多鄰國世界語新版Tips and Notes Possessive 物主代詞篇(中英對(duì)照)

Possessive pronouns
物主代詞
Possessive personal pronouns (also known as possessive adjectives) are words like "my" and "your" in English. Unlike in English, these words are completely regular in Esperanto. Just add -a to the end of a pronoun to turn it into its possessive form.
在英語里面“my”和“your”這一類單詞叫做物主代詞(或者稱物主形容詞)。不像英語,在世界語里面,這些詞的變化很有規(guī)律,直接在代詞后面加詞尾“-a”就能夠得到它的物主代詞形式。

Like other words ending in -a the possessives also take the -j (plural) and -n (accusative) ending when required.
跟其他以-a結(jié)尾的單詞一樣,在有必要的時(shí)候,物主代詞同樣要加-j(復(fù)數(shù))和-n(賓格)
Jen miaj gepatroj. Here are my parents.
這是我父母
Viaj ursoj trinkas mian bieron.
Your bears are drinking my beer.
你的熊在喝我的啤酒

De
If you want to express that something belongs to someone, the key word is de. It corresponds to the English word "of", but it is also used when English would put 's on a word instead.
如果你想表達(dá)某物歸屬于某人,所用到的關(guān)鍵詞就是de。De這個(gè)詞的意思是英語里面的of,但de也能夠用在像英語里把's放在一個(gè)單詞后面的情況(例如my father's 什么的)
Jen mapo de la universitato.
Here is a map of the university.
這是一張那所大學(xué)的地圖
Vi trinkas la bieron de mia patro.
You are drinking my father's beer. (the beer of my father)
你在喝我爸爸的啤酒
Li estas la avo de Sofia.
He is Sofia's grandfather. (the grandfather of Sofia)
他是蘇菲亞的爺爺

Kio, tio
Kio = what? or what thing?.(何?何物?何事?)
Tio = that or that thing.(那、那物、那事)
Kio and tio never take the ending -j (plural), but do take the ending -n (accusative) if they refer to a direct object.
Kio和tio不用加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-j的,但是它們指代直接賓語的時(shí)候就要加賓格-n
Kio estas tio?
What is that?
那是什么?
Kion vi man?as?
What are you eating?
你在吃什么?
Ni man?as tion.
We are eating that.
我們?cè)诔阅莻€(gè)東西。

Names and Addresses
名字與地址
The following two ways (with kio or kiu) of asking for someone's name or address are equally correct:
下面兩種是正確的詢問別人姓名或者地址方式:
Kio estas via [nomo/adreso]?
What is your [name/address]?
你的【名字/地址】是什么?
Kiu estas via [nomo/adreso]?
Which is your [name/address]?

Amiko, Amikino
Traditionally, amiko was used only for a male friend, and amikino for a female friend, and this usage is still common, so we are teaching it here. Recently, however, many Esperanto speakers use the same form amiko for a male or female friend.
習(xí)慣上,amiko這個(gè)詞只用于男性朋友,amikino指代的是女性朋友。這種用法直到現(xiàn)在也很常見。所以我們便在這里進(jìn)行講述。不過,在近年來,不少世界語者們用amiko指代男性朋友或者女性朋友(也就是說amiko的用法開始中性化)
Also, note that amiko and amikino are not equivalent to the English "boyfriend" and "girlfriend". To describe a romantic relationship, we use the terms koramiko and koramikino(“heart-friend”)
另外也要注意,amiko和amikino不等同于英語里面的“boyfriend”和“girlfriend”。要描述情侶意義上的男女朋友,我們用的是koramiko和koramikino(心靈之友)
原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Possessives/tips-and-notes
翻譯:vanilo
時(shí)間:2018/8/17 18:30

隨便聊聊
或許有逛貼吧的先生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),我在eo吧里發(fā)出的貼子都消失了。這是因?yàn)槲业腎D被貼吧誤封,永封原因也沒有告訴我,我也是一臉懵逼,畢竟自己也沒發(fā)過什么違規(guī)言論.....或許是被人盜號(hào)了吧2333。雖然我進(jìn)行了申訴,但是過了9天也沒有任何回復(fù)(度娘的工作效率真心底下,說好的24小時(shí)之內(nèi)回復(fù)呢?),這個(gè)就有點(diǎn)難搞,大部分的eo表情都找不回來了(或許這就是所謂的失傳!?)幸好把第一版的tips and notes轉(zhuǎn)載到bilibili,不然我就欲哭無淚了?;蛟S就這樣直接退出貼吧算了_(:з」∠)_ 雖然沒能混到eo吧的18級(jí)怨念還是蠻深的23333。
把我的貼吧頭像發(fā)出來紀(jì)念下(希望能夠解封吧2333):
