special conventions to express time

表達時間的特別方法

The -e ending may be used when talking about a reoccurring event or a specific event.

 -e結(jié)尾可能使用在當(dāng)提及到一個再次發(fā)生或者特別的事的時候

La renkonti?o okazas sabate. 

The meeting happens on Saturdays / every Saturday.

 會面在（每個）星期天舉行

La renkonti?o okazos sabate. 

The meeting will take place on Saturday (this Saturday).

 會面將在（這個）星期六進行

The -n ending is used only when talking about the up coming or recent past occurrence of a specific event:

 -n結(jié)尾只用在談及到即將來臨或者最近發(fā)生過的特別事件

Mi alvenos sabaton. = I will arrive (on) Saturday.（我將在周日到達）

Ni venos la dek-kvinan de oktobro. = We will come(on) the 15th of October.（我們將在10月15日到來）

The -n ending is also used to express duration:

-n結(jié)尾同樣用來表達持續(xù)的時間

Mi restis unu horon (= dum unu horo). = I stayed for one hour.（我呆一個小時）

Li voja?os la tutan tagon (= dum la tuta tago). = He will travel all day (the whole day).（他將會游覽一整天）

spelling conventions for months and days of the week 

 月份和星期拼寫方法

Upper Case or LowerCase? 

 大寫還是小寫？

Months can either start with a lower case or capital letter: januaro,februaro; Januaro, Februaro.

月份的首字母選擇大寫/小寫皆可： januaro, februaro; Januaro, Februaro

In this course, we have chosen to present the lower case form.Days of the week always are in lower case: lundo, mardo.

 在本課中，我們選用了小寫形式。星期的話通常使用小寫形式：lundo,mardo

THE 24-HOUR CLOCK

24小時格式

In many countries,a 24-hour clock is often used. In that system, all times after 12 noon are formed by adding 12 to the clock time, so "am" and "pm" arenot needed:

 在很多國家使用的是24小時制，在這個制度中，所有過了中午12點的時間都是以12點+時鐘的時間組成的，所以并不需要“am（上午）”和“pm（下午）”

transitive and intransitive verbs

及物動詞和不及物動詞

A transitive verb(transitiva verbo) is a verb that requires a direct object.

及物動詞就是需要一個直接賓語的動詞

An intransitive verb (neketransitiva verbo) is a verb that does not take an object. Komenci and komenci?i, below, are examples of transitiveand intransitive verbs

 不及物動詞是后面不用加賓語的動詞。下文的Komenci和komenci?i就是及物動詞和不及物動詞的例子

Komenci, komenci?i:what is the difference?

Komenci, komenci?i：有啥不同？

Komenci (transitive)means to start or begin something, and takes a direct object with an -n ending:

 Komenci（及物動詞）意思是開始某事，后面的有加詞-n的直接賓語

Mi komencas la man?on. = I am starting/beginning the meal.

 我開始吃飯

Komenci?i (intransitive)includes the -i? affix and means to begin or start on its own. It does not take a direct object:

 Komenci?i（不及物動詞）加入了詞綴-i?，意思是它自己開始了。Komenci?i后面不加直接賓語。

La man?o komenci?as. = The meal is starting/beginning.

 用餐開始了

A more detailed explanation of transitive / intransitive verbs can be found in the notes forthe module Verbs Present. You will learn more about the -i? affix in a module dedicated to both the -i? and the-i? affix.

更多關(guān)于及物動詞和不及物動詞的解釋可以在Verbs Present現(xiàn)在時篇中看到。你將會在關(guān)于詞綴-i?和-i?的模塊中學(xué)到更多關(guān)于-i? 介紹

correlatives(tabelvortoj) 

 表解詞（tabelvortoj）

All the questionwords we have learned so far start with ki-, which has the general meaning of "what":

我們知道所有的疑問詞以ki-開頭，擁有通用的含義：“what（什么）”

Similar words starting with ti- (general meaning of "that") are related to the question words:

類似的還有ti-（通用之意為“那個”），它與疑問詞有關(guān)：

And words starting with ?i- (general meaning of "all") are also related:

以?i-開頭的詞也是和疑問詞有關(guān)的:

All of these words (and more that we will learn as the course progresses) are part of a group of words in Esperanto called Correlatives (Eo: korelativoj).

 所有這些單詞（更多的單詞我們將作為進階課程來學(xué)習(xí)）是世界語中的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的一部分(Eo: korelativoj).

In Esperanto they are also called tabelvortoj because they can easily be arranged in one big table / chart.

 它們也叫作表解詞，因為它們很容易在一個大圖表中排列出來(然而在pmeg2.6版本中表解詞被成為詞解詞……)

In this module we learn iam (at any time, sometimes, ever) and neniam (at no time, never) to round out the words ending with -am that relate to time.

 在這個模塊中我們學(xué)習(xí)iam（任何時候，有時，無論何時）和neniam（任何時候，從不）

Finally, here's an overview of all the correlatives that you have learned so far:

最后，下面是你目前學(xué)過的所有關(guān)聯(lián)詞的總結(jié)：

原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Dates-and-Time

翻譯:vanilo

封面:吼吼，出現(xiàn)錯誤了！