高分雅思小作文干貨：合理使用英文的分?jǐn)?shù)形式描述數(shù)據(jù)或百分比
雅思A類小作文通常要求考生描述數(shù)據(jù)和百分比。偶爾把在圖表中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字和百分比換成分?jǐn)?shù)形式是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的主意。
如果你可以正確地用分?jǐn)?shù)來描述圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)，考官會(huì)覺得你的詞匯量比其他只會(huì)直接引用那些數(shù)據(jù)的考生豐富一點(diǎn)。
比如，如果圖表里包含這四個(gè)百分比：7%，25%，8%，33%，27%， 那你最好把25%和33%那兩個(gè)百分比變成分?jǐn)?shù)來表達(dá)（a quarter, a third）。所以呢，把幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)寫成分?jǐn)?shù)的形式很好，不過沒必要對(duì)全部數(shù)據(jù)都那樣做。但是很多考生要么一點(diǎn)都不會(huì)用英文來表達(dá)這樣分?jǐn)?shù)，要么在嘗試寫分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)就經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。實(shí)際上這件事情很簡(jiǎn)單。你基本上只要學(xué)會(huì)??這五個(gè)表述就可以：
a quarter 四分之一
a third 三分之一
(a) half 二分之一
two thirds 三分之二
three quarters 四分之三
以上都是最基本的，所有級(jí)別的英語學(xué)生都必須知道的。
除了以上那五個(gè)之外，學(xué)會(huì)用五分之一，五分之二等在你的雅思考試中也會(huì)有幫助。
one fifth 五分之一
two fifths 五分之二
three fifths 五分之三
four fifths 五分之四
英語里還有很多不同的分?jǐn)?shù)表述，但是以上這些都是最常用的。相對(duì)少用的類似three sevenths, five sixths等等都最好不要在雅思寫作考試中用的。如果你去用那些母語人不那么經(jīng)常用的分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)，反而會(huì)讓考官覺得你在勉強(qiáng)炫耀用分?jǐn)?shù)的那個(gè)能力，讀起來也不自然。
如果圖表中的數(shù)字不是確切的分?jǐn)?shù)的話，比如說26%，或者300人中的99個(gè)人，可以用類似over, under, more than, less than那樣的詞語。 比如：just over a quarter / a little under a third of the people。
以下就是寫學(xué)術(shù)英語作文的英文母語人士會(huì)用的百分比和分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)的對(duì)照。
1%-7%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
8%- under a tenth
9%- just under a tenth / under a tenth
10%- one tenth
11%- just over a tenth / over a tenth
12%- over a tenth (理論上可以用around one eight，但是我們很少那樣做)
13%-17%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
18%- under one fifth
19%- just under one fifth / under one fifth
20%- one fifth
21%- just over one fifth / over one fifth
22%- over one fifth
23%- under a quarter
24%- just under a quarter / under a quarter
25%- a quarter
26%- just over a quarter / over a quarter
27%- over a quarter
28%-30%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些 (理論上可以用three tenths來表達(dá)30%，但是我們很少那樣做)
31%- under a third
32%- just under a third / under a third
33%- a third (實(shí)際上a third等于33.33333333%，但是一般來說我們把33%當(dāng)成a third)
34%- just over a third / over a third
35%- over a third
36%&37%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
38%- under two fifths
39%- just under two fifths / under two fifths
40%- two fifths
41%- just over two fifths / over two fifths
42%- over two fifths
43%-46%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
47%- under (a) half
48%&49%- just under (a) half
50%- (a) half
51%&52%- just over (a) half
53%- over (a) half
54%-57%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
58%- under three fifths
59%- just under three fifths/under three fifths
60%- three fifths
61%- just over three fifths / over three fifths
62%- over three fifths
63%&64%- under two thirds
65%- just under two thirds
66%- two thirds
67%- just over two thirds
68%&69%- over two thirds
70%-72%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
73%- under three quarters
74%- just under three quarters
75%- three quarters
76%- just over three quarters
77%- over three quarters
78%- over three quarters / under four fifths
79%- just under four fifths
80%- four fifths
81%- just over four fifths
82%- over four fifths
83-100%: 我們通常不會(huì)用分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)這些
當(dāng)然也可以用around, about, approximately這樣的單詞來表達(dá)“大概”、“左右”的意思。例如around a quarter (22%-28%), about a third (30%-36%), approximately three quarters (72%-78%)。
講了那么多，下面你要不要自己嘗試一下用分?jǐn)?shù)來表達(dá)百分比？
請(qǐng)把下面三句話里的百分比換成分?jǐn)?shù)表述。
25% of household income in France is spent on food and drink.
German families spend 19% of their incomes on entertainment and 33% on housing.
The average family in the UK spends 27% of its income on food and drink and 11% on each of clothing and entertainment.
下面是我的例子答案：
（Exactly) a quarter of household income in France is spent on food and drink.
German families spend just under a fifth of their incomes on entertainment and one third on housing.
The average family in the UK spends over a quarter of its income on food and drink and just over one tenth on each of clothing and entertainment.
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