原文標題：
Indian drugmakers
A bitter syrup
The world’s pharmacy faces fresh accusations of corner-cutting
印度制藥商
苦糖漿
世界藥房面臨著新投機取巧的指控

A scandal rocks India’s pharmaceutical industry
Can the world’s pharmacy escape a reputation for poor quality control?
一樁丑聞撼動了印度制藥業(yè)
世界藥房能擺脫質(zhì)量控制不佳的壞名聲嗎？

[Paragraph 1]
IT IS THE stuff of parental nightmares. Between July and October 70 children in Gambia died of kidney failure. In December 18 perished in Uzbekistan from renal problems and acute respiratory disease.

這是父母的噩夢。7月至10月，岡比亞有70名兒童死于腎衰竭。12月，烏茲別克斯坦有18名兒童死于因腎臟問題和急性呼吸道疾病。

In both cases Indian-made cough syrups may have been at fault, according to allegations by a Gambian parliamentary committee and the Uzbek authorities.
根據(jù)岡比亞議會委員會和烏茲別克斯坦當局的指控，在這兩起案件中，印度制造的止咳糖漿可能都有問題。

[Paragraph 2]
The manufacturer in the Uzbek case, Marion Biotech, has been suspended from Pharmexcil, an Indian government-linked trade group that plays a role in pharmaceutical exports; the firm’s website appears to be down.

烏茲別克斯坦案件中的制造商“馬立昂生技”已被Pharmexil停止制藥生產(chǎn)活動，且公司網(wǎng)站似乎已關(guān)閉。Pharmexil是印度政府關(guān)聯(lián)的貿(mào)易集團，在藥品出口中發(fā)揮重要作用。

An executive for Maiden Pharma, which produced the medicine used in Gambia, told an Indian newspaper that the company was shocked and saddened by the deaths.

岡比亞案件中的藥商Maiden Pharma公司的高管對印度報紙說，本公司對死亡事件感到震驚和悲傷。

The firm posted a report on its Facebook page claiming that a government drug-testing lab in India had found its syrup to be problem-free; unpersuaded Gambian parliamentarians recommended that Maiden should be prosecuted.

該公司在其Facebook頁面上發(fā)布了一份聲明，稱印度的政府藥物檢測實驗室發(fā)現(xiàn)本公司糖漿沒有問題；岡比亞議員們不相信這套說辭，并建議起訴Maiden公司。

Neither firm responded to The Economist’s requests for comment.
涉案兩家公司都沒有回應(yīng)本報的置評請求。

[Paragraph 3]
Both companies are small and privately held. A causal link between their products and the deaths has not been proved.

這兩家公司都是小型私人控股企業(yè)。他們的產(chǎn)品與死亡之間的因果關(guān)系尚未得到證實。

Sample tests in India have so far cleared Maiden of blame; an investigation of Marion has just begun.

到目前為止，印度的樣本測試已經(jīng)消除了Maiden公司的責任；而對馬里昂公司的調(diào)查才剛剛開始。

Yet the incidents have touched a raw nerve in India’s vast pharmaceutical industry, where around 10,000 factories operated by 3,000 firms churn out nearly $50bn-worth of drugs a year, accounting for 20% of the world’s and 40% of America’s generics supply by value.
然而，這些事件觸動了印度龐大制藥業(yè)的神經(jīng)，3000家公司經(jīng)營著1萬家工廠，每年生產(chǎn)價值近500億美元的藥品，占全球仿制藥供應(yīng)量的20%及美國仿制藥供應(yīng)量的40%。

[Paragraph 4]
The world’s pharmacy, as India’s drugmakers like to call themselves, is no stranger to scandal.

印度制藥商喜歡自稱為“世界藥房”，但丑聞屢見不鮮。

In 2022 America’s Food and Drug Administration issued “import alerts” to four large Indian companies.

2022年，美國食品和藥物管理局對四家大型印度公司發(fā)布了“進口警告”。

Such notifications, which usually follow inspections of foreign factories, could lead to exports to America being blocked without physical evidence that a particular shipment is bad.
此類通知通常是FDA對外國工廠進行檢查之后發(fā)出的，可能在沒有具體證據(jù)證明某批貨物是壞的情況下，導(dǎo)致出口到美國的產(chǎn)品受阻。

[Paragraph 5]
Concerns about corner-cutting and poor quality control are the long-standing flip-side of the rock-bottom prices that have fuelled the industry’s rise in India in the past few decades.

過去幾十年里，藥物最低價加速了印度制藥業(yè)的崛起，然而這背后是長期以來的偷工減料和質(zhì)量控制不力。

In a new book, “The Truth Pill: The Myth of Drug Regulation in India”, Dinesh Singh Thakur, a former industry executive, and Prashant Reddy, a lawyer, document at least five cases of dangerous medications entering the market, each causing multiple fatalities, since the 1970s.

在一本新書《仿制藥的真相：印度沒有藥神》中，前業(yè)內(nèi)高管迪內(nèi)什·辛格·塔庫爾和律師普拉尚特·雷迪記錄了自20世紀70年代以來，至少5起危險藥物進入市場的案例，每起案例都造成多人死亡。

In many more instances shabby manufacturing methods could lead to medicines that are ineffective.

在許多情況下，劣質(zhì)制造方法可能導(dǎo)致藥物失效。

These shortcomings are obscured by a complex and opaque inspection regime, says Mr Reddy.

雷迪表示，這些缺點被復(fù)雜而不透明的檢查制度所掩蓋。

Concerns aired by critics like him and Mr Thakur are often ignored—or met with threatening legal notices from the government for supposedly tarnishing the domestic industry’s reputation.
像他和塔庫爾這樣的批評者擔憂的聲音經(jīng)常被忽視--或者因所謂的玷污了國內(nèi)制藥業(yè)的聲譽而收到政府威脅性的法律通告。

[Paragraph 6]
The government’s initial response to the latest tragedies has been lethargic and has lacked a detailed public examination of the relevant supply chains, says Mr Reddy.

雷迪先生說，政府對最新悲劇事件的最初反應(yīng)很遲鈍，并且缺乏對相關(guān)供應(yīng)鏈的詳細公開審查。

History offers little hope of a swift conclusion. One case in Mumbai, which involved the deaths of 14 people in a big hospital in 1988, is still being litigated.

歷史表明這類事件幾乎不可能迅速結(jié)案。例如孟買的一起案件，1988年一家大醫(yī)院涉及14人死亡，目前仍在訴訟中。

Such foot-dragging risks the lives of more patients. It also ultimately harms India’s drugmakers, whose health is inextricably bound up with that of their customers.
這種拖延行為會危及更多患者的生命。最終這也會害了印度制藥商，因為他們的健康發(fā)展與客戶的健康密不可分。

（恭喜讀完，本篇英語詞匯量560左右）
原文出自：2023年1月7日《The Economist》Business版塊。

精讀筆記來源于：自由英語之路

本文翻譯整理: Irene本文編輯校對: Irene
僅供個人英語學(xué)習交流使用。

【補充資料】（來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)）
印度被稱為世界藥房，目前印度已經(jīng)是世界上最大的仿制藥出口國。有媒體報道，印度生產(chǎn)了全球20%的仿制藥，并使制藥業(yè)成為印度經(jīng)濟的支柱之一，坐擁著價值420億美元的制藥產(chǎn)業(yè)。目前，印度藥品出口到200多個國家，疫苗和生物制藥產(chǎn)品出口到150個國家。印度的仿制藥60%以上出口到美歐日等發(fā)達國家。

印度藥品出口促進委員會30日因Doc-1 Max制造商馬立昂生技（Marion Biotech）未能于期限內(nèi)提供相關(guān)信息而將其許可證吊銷。繼岡比亞傳出多名孩童疑因服用印度制感冒糖漿喪生后，至少19名烏茲別克斯坦兒童去年底在服用印度Doc-1 Max止咳糖漿后死亡。
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【重點句子】（3 個）
?Yet the incidents have touched a raw nerve in India’s vast pharmaceutical industry.
然而，這些事件觸動了印度龐大制藥業(yè)的神經(jīng)。

Concerns about corner-cutting and poor quality control are the long-standing flip-side of the rock-bottom prices that have fuelled the industry’s rise in India in the past few decades.
過去幾十年里，藥物最低價加速了印度制藥業(yè)的崛起，然而這背后是長期以來的偷工減料和質(zhì)量控制不力。

Such foot-dragging risks the lives of more patients. It also ultimately harms India’s drugmakers, whose health is inextricably bound up with that of their customers.
這種拖延行為會危及更多患者的生命。最終這也會害了印度制藥商，因為他們的健康發(fā)展與客戶的健康密不可分。