

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27.1 Igitur C. Manlium Faesulas atque in eam partem Etruriae, Septimium quendam Camertem in agrum Picenum, C. Iulium in Apuliam dimisit, praeterea alium alio, quem ubique opportunum sibi fore credebat.

洛：He therefore dispatched Gaius Manlius to Faesulae and the adjacent part of Etruria,a certain Septimius of Camerinum to the Picene district, and Gaius Julius to Apulia; others too to other places, where-ever he thought that each would be serviceable to his project.

試：Therefore he sent Gaius Manlius to Faesulae and into that part of Etruria, a certain Semptimus Camerinum into Picene field, Gaius Iulius into Apulia, besides, another man to another place, whom he believed to be suitable somewhere to himself.

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27.2 Interea Romae multa simul moliri: consulibus insidias tendere, parare incendia, opportuna loca armatis hominibus obsidere; ipse cum telo esse, item alios iubere, hortari, uti semper intenti paratique essent; dies noctisque festinare, vigilare, neque insomniis neque labore fatigari.

洛：Meanwhile he himself was busy at Rome with many attempts at once, laying traps for the consul, planning fires, posting armed men in commanding places. He went armed himself bade others do the same, conjured them to be always alert and ready, kept on the move night and day, took no rest yet succumbed neither to wakefulness nor fatigue.

試：Meanwhile for Rome he made effort to many things at once; he spread plots to consuls, prepared conflagrations, blocked suitable places with armed men; he was with weapon, and also ordered and encouraged others, so that they were strained and prepared; he hastened and kept vigilant in days and nights, was neither exhausted by sleeplessness nor labour.

1. ūtī等價(jià)于ut。

2. dies noctisque（diem noctemque）是固定搭配，賓格名詞起類似副詞的作用。而festinare，vigilare都不及物。

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27.3 Postremo, ubi multa agitanti nihil procedit, rursus intempesta nocte coniurationis principes convocat per M. Porcium Laecam,

洛：Finally, when his manifold attempts met with no success, again in the dead of night he summoned the ringleaders of the conspiracy to the house of Marcus Porcius Laeca. There, after reproaching them bitterly for their inaction, he stated that he had sent Manlius on ahead to the force which he had prepared for war, and also other men to other important points to commence hostilities, explaining that he himself was eager to go to the front if he could first make away with Cicero, who was a serious obstacle to his plans.

試：At last, when he made no progress after considering many, he convoked the leaders of conspiracy again in the unbroken night through Marcus Porcius Laeca, and there, complaining much about their slackness, he showed that he had sent Manlius in advance to the crowd, which he had prepared to grasping weapons, and other people to suitable places, which would became the beginning of war, and he desired to set out to army, if he would suppressed Cicero; that man interfered much with his plans.

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27.4?ibique multa de ignavia eorum questus docet se Manlium praemisisse ad eam multitudinem, quam ad capiunda arma paraverat, item alios in alia loca opportuna, qui initium belli facerent, seque ad exercitum proficisci cupere, si prius Ciceronem oppressisset; eum suis consiliis multum officere.

洛：There, after reproaching them bitterly for their inaction, he stated that he had sent Manlius on ahead to the force which he had prepared for war, and also other men to other important points to commence hostilities, explaining that he himself was eager to go to the front if he could first make away with Cicero, who was a serious obstacle to his plans.

試：and there, complaining much about their slackness, he showed that he had sent Manlius in advance to the crowd, which he had prepared to grasping weapons, and other people to suitable places, which would became the beginning of war, and he desired to set out to army, if he would suppress Cicero; that man interfered much with his plans.

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段落大意 (27)：

喀提林把幾位親信分別派往合適的地點(diǎn)，而在羅馬城內(nèi)，他謀劃刺殺執(zhí)政官，準(zhǔn)備縱火，并派人堵塞要道。他不知疲倦地尋求機(jī)會(huì)，但毫無成果。之后他又召集同伙，說明了局勢(shì)并強(qiáng)調(diào)必須解決西塞羅。

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28.1 Igitur perterritis ac dubitantibus ceteris C. Cornelius eques Romanus operam suam pollicitus et cum eo L. Vargunteius senator constituere ea nocte paulo post cum armatis hominibus sicuti salutatum introire ad Ciceronem ac de inproviso domi suae inparatum confodere.

洛：Upon this the rest were terrified and hesitated; but Gaius Cornelius,a Roman knight, offered his services and was joined by Lucius Vargunteius, a senator. These two men determined that very night,a little later, to get access to Cicero, accompanied by a band of armed men, as if for a ceremonial call and taking him by s surprise to murder the defenceless consul in his own house.

試：Therefore, when the rest people frightened and doubting, Gaius Cornelius the Roman knight, promising his action and with that man Lucius Vargunteius the senator determined to enter to Cicero with armed men just as greeting and stabbed the unprepared man unexpectedly in his home.

思考：

1. introire，confodere是constituere引出的不定式，后者本身是歷史不定式。

2. domi suae指的是西塞羅自己的房子。使用反身代詞是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)“他自己”，而不是真的“反身”指代主語(yǔ)。屬格的使用是對(duì)inproviso的補(bǔ)充，由于de inproviso是固定搭配，類似副詞，故譯文把這一屬格按位置處理。

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28.2 Curius ubi intellegit, quantum periculum consuli inpendeat, propere per Fulviam Ciceroni dolum, qui parabatur, enuntiat.

洛：When Curius learned of the great danger which threatened the consul, he hastened to report to Cicero through Fulvia the trap which was being set for him.

試：When Curius understood he was near how much danger to the consul, he hastily reported the wile to Cicero, who was prepared, through Fulvia.

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28.3 Ita illi ianua prohibiti tantum facinus frustra susceperant.

洛：Hence the would-be assassins were refused admission and proved to have undertaken this awful crime to no purpose.

試：Thus, with those men prevented from the door, they undertook the crime without effect.

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28.4 Interea Manlius in Etruria plebem sollicitare egestate simul ac dolore iniuriae novarum rerum cupidam, quod Sullae dominatione agros bonaque omnis amiserat, praeterea latrones cuiusque generis, quorum in ea regione magna copia erat, nonnullos ex Sullanis coloniis, quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerat.

洛：Meanwhile Manlius in Etruria was working upon the populace, who were already ripe for revolution because of penury and resentment at their wrongs; for during Sulla's supremacy they had lost their lands and all their property. He also approached brigands of various nationalities, who were numerous in that part of the country, and some members of Sulla's colonies who had been stripped by prodigal and luxurious living of the last of their great booty.

試：Meanwhile Manlius excited the eager plebs with indigence, and also pain of the injustice of new situations, because they gave up lands and all good things under Sulla’s dominion, besides, the mercenary soldiers of each tribes, of whom was a great number in that region, some form Sulla’s colonies, to which desire and extravagance had made nothing left from the great plunders.

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段落大意 (28)：

其中蓋烏斯·科爾涅利烏斯和路奇烏斯·瓦爾恭泰烏斯決定前去刺殺西塞羅，但這一情報(bào)也被西塞羅知曉，因此未能成功。而曼利烏斯則在埃特路里亞煽動(dòng)對(duì)時(shí)局不滿的各色人等。