通過監(jiān)測多個診斷化學(xué)標(biāo)記物來鑒定和區(qū)分人參，西洋參和三七。
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B?(?IF?7.097?)?Pub Date?:?2016-11-08?, DOI:?10.1016/j.apsb.2016.05.005
Wenzhi Yang,Xue Qiao,Kai Li,Jingran Fan,Tao Bo,De-An Guo,Min Ye

在中藥復(fù)方制劑中區(qū)分同屬物種的中藥（TCM）通常具有挑戰(zhàn)性。人參（PG），西洋參（PQ）和三七（PN）的根用作流行的中藥。它們含有類似的三萜皂苷（人參皂苷）作為主要的生物活性成分。迄今為止，僅發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些化學(xué)標(biāo)記來區(qū)分這三個物種。在本文中，我們提出了一種多標(biāo)記物檢測方法，以有效地區(qū)分三種人參物種，并在化合物制劑中進行鑒定。首先，使用經(jīng)過驗證的LC-MS指紋圖譜方法，通過監(jiān)測提取的離子色譜圖（EIC）中的40種主要人參皂苷，對85批次的粗制藥物樣品（包括32 PG，30 PQ和23 PN）進行了分析。其次，使用PLS-DA和OPLS-DA模型，通過模式識別化學(xué)計量學(xué)方法將樣品分為不同的組，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了17種診斷化學(xué)標(biāo)記。除了先前已知的Rf和p-F11，人參皂苷Rs1可能是區(qū)分PG和PQ的新標(biāo)記。最后，使用上述多種化學(xué)標(biāo)記物鑒定了60批次中藥復(fù)方制劑中的人參種類。

Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers.

To differentiate traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) derived from congeneric species in TCM compound preparations is usually challenging. The roots of Panax ginseng (PG), Panax quinquefolium (PQ) and Panax notoginseng (PN) are used as popular TCM. They contain similar triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides) as the major bioactive constituents. Thus far, only a few chemical markers have been discovered to differentiate these three species. Herein we present a multiple marker detection approach to effectively differentiate the three Panax species, and to identify them in compound preparations. Firstly, 85 batches of crude drug samples (including 32 PG, 30 PQ, and 23 PN) were analyzed by monitoring 40 major ginsenosides in the extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) using a validated LC-MS fingerprinting method. Secondly, the samples were clustered into different groups by pattern recognition chemometric approaches using PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models, and 17 diagnostic chemical markers were discovered. Aside from the previously known Rf and p-F11, ginsenoside Rs1 could be a new marker to differentiate PG from PQ. Finally, the above multiple chemical markers were used to identify the Panax species in 60 batches of TCM compound preparations.