PROLOGUE

序言

In 1967 telepathy pulsed in code from Moscow to Leningrad while sophisticated space-age equipment monitored the brain of the receiver. Soviet scientists say that with the help of the machines they were able to decode the message; they say they were able to transmit words telepathically from mind-to-mind across four hundred miles of space. In other parts of Russia, technical magazines and universities reported something even more startling than computerized telepathy. They published photographs of beautiful colored lights flickering on and around the human body. Was this the “aura” psychics had long talked about? “Electric flames light up, then flares of blue and orange. Great channels of blazing, violet, fiery flashes. It’s fantastic, alluring, a mysterious game—a fire world!” said usually circumspect scientists. According to the Soviets, they’d devised a machine that allows anyone to view the fabled, color-filled aura, usually visible only to psychics.

1967年，心靈感應(yīng)以代碼形式從莫斯科傳送到列寧格勒，同時(shí)復(fù)雜的太空時(shí)代設(shè)備監(jiān)測(cè)接收者的大腦。蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家聲稱，在這些機(jī)器的幫助下，他們能夠解碼這條信息，能夠通過(guò)四百英里的空間進(jìn)行心靈傳輸。在俄羅斯的其他地區(qū)，技術(shù)雜志和大學(xué)報(bào)導(dǎo)了比計(jì)算機(jī)心靈傳輸更令人吃驚的事情。他們刊登了人體周圍美麗彩色光芒的照片。這就是通常被通靈者所談?wù)摰?#34;光環(huán)"嗎？通常謹(jǐn)慎的科學(xué)家們表示："電火焰閃耀，藍(lán)色和橙色的火焰。熾熱的紫色火光迸發(fā)。這真是奇妙、誘人、神秘的游戲——一個(gè)火焰世界！" 根據(jù)蘇聯(lián)的說(shuō)法，他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一臺(tái)機(jī)器，可以讓任何人看到傳說(shuō)中充滿色彩的光環(huán)，這通常只能被通靈者看到。

In the Baltic, Soviet geologists walked with dowsing rods; in the Urals they experimented with eyeless sight; by the Black Sea they studied the hands of a psychic healer. Parapsychology, nonexistent just a decade before, was suddenly flourishing all over the U.S.S.R. A rather unlikely chain of events led us over a three-year period to become embroiled in this surprising renaissance of psychic research in a Communist country. Aside from the books, articles, plays, and poetry each of us writes in very different fields, we have for several years been writing articles about the Soviet Union. One of us had traveled extensively in Russia in 1961 on a graduate student tour. Our articles covered not Iron Curtain politics, but life behind the lace curtains of everyday Russia. If coexistence with the Soviets is necessary, it seems reasonable to try to know something about them.

在波羅的海地區(qū)，蘇聯(lián)地質(zhì)學(xué)家手持尋水杖；在烏拉爾地區(qū)，他們進(jìn)行無(wú)眼之視的實(shí)驗(yàn)；在黑海地區(qū)，他們研究了一名通靈治療師的手。超心理學(xué)，十年前還不存在，突然在整個(gè)蘇聯(lián)開始興盛。在過(guò)去三年中，我們不可思議地卷入了這個(gè)共產(chǎn)主義國(guó)家中超心理學(xué)研究的復(fù)興之中。除了各自從事完全不同領(lǐng)域的書籍、文章、戲劇和詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作外，我們數(shù)年來(lái)一直在撰寫關(guān)于蘇聯(lián)的文章。我們中的一位在1961年曾在俄羅斯廣泛旅行，參加研究生之旅。我們的文章涵蓋的內(nèi)容并不是鐵幕背后的政治，而是日常俄羅斯的生活。如果必須與蘇聯(lián)和平共存，了解一些關(guān)于他們的事情似乎是合理的。

In Soviet journals and magazines, we began to come across some very unusual material about life in Russia—articles on psychic phenomena. Soviet scientists were asking publicly, “What is man?” Do we have unused, undreamed of potentials? Can parapsychology melt the barriers and create the supernormal human being? These were heady questions to read in Soviet publications.

在蘇聯(lián)的期刊和雜志上，我們開始接觸到一些非常不尋常的關(guān)于俄羅斯生活的材料——關(guān)于心靈現(xiàn)象的文章。蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家公開詢問(wèn)："人是什么？"我們是否擁有未被利用和未曾夢(mèng)想的潛力？超心理學(xué)能否消除障礙，創(chuàng)造超常人類？這些問(wèn)題在蘇聯(lián)出版物中看到確實(shí)讓人興奮。

In 1966 the influential journal Science and Religion put out a special issue, No. 3, on current Russian telepathy research. Outstanding Soviets called for further scientific investigations of telepathy. They included such notables as: Dr. Nikolai Semyonov, a Nobel prize winner in chemistry and Vice President of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.; Academicians Dr. M. Leontovich, Dr. A. Mints,67* Dr. P. V. Rebinder, a leading physical chemist;175 Dr. Gleb Frank, Director of the “Science City” Pushchino, near Moscow.67 Marxist philosophers spoke out in no uncertain terms. “. . . critics (of telepathy research) are only using Marxism-Leninism . . . to support their scientific . . . conservatism. All who throw obstacles in the path of scientific progress should be made to suffer . . ”. thundered Dr. V. Tugarinov, head of the Philosophy Department of the University of Leningrad.393, 230, 112

1966年，具有影響力的期刊《科學(xué)與宗教》（Science and Religion）發(fā)表了特刊，第3期，關(guān)于當(dāng)前俄羅斯心靈感應(yīng)研究的報(bào)導(dǎo)。杰出的蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家呼吁進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行心靈感應(yīng)的科學(xué)研究。他們包括如下著名人物：尼古拉·謝繆諾夫博士，諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主，蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)；學(xué)院院士列昂托維奇博士、明茨博士、列賓德博士，一位領(lǐng)先的物理化學(xué)家；弗蘭克博士，位于莫斯科附近"科學(xué)城"普什奇諾的主任。馬克思主義哲學(xué)家也毫不含糊地表態(tài)。列寧格勒大學(xué)哲學(xué)系主任沃洛佳·圖加林諾夫博士咆哮道："...批評(píng)者（對(duì)心靈感應(yīng)研究）只是利用馬克思列寧主義...支持他們的科學(xué)...保守主義。所有阻礙科學(xué)進(jìn)步的人都應(yīng)該受到懲罰..."。

It was a very Slavic and more gutsy remark than those we’d heard from most American psychic investigators. Both of us were actively interested in the psychic side of human experience. We’d written of it occasionally, we’d tried to keep up with new developments in psychology and parapsychology, we were members of the American Society for Psychical Research. With the idea of writing an article on the sudden Soviet interest in the paranormal, we started corresponding with Communist scientists. Soon we had enough information to write several articles—enough to write a book.

這句話比大多數(shù)美國(guó)通靈研究者說(shuō)的更具斯拉夫人的勇氣。我們兩人對(duì)人類經(jīng)驗(yàn)中超心理學(xué)方面感興趣。我們偶爾寫一些相關(guān)的東西，努力跟進(jìn)心理學(xué)和超心理學(xué)的最新進(jìn)展，我們也是美國(guó)通靈研究協(xié)會(huì)的成員。為了撰寫一篇關(guān)于蘇聯(lián)突然對(duì)超心理學(xué)興趣的文章，我們開始與共產(chǎn)主義科學(xué)家通信。很快，我們收集到了足夠的信息寫出幾篇文章——足夠?qū)懸槐緯?/p>

More important, it became apparent that something unusual actually was happening in Russia—something little known and, from the Western viewpoint, wildly ironic. While people in the West refused to believe that such a strange beast as Soviet ESP existed, we were reading how top-caliber Soviet scientists had already made significant breakthroughs in psychic research, a field usually ignored by Western science.

更重要的是，顯然在俄羅斯發(fā)生了一些不尋常的事情——一些在西方視角看來(lái)幾乎未知且非常諷刺的事情。當(dāng)西方的人們拒絕相信蘇聯(lián)超心靈現(xiàn)象這種奇怪的東西時(shí)，我們卻讀到了頂尖的蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)家在超心理學(xué)研究方面已經(jīng)取得了顯著的突破，而這在西方科學(xué)界通常被忽視。

What did this Communist move into the psychic dimension mean? What did it mean scientifically, politically, culturally, philosophically? There were no handy sources with answers. Western Soviet watchers don’t seem very interested in ESP, and most American parapsychologists are not amateur Kremlinologists in their spare hours. That’s why, when in 1967 we were invited to a forthcoming conference on ESP in Moscow, we decided to accept. We decided to try to get the feeling and the story firsthand of this Communist probing into the psychic, the paranormal side of being. By the time our trip through Russia, Bulgaria, and Czechoslovakia was over, our originally slender baggage had grown to three hundred overweight pounds of research material. We hope that some of the scientific and technical data we brought back, which cannot be included in a general book, will eventually be published for specialists in various fields. (Further details will be found in the appendix and bibliography.)

共產(chǎn)黨進(jìn)軍超心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域意味著什么？在科學(xué)、政治、文化、哲學(xué)上意味著什么？沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的答案來(lái)源。西方對(duì)蘇聯(lián)的觀察者似乎對(duì)超心理學(xué)不太感興趣，而大多數(shù)美國(guó)超心理學(xué)家在閑暇時(shí)并不是兼職的克里姆林宮學(xué)家。這就是為什么，當(dāng)我們?cè)?967年被邀請(qǐng)參加莫斯科舉行的一次超心理學(xué)會(huì)議時(shí)，我們決定接受邀請(qǐng)。我們決定親自感受并了解這個(gè)共產(chǎn)主義國(guó)家對(duì)心靈、存在的超常側(cè)面的探索故事。在我們穿越俄羅斯、保加利亞和捷克斯洛伐克的旅程結(jié)束時(shí)，我們?cè)旧倭康男欣钜呀?jīng)增加到300磅超重的研究材料。我們希望將其中一些科學(xué)和技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)，這些無(wú)法放入一般書籍的數(shù)據(jù)，最終發(fā)表給各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專家。（詳細(xì)信息將在附錄和參考書目中找到。）

There are some facets of the story and of the documentation of ESP in Communist lands which we cannot reveal at the moment. Perhaps one day, as political conditions change, we can round the story out. In the case of private individuals who gave us material, we have occasionally disguised sources to protect them. In no case have we disguised any scientists mentioned nor have we in any way changed or distorted reports of the work being done.

關(guān)于在共產(chǎn)主義國(guó)家中超心理學(xué)的故事和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，有些方面我們現(xiàn)在不能透露。也許有一天，隨著政治條件的變化，我們可以完整地講述這個(gè)故事。對(duì)于提供給我們資料的個(gè)人，我們有時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)行偽裝以保護(hù)他們的身份。在任何情況下，我們并沒(méi)有偽裝提及的科學(xué)家，也沒(méi)有改變或歪曲任何關(guān)于他們工作的報(bào)導(dǎo)。

This is the story of what we saw, heard, and read about ESP behind the Iron Curtain. We would have to be megalomaniacs to think that scores of highly reputable scientists from centers across the Soviet Union and the satellite countries all conspired to publish data for a decade and to bluff through interviews to impress us when we happened to meet them. We have recorded what the Communist scientists report they have discovered about ESP. Whether Communist observations and theories about psychic happenings are right or not can only be determined by further investigations East and West.

這是我們?cè)阼F幕背后看到、聽到和閱讀到的關(guān)于超心理學(xué)的故事。如果我們認(rèn)為來(lái)自蘇聯(lián)各地和衛(wèi)星國(guó)家的數(shù)十位高聲譽(yù)的科學(xué)家們都密謀了十年的數(shù)據(jù)出版和通過(guò)面談來(lái)給我們留下深刻印象，那我們將是妄自尊大的。我們記錄了共產(chǎn)主義科學(xué)家們報(bào)告的有關(guān)超心理學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。關(guān)于共產(chǎn)主義者對(duì)心靈現(xiàn)象的觀察和理論是否正確，只能通過(guò)東西方的進(jìn)一步調(diào)查來(lái)確定。

But, as Vladimir Mutshall wrote of current Soviet telepathy research in the American Foreign Science Bulletin, Vol. 4, No. 8.336: "If the Russian reports are even partly true, and if mind-to-mind thought transference can be used for such things as interplanetary communications or the guiding of interplanetary spacecraft, the reports will obviously have overwhelming significance".

但是，正如弗拉基米爾·穆特舍爾在《美國(guó)外交科學(xué)公報(bào)》（American Foreign Science Bulletin）第4卷第8期中對(duì)當(dāng)前蘇聯(lián)心靈感應(yīng)研究所寫道："如果俄羅斯的報(bào)告即使只是部分屬實(shí)，而且如果心靈之間的思維傳遞可以用于宇宙間的通信或指導(dǎo)星際飛船，那么這些報(bào)告顯然具有重大意義"。