正文翻譯

Lesser Known Ancient "Wonders" of the World

世界上鮮為人知的古代“奇觀”

So everyone knows about Stonehenge, the Great Pyramids, the Colossus of Rhodes, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Lighthouse (and of course) the Library of Alexandria, the Colosseum and Circus Maximus of Rome, and the Great Wall of China. But what are some other important but less discussed architectural achievements of the ancient and classical world?

每個人都知道巨石陣、大金字塔、羅得島、巴比倫空中花園、燈塔（當(dāng)然還有）亞歷山大圖書館、羅馬競技場和羅馬圓形大劇場以及中國長城。但是，古代和古典世界的一些其他一樣重要但較少討論的建筑成就有哪些？

評論翻譯

[dexed]
In term of economic impact or total size: China's Grand Canal.

就經(jīng)濟(jì)影響或總規(guī)模而言：中國大運河。

（京杭大運河）

[dexed]
Didn’t it kill a shitload of peasants?

它不是導(dǎo)致了很多農(nóng)民的死亡嗎？

Keighlon
The grand canal system is absolutely astonishing. While europe was still chucking sticks at each other and living in huts china was building country wide water highways. The manpower forethought and organization of it blows my mind

大運河系統(tǒng)絕對是驚人的。當(dāng)歐洲還在互相殘殺，住在茅屋里的時候，中國正在建設(shè)全國范圍的水上公路。他對人力的籌劃和阻織度讓我大吃一驚。

deezee72
The Grand Canal is an amazing demonstration of China's organization, but let's not get too carried away. It was built at the end of the 6th century - I don't think it's too fair to say that Europe was "chucking sticks at each other and living in huts".

大運河是中國組織度的一個驚人的展示，但我們不要太激動。 它建于6世紀(jì)末——我不認(rèn)為說歐洲“還在互相殘殺，住在茅屋里”是一個公平的說法。

Sn_rk
Not really, no. Roman concepts of administration and infrastructure were being maintained for a long time, even if they slowly eroded.

并非如此，真的。羅馬的行政管理和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施概念在歐洲被維持了很長一段時間，即使它們慢慢地被侵蝕。

Intranetusa
On a similar note, the Qin State's Fish Mouth Levee irrigation and flood control system in use to this day: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dujiangyan

類似地，秦國的河口灌溉和防洪系統(tǒng)至今仍在使用：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dujiangyan（都江堰的維基百科）

knavillus
The wonder that always amazes me is the Roman road system, including bridges. The number of bridges still standing and in use today was surprising to me and the scale of the road system at its peak was impressive.

令我驚訝的是羅馬的道路系統(tǒng)，包括橋梁。今天仍然矗立和使用的來自羅馬時代的橋梁數(shù)量令我感到驚訝，公路系統(tǒng)在高峰時的規(guī)模令人印象深刻。

（古羅馬橋梁）

Qafqa
Don't forget the aqueducts.

別忘了引水渠

（羅馬引水渠）

recuise
Yeah, but what have the Romans ever done for us?

是啊，但是羅馬人為我們做了什么？

ecknorr
Could not have the Superbowl without Roman numerals.

沒有羅馬數(shù)字就不可能有超級碗。

knavillus
I don’t think they thought in these terms though, structural and materials analysis that can predict longevity of a structure just didn’t exist back then. I’m guessing the primary motivation by the designer was to ensure it didn’t fail at any cost. I hadn’t really thought of it in those terms though, it’s really funny!

我不認(rèn)為他們用這些方式來思考，但是，能夠預(yù)測結(jié)構(gòu)壽命的結(jié)構(gòu)和材料分析在當(dāng)時不存在。 我猜設(shè)計師的主要動機(jī)是確保它不會以倒。不過，我從來沒有以這種角度想過，這真的很有趣！

SantasBananas
Yeah, that's exactly my point - they made the bridges with such longevity because they didn't have the engineering confidence to not.
Still massively impressive structures, obviously. I'm just always a little ticked when people say they were able to build structures we can't anymore, or some other nonsense.

是的，這正是我的觀點-他們建造了如此長壽的橋梁，是因為他們沒有工程信心。
當(dāng)然，這還是令人印象深刻的結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)人們說古人能建造我們現(xiàn)代無法再建造的結(jié)構(gòu)，或者其他類似的一些廢話時，我總是有點生氣。

idan_zamir
Gobekli Tepe definitely counts in my book. It is around 12,000 years old! An incredible a achivement for the time.

哥貝克力石陣在我的這里肯定很重要。它大約有12000歲了！這是一個不可思議的成就。

（哥貝克力石陣）

Andrewescocia
yuppers needs more exposure, if i was of a conspiratorial mind i would say the history of it is being repressed so they don't have to rip up all the text books and start again,

對噠，它需要更多的曝光，如果我是一個陰謀論者，我會說，它的歷史正在故意被壓制，這樣他們就不必撕毀現(xiàn)在所有的教科書，重新編過。

Andrewescocia
That'll confuse the hell out of archaeologists from 4000 AD.
I'm sure they will think we all worshipped a god called "Starbucks" anyway.
"Any town of import would have a shrine dedicated to Starbucks, worship was done by consuming a psychoactive beverage and the shrines where believed to stimulate trade and discourse"

“于是公元4000年開始的考古學(xué)家們就會搞糊涂”
我相信他們會認(rèn)為我們都崇拜一個叫“星巴克”的神。
“任何重要的小鎮(zhèn)都會有一個專門為星巴克服務(wù)的神社，崇拜是通過飲用一種精神飲料和那些被認(rèn)為能刺激貿(mào)易和言論的神社來完成的”

torn-ainbow
The Budj Bim eel traps. Aboriginal people changed the landscape around an exctinct volcano, carving channels and creating dams to create an ancient aquaculture system that provided them food all year round.
The eel traps at Budj Bim comprise a vast network of weirs, dams and stone canals to manipulate water levels in various lake basins. Some of the channels are hundreds of metres long and were dug out of basalt lava flow.
These structures force eels and other aquatic life into traps as water levels rise and fall. The canals also appear to have been used to create holding ponds to keep eels fresh until they were needed for food. Not only did this provide the region’s Gunditjmara people with a year-round food supply, it was also important for trade.
Located in southwest Victoria, Budj Bim has been carbon dated to 6600 years old, meaning it predates more internationally well-known examples of ancient engineering like the Egyptian pyramids or Stonehenge.

我認(rèn)為是布吉必姆鰻魚陷阱，土著人改變了一座火山周圍的景觀，雕刻了通道，建造了水壩，以建立一個古老的水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)，全年為他們提供食物。
“布吉必姆的鰻魚陷阱包括一個巨大的堰、水壩和石渠網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以操縱各種湖泊盆地的水位。 其中一些通道有數(shù)百米長，是從玄武巖熔巖流中挖出來的。
隨著水位的上升和下降，這些結(jié)構(gòu)迫使鰻魚和其他水生生物進(jìn)入陷阱。這些通道似乎也被用來建造池塘，以保持鰻魚的新鮮，直到他們需要食物。這不僅為該地區(qū)的貢第杰馬若人提供了全年的糧食供應(yīng)，而且對貿(mào)易也很重要。
布吉必姆位于維多利亞西南部，它的碳齡已達(dá)6600年，這意味著它早于更多國際知名的古代工程例子，如埃及金字塔或巨石陣?！?br>

（布吉必姆的鰻魚陷阱）

laszlo92
The irrigation systems by the Khmer around Angkor Wat are simply astounding. In a quite rough and unhospitable environment creating a place with that sort of irrigation supporting a complex society is a wonder.

吳哥窟周圍的高棉人的灌溉系統(tǒng)簡直令人震驚。在一個相當(dāng)粗糙和不適宜居住的環(huán)境中，創(chuàng)造一個有這種灌溉系統(tǒng)支持復(fù)雜社會的地方是一個奇跡。

DarthRevan456
Aren't those medi though?

不過這不是中世紀(jì)的嗎？

DarthRevan456
Angkor is pretty amazing though

不過，吳哥窟真的很神奇

（卡爾納克巨石遺跡）

joftheholly
Newgrange passage tomb in Ireland- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newgrange
The sun lights up the inner chamber on the shortest day of the year showing impressive knowledge for a structure built 3200 BC in Ireland

愛爾蘭的紐格蘭奇長廊式墓室-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newgrange
太陽會在一年中最短的一天照亮內(nèi)室，這個愛爾蘭公元前3200年建造的一個結(jié)構(gòu)展現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時的人們令人印象深刻的知識

（紐格蘭奇長廊式墓室）

[dexed]
I would say the Moai on Easter Island. There are about a thousand of them, they weigh more than 10 tons on average. Because of the European invasion in the second half of the 19th century, almost nothing is known about the symbolism of these statues or how the Rapa Nui transported and erected them.

我想說的是復(fù)活節(jié)島上的石像。它們大約有一千個，平均重量超過10噸。
由于19世紀(jì)下半葉的歐洲入侵，幾乎沒有人知道這些雕像的象征意義或拉帕努伊島人是如何運輸和豎立它們的。

（復(fù)活節(jié)島石像）

boy_wolf
Some archaeologists recently made a pretty reasonable assertion the Maoi were used as markers for farms & fresh water sources. The commonly held theory about their transportation is that Rapa Nui was once forested, but deforested in the process of rolling the giant stones around on logs.

一些考古學(xué)家最近做出了一個相當(dāng)合理的斷言，這些石像被用作農(nóng)場和淡水來源的標(biāo)記。 關(guān)于他們運輸?shù)钠毡槔碚撌?，拉帕努伊島曾經(jīng)是森林，但為了用來滾動巨大的石頭在這個過程中被砍伐完了。

CommandoDude
how the Rapa Nui transported and erected them.
Actually that's pretty well known, they were transported using trees (why the Island is now deforested).

“拉帕努伊人是如何運輸和豎立它們的?！?br>事實上，這是眾所周知的，他們是用樹木運輸?shù)模ㄟ@就是為什么這個島現(xiàn)在是光禿禿的）。

[dexed]
Almost nothing is known for sure, I would say (no written or orally transmitted testimonies). Some research was done and I think the use of trees is the most probable hypothesis indeed. But I'll look into it again, see if no one disputes that anymore. That's a good point you made in any case

我想說，幾乎沒有什么是可以確定的（沒有書面或口頭轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)的證詞）。一些研究已經(jīng)完成，我認(rèn)為使用樹木確實是最可能的假設(shè)。但我會再查一遍，看看有沒有人再對此有異議。不管怎樣，你說的觀點很好。

CommandoDude
The soil erosion on the island basically confirms there used to be trees.

島上的土壤侵蝕基本上證實了曾經(jīng)有樹木。