★★★☆

太空并非一片死寂，從天文研究所發(fā)現(xiàn)的冰山一角來看，它處處充滿生機(jī)。天體竟然和人一樣也有出生、衰老和死亡；有的小天體會(huì)在行星之間沿著“星際高速公路”漫游；兩個(gè)相互繞轉(zhuǎn)的黑洞最終可能撞出引力波；星系之間也會(huì)“弱肉強(qiáng)食”，一個(gè)吞噬另一個(gè)。當(dāng)未知世界的面紗被科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)掀開，事實(shí)常常與我們的預(yù)想和假設(shè)迥異。所以在認(rèn)識(shí)和了解之前，不如多一點(diǎn)敬畏，少一點(diǎn)妄下結(jié)論。正如蘇格拉底所言：除了自己的無知，我一無所知。

——新浪科技

看題：

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to 主旨目的考論證結(jié)構(gòu)

?2. The “l(fā)arge clumps and streamers of stars” represent observational data cited by the author of the passage as an example of 結(jié)構(gòu)考信息關(guān)系?

3. According to the passage, a true double nucleus may be produced by the 直接信息，讀到就做

文章分析：

①Instances of “galactic cannibalism”—mergers in which large galaxies completely consume smaller ones—may be fairly common. ②Tidal forces produced by the Milky Way’s powerful gravity, for example, appear to be dismantling and engulfing a dwarf galaxy in the constellation Sagittarius, producing?large clumps and streamers of stars?connecting the two galaxies. ③Astronomers have also observed two dense clusters of stars and gas at the heart of the Andromeda galaxy, an apparent “double nucleus” that may contain the remnant of a cannibalized dwarf galaxy. ④But this twin-lobed appearance could also be created by two parts of a single nucleus bisected by a lane of dust. ⑤Scientists believe that only about 25 percent of such apparent double nuclei actually represent galactic cannibalism. ⑥Many of the rest result from the illusion of proximity that occurs when objects at different distances appear along the same line of sight; others consist of debris from galactic “collisions,” in which one galaxy has passed through another without merging, causing waves of new star formation.

①事實(shí)，介紹星系吞噬

②舉例

③另一個(gè)例子

④但也可能是另一種解釋

⑤科學(xué)家觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為只有25%是真的

⑥其他的可能產(chǎn)生原因

①

↓

② + ③ ? ④

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ↓

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?⑤

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ↓

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?⑥

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to 主旨目的題

A. suggest that galactic cannibalism occurs more commonly than previously supposed 沒有證據(jù)

B. indicate the difficulty of determining whether galactic cannibalism actually occurs

C. demonstrate flaws?in the evidence used to prove that galactic cannibalism actually occurs 干擾項(xiàng)，原文可以認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)象解釋。沒有證據(jù)

D. outline the process by which galactic cannibalism takes place 說明文

E. present evidence that galactic cannibalism has occurred in a given instance 沒有證據(jù)

?

2. The “l(fā)arge clumps and streamers of stars” represent observational data cited by the author of the passage as an example of 結(jié)構(gòu)題

A. the star configuration?typical of a dwarf galaxy 沒有證據(jù)

B. galactic cannibalism that is still in progress?除了對(duì)應(yīng)給上句的fairy?common舉例, 也對(duì)應(yīng)當(dāng)句的dismantling and engulfing

C. waves of new star formation resulting from a galactic collision 沒有證據(jù)/無關(guān)，對(duì)應(yīng)⑥不在答題區(qū)間

D. debris from a galactic collision coalescing into a double nucleus 同上

E. material connecting the two nuclei of a galaxy formed by galactic cannibalism 沒有證據(jù)

?

3. According to the passage, a true double nucleus may be produced by the

A. collision of two?dwarf galaxies 沒有證據(jù)

B. incorporation of a dwarf galaxy into a larger galaxy對(duì)應(yīng)②

C. merging of two galaxies of approximately equal size?沒有證據(jù)

D. separation of a single nucleus into two parts by a lane of dust 對(duì)應(yīng)④，相反

E. waves of new star formation resulting from an instance of galactic cannibalism 對(duì)應(yīng)⑥，相反

背景拓展：

galactic cannibalism 星系吞噬

Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) are galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy's disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, which may lead to a galaxy merger.?

tidal force 潮汐力

Sagittarius (constellation) 人馬星座

Sagittarius is one of the constellations of the zodiac. It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations. Its name is Latin for the archer, and its symbol is (Unicode ?), a stylized arrow. Sagittarius is commonly represented as a centaur pulling back a bow. ?It lies between Scorpius and Ophiuchus to the west and Capricornus and Microscopium to the east.

The center of the Milky Way lies in the westernmost part of Sagittarius.?