正文翻譯

‘We’ve had a run on champagne:’ Biggest UK banker bonuses since financial crash
-Bumper payouts are ‘kick in the teeth for everyone else suffering with the cost of living crisis’, say critics

“我們的香檳供不應求”：這是自金融危機以來英國銀行家獎金最多的一次
——批評人士說，豐厚的獎金是“對其他所有遭受生活成本危機的人的打擊”

(City workers drinking in Leadenhall Market, London.)

（在倫敦勒頓豪集市喝酒的城市工人。）
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This week British bankers will start collecting the biggest bonuses since before the 2008 global financial crisis as their employers fight an “increasingly intense war for talent”.

本周，英國銀行家將開始領取自2008年全球金融危機前以來最高的獎金，因為他們的雇主正在進行一場“日益激烈的人才爭奪戰(zhàn)”。

As most Britons face the biggest squeeze on their incomes since at least 1990, already very highly paid bankers are celebrating “particularly obscene” bonuses in the City’s pubs and wine bars.

當大多數(shù)英國人面臨著至少自1990年以來收入最大的壓榨時，已經(jīng)收入頗高的銀行家們卻在金融城的酒吧和酒吧里慶?！案叩锰貏e令人發(fā)指的”獎金。

“We have had quite the run on champagne – the poshest champagne we stock,” says James, a bartender at the New Moon on the streets of Leadenhall Market near the headquarters of many of the City of London’s banks. “They come here to celebrate when they get told their ‘number’ – the numbers seem to have been particularly obscene this year.”

“我們已經(jīng)賣掉了許多香檳——我們儲備的最豪華的香檳，”詹姆斯說，他是倫敦金融城許多銀行總部附近敦勒頓豪集市街道上的“新月”酒吧的酒保?！爱斔麄儽桓嬷约旱摹í劷穑?shù)字’時，他們來到這里慶祝——今年的數(shù)字似乎特別驚人。”

London’s mergers and acquisitions (M&A) bankers earned total fees of $3.5bn (￡2.6bn) in 2021, according to research by financial data provider Refinitiv for the Guardian. It is the highest annual total for M&A banker fees paid since Refinitiv’s records began in 2000, fuelled by a frenzy of corporate takeovers sparked by a flood of private equity cash and acquisitive American buyers preying on undervalued British targets.

金融數(shù)據(jù)提供商Refinitiv為《衛(wèi)報》開展的研究顯示，倫敦并購銀行家在2021年總共賺取了35億美元（26億英鎊）的傭金。這是自2000年Refinitiv有記錄以來，并購銀行家支付的最高年度費用總額。私人股本資金的涌入，以及收購價值被低估的英國目標公司的美國買家，引發(fā)了一波企業(yè)收購熱潮，推動了這一熱潮。

That money is now set to be returned to bankers in their bonuses. London’s big four banks – HSBC, Barclays, Lloyds Banking Group and NatWest – are expected to pay out bonuses totalling more than ￡4bn when they report their annual results in the next fortnight. Combined, the banks’ annual profits are expected to exceed ￡34bn – the most since 2007 in the boom before the financial crisis.

這筆錢現(xiàn)在將作為獎金返還給銀行家。倫敦的四大銀行——匯豐銀行、巴克萊銀行、勞埃德銀行集團和國民西敏西方銀行——預計將在未來兩周公布年度業(yè)績時，發(fā)放總計逾40億英鎊的獎金。兩家銀行的年度利潤合計預計將超過340億英鎊，為2007年金融危機前繁榮期以來的最高水平。

The bankers’ huge paydays come days after the governor of the Bank of England, Andrew Bailey, who was paid ￡575,538 last year, called on workers across the country not to ask their bosses for pay rises to help control inflation, which has soared to a 30-year high of 5.4%.

就在銀行家們高薪日的幾天前，英國央行行長安德魯·貝利呼吁全國各地的工人們?yōu)榱丝刂仆ㄘ浥蛎洠ㄒ扬j升至30年來的最高點——5.4%）不要向老板要求加薪。去年，貝利的年薪為575538英鎊。
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Gary Smith, general secretary of the GMB unx, which represents 600,000 mostly frontline workers, said: “These sky-high banker bonuses are a kick in the teeth for everyone suffering with the cost of living crisis. I hope Andrew Bailey tells his banking mates to show the same ‘restraint’ he so readily demands from underpaid workers in the rest of the economy.

主要代表60萬名一線工人的英國總工會秘書長加里·史密斯表示：“對于每個因生活成本危機而煎熬的人來說，銀行家的這些天價獎金是一個沉重打擊。我希望安德魯·貝利能告訴他的銀行業(yè)伙伴，要表現(xiàn)出與其他經(jīng)濟領域薪資過低的員工同樣的 ‘克制’”。

“Essential workers, like our nation’s carers, often earn pennies above the minimum wage,” Smith said. “Mr Bailey should step out of his banking bubble and shadow these workers to see the people who actually deserve a proper pay rise.”

史密斯說：“像我們國家的護理人員這樣的基本工人，他們的收入往往只比最低工資高出幾分錢。貝利先生應該走出他的銀行泡泡，去看看這些工人，看看那些真正應該得到適當加薪的人?！?/p>

The bumper bonuses will tip several hundred more UK bankers into the EU’s “high earners” warning report which details every banker earning more than €1m (￡835,000) a year. The European Banking Authority (EBA) found that 3,519 bankers working in the UK earned more than €1m-a-year last year – more than seven times as many as those working in Germany which has the second highest number of €1m-a-year bankers.

歐盟的“高收入者”警告報告詳細列出了每一位年收入超過100萬歐元（83.5萬英鎊）的銀行家。歐洲銀行管理局發(fā)現(xiàn)，去年有3519名在英國工作的銀行家年收入超過100萬歐元，是德國銀行家年收入超過100萬歐元人數(shù)（排在第二位）的7倍多。

The EBA figures show 27 UK bankers earned more than €10m in 2019 (the latest year available). Two UK-based asset managers were paid between €38m and €39m, and one merchant banker was paid €64.8m. That banker received fixed pay of €242,000, topped up with a bonus of €64.6m.

歐洲銀行管理局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2019年（現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)的最近一年），有27名英國銀行家的收入超過1000萬歐元。兩名駐英國的資產經(jīng)理的薪酬在3800萬歐元至3900萬歐元之間，一名商業(yè)銀行家的薪酬為6480萬歐元。這名銀行家的固定薪酬為24.2萬歐元，外加6460萬歐元的獎金。

Frances O’Grady, the general secretary of trade unx body the TUC, said the huge increase in bankers’ pay was “an insult to working families across Britain”.

英國勞工聯(lián)合會秘書長弗朗西斯·奧格雷迪表示，銀行家薪酬的大幅增長是“對全英國工薪家庭的侮辱”。

“While millions struggle with the cost of living, executive bankers are set to receive yet another cash windfall,” she said. “At a time when workers are being told not to ask for a decent pay rise, no such restraint is being asked of the City. We should be holding down bonuses, not ordinary people’s wages.”

她說：“當數(shù)百萬人在為生活成本而掙扎時，高管銀行家們又將獲得一筆意外之財。在員工被告知不要要求合理的加薪之際，倫敦金融城卻沒有被要求采取這種限制措施。我們應該控制他們的獎金，而不是普通老百姓的工資?！?/p>

Luke Hildyard, the director of the High Pay Centre, which campaigns for executive pay restraint, said: “Decades of economic deference to the super rich have brought us to a point where bankers are raking in historic pay awards while the rest of the country is crippled by rising prices and wage stagnation.

倡導限制高管薪酬的“高收入中心”的主任盧克·希爾德亞德說：“幾十年來，經(jīng)濟上對超級富豪的尊從，讓我們看到了這樣一種局面：銀行家們獲得了歷史性的薪酬獎勵，而英國其他地區(qū)卻受到物價上漲和工資停滯的拖累。

“This wealth isn’t ever going to trickle down without action from policymakers. It’s in the interests of everybody, not least the banks’ shareholders, customers and lower-paid workers who ultimately bear the cost of these awards, that we strengthen employment rights, corporate governance and progressive taxation to build an economy that works for everyone.”

“如果政策制定者不采取行動，這些財富永遠不會涓滴而下。我們應該加強就業(yè)權利、公司治理和累進稅收，以建設一個適合所有人的經(jīng)濟，這符合所有人的利益，尤其是銀行股東、客戶和最終要為這些獎金付出代價的低收入工人。”

Figures released on Tuesday by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showed that average pay in the public sector rose by 2.6% between October and December 2021, while those working in business and finance saw their pay grow by 8.1% due to “an increase in bonus payments”.

英國國家統(tǒng)計局周二發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年10月至12月，公共部門的平均工資增長了2.6%，而商業(yè)和金融行業(yè)的工資增長了8.1%，原因是“獎金支付增加了”。

NatWest, the first of the banks to report its results, is expected on Friday to post a ￡4bn profit for 2021 compared with a ￡351m loss in 2020. The bank, which is still more than 50% owned by the taxpayer following its bailout during the financial crisis, is expected by analysts to pay bonuses of almost ￡300m up from just over ￡200m last year.

國民西敏寺銀行是首家公布財報的銀行，預計將于周五公布2021年盈利40億英鎊，而2020年虧損3.51億英鎊。在金融危機期間獲得救助后，該銀行仍有超過50%的股份由納稅人持有，分析師預計該行將支付近3億英鎊的獎金，而去年僅為2億多英鎊。

Barclays is expected by City analysts to report profits of just over ￡8bn next Wednesday, which would lead to bonus payouts of more than ￡1.9bn – up ￡300m on the previous year. A big chunk of the bonus pool will be paid to Jes Staley, Barclays’ former chief executive who quit in November amid an inquiry into his lixs to convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Staley is still in line for bonus payments of up to ￡22m over the next six years if the bank hits its profit and share price targets.

倫敦金融城分析師預計，巴克萊下周三將公布略高于80億英鎊的利潤，這意味著該行將發(fā)放逾19億英鎊的獎金，較上年增長3億英鎊。獎金池中的一大部分將支付給巴克萊前首席執(zhí)行官杰斯·斯特利，他因與被定罪的性犯罪者杰弗里·愛潑斯坦的關系而于去年11月辭職。如果該行實現(xiàn)利潤和股價目標，斯特利仍將在未來6年獲得最高2200萬英鎊的獎金。

Lloyds, which paid no bonuses for 2020, is expected to pay out hundreds of millions in bonuses for 2021 as profits exceed analysts’ expectations.

勞埃德銀行2020年沒有發(fā)放獎金，但預計2021年將發(fā)放數(shù)億美元獎金，因為其利潤超過了分析師的預期。

HSBC, which cut its bonuses by 15% last year but still paid out almost ￡2bn, is expected to significantly increase its pool this year and double bonuses paid to junior investment bankers. Greg Guyett, HSBC’s co-head of the global banking and markets division, last month said that HSBC was feeling the industrywide “upward pressure” on pay. “We’ve got to keep pay across the board competitive,” he said.

匯豐銀行去年削減了15%的獎金，但仍發(fā)放了近20億英鎊的獎金，預計今年將大幅增加其獎金池，并向初級投資銀行家支付雙倍獎金。匯豐全球銀行和市場部門聯(lián)席主管格雷格·蓋耶特上月表示，整個行業(yè)都感受到了薪酬方面的“上行壓力”。他表示：“我們必須讓薪酬整體保持競爭力?！?/p>

It is not just in the UK that banks are raising bonuses in a global war for talent in the highly competitive M&A world. French bank Société Générale last week said it would “massively” increase its bonuses in order to attract and retain talent.

在競爭激烈的并購領域，在全球爭奪人才的戰(zhàn)爭中，提高獎金的不僅僅是英國的銀行。法國興業(yè)銀行上周表示，將“大幅”增加獎金，以吸引和留住人才。

In Germany, Christian Sewing, chief executive of Deutsche Bank, the nation’s largest bank, said last month: “We are very concerned about the increasingly intense war for talent and the wage developments in our industry. But it is also clear that we cannot and do not want to avoid this competition, because we too want to have and keep the best talent in our bank.”

在德國，德國最大銀行德意志銀行首席執(zhí)行官克里斯蒂安·西寧上月表示：“我們非常擔心我們行業(yè)日益激烈的人才爭奪戰(zhàn)和薪資形勢。但同樣明顯的是，我們不能也不想避免這種競爭，因為我們也希望擁有并留住最好的人才?！?/p>