注：譯文中的“肉鴿”指Roguelike而非Rogue亦或是Roguelite

==Preamble==

《序言》

This?definition?of?"Roguelike"?was?created?at?the?International?Roguelike?Development?Conference?2008?and?is?the?product?of?a?discussion?between?all?who?attended.?The?definition?at?was?used??as?the?starting?point?for?the?discussions.?Most?factors?are?newly?phrased,?new?factors?have?been?added,?some?factors?have?been?removed.

本文對(duì)于“肉鴿”的定義來自2008年的國(guó)際肉鴿開發(fā)者大會(huì)，是所以與會(huì)者討論的結(jié)果。中的定義是此次討論的起點(diǎn)。定義中重新描述了大多數(shù)要素，增加了新的要素，并且移除了部分要素。

==General?Principles==?

《總則》

"Roguelike"?refers?to?a?genre,?not?merely?"like-Rogue".?The?genre?is?represented?by?its?canon.?The?canon?for?Roguelikes?is?ADOM,?Angband,?Crawl,?Nethack,?and?Rogue.

“肉鴿”是一種游戲類型，而不僅僅是“用于肉產(chǎn)的飼養(yǎng)鴿子”的縮寫。這種類型以其經(jīng)典為代表，例如：ADOM，Angband，Crawl，Nethack和Rogue。

This?list?can?be?used?to?determine?how?roguelike?a?game?is.?Missing?some?points?does?not?mean?the?game?is?not?a?roguelike.?Likewise,?possessing?some?points?does?not?mean?the?game?is?a?roguelike.?

以下的列表可以用來判斷一個(gè)游戲的肉鴿程度。缺失部分要素并不意味著一個(gè)游戲一定“不是肉鴿”，反之亦然，具有部分要素也不意味著它一定“是肉鴿”

The?purpose?of?the?definition?is?for?the?roguelike?community?to?better?understand?what?the?community?is?studying.?It?is?not?to?place?constraints?on?developers?or?games.

本定義的目標(biāo)是讓肉鴿社區(qū)更好地理解社區(qū)當(dāng)下著重研究討論的內(nèi)容，而非對(duì)開發(fā)者或游戲本身作出限制。

==High?value?factors==?

——高價(jià)值要素——

====Random?environment?generation====

隨機(jī)環(huán)境生成

The?game?world?is?randomly?generated?in?a?way?that?increases?replayability.?

Appearance?and?placement?of?items?is?random.?

Appearance?of?monsters?is?fixed,?their?placement?is?random.?

Fixed?content?(plots?or?puzzles?or?vaults)?removes?randomness.

游戲世界是隨機(jī)生成的，以提高重復(fù)游玩的價(jià)值。

物品的外觀與位置是隨機(jī)的。怪物的外觀是固定的，但位置是隨機(jī)的。

固定的游戲內(nèi)容（例如情節(jié)、謎題或金庫）用于減少隨機(jī)性則是可行的。

注：金庫（vaults）指可以跨游戲輪次保存物品的機(jī)制，在部分游戲中存在。

====Permadeath====

永久死亡

You?are?not?expected?to?win?the?game?with?your?first?character.?You?start?over?from?the?first?level?when?you?die.?(It?is?possible?to?save?games?but?the?savefile?is?deleted?upon?loading.)?The?random?environment?makes?this?enjoyable?rather?than?punishing.

玩家應(yīng)當(dāng)預(yù)期無法第一次游玩就通關(guān)游戲。如果死亡，玩家將從第一關(guān)開始。保存游戲是可行的，但在加載完畢后存檔應(yīng)即被刪除（注：即在正常游戲流程內(nèi)阻止玩家SL）。隨機(jī)環(huán)境應(yīng)當(dāng)用于增進(jìn)可玩性而非與此結(jié)合用于懲罰玩家

====Turn-based====

回合制

Each?command?corresponds?to?a?single?action/movement.?The?game?is?not?sensitive?to?time,?you?can?take?your?time?to?choose?your?action.??

每個(gè)指令對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)行動(dòng)/移動(dòng)。游戲不限制回合時(shí)間，玩家可以花時(shí)間抉擇接下來的行動(dòng)。

====Grid-based====

網(wǎng)格棋盤制

The?world?is?represented?by?a?uniform?grid?of?tiles.?Monsters?(and?the?player)?take?up?one?tile,?regardless?of?size.

游戲世界是一個(gè)網(wǎng)格的棋盤。怪物（和玩家）占用一個(gè)格子，無論外觀大小如何。

====Non-modal====

非模態(tài)

Movement,?battle?and?other?actions?take?place?in?the?same?mode.?Every?action?should?be?available?at?any?point?of?the?game.?Violations?to?this?are?ADOM's?overworld?or?Angand's?and?Crawl's?shops.

移動(dòng)、戰(zhàn)斗和其他行為以同樣的方式運(yùn)作。每種行為應(yīng)該在游戲的任何時(shí)候都可用。

反例是ADOM的主世界以及Angand和Crawl的商店。

====Complexity====

復(fù)雜性

The?game?has?enough?complexity?to?allow?several?solutions?to?common?goals.?This?is?obtained?by?providing?enough?item/monster?and?item/item?interactions?and?is?strongly?connected?to?having?just?one?mode.

游戲足夠復(fù)雜，允許玩家通過多種不同的解決方案來達(dá)成同一目標(biāo)。游戲通過提供足夠的物品、怪物和物品間交互實(shí)現(xiàn)這種效果，并且與只有一種游戲模式密切相關(guān)。

====Resource?management====

資源管理

You?have?to?manage?your?limited?resources?(e.g.?food,?healing?potions)?and?find?uses?for?the?resources?you?receive.

你必須管理有限的資源（例如食物、治療藥水）并找到這些資源的用途。

====Hack'n'slash====?

殺殺殺

Even?though?there?can?be?much?more?to?the?game,?killing?lots?of?monsters?is?a?very?important?part?of?a?roguelike.?The?game?is?player-vs-world:?there?are?no?monster/monster?relations?

(like?enmities,?or?diplomacy).?

盡管仍然可以有許多其他內(nèi)容，但殺死大量怪物是肉鴿中非常重要的一部分。玩家需要對(duì)抗整個(gè)世界，這意味著沒有怪物間關(guān)系（如怪物間敵對(duì)或合作）。

====Exploration?and?discovery====

探索發(fā)現(xiàn)

The?game?requires?careful?exploration?of?the?dungeon?levels?and

discovery?of?the?usage?of?unidentified?items.?This?has?to?be?done?anew?every?time?the?player?starts?a?new?game.

游戲需要仔細(xì)探索地牢關(guān)卡并發(fā)現(xiàn)未知物品的使用效果。每當(dāng)玩家開始新一輪游戲時(shí)，都必須重新進(jìn)行這個(gè)過程。

==Low?value?factors==

——中價(jià)值要素——

====Single?player?character====

單個(gè)可操控角色

The?player?controls?a?single?character.?The?game?is?player-centric,?the?world?is?viewed?through?that?one?character?and?that?character's?death?is?the?end?of?the?game.

玩家只操控單個(gè)角色。游戲以玩家為中心，玩家通過操控角色得以窺探世界的全貌，而角色的死亡就是游戲的結(jié)束

====Monsters?are?similar?to?players====

怪物與玩家相似

Rules?that?apply?to?the?player?apply?to?monsters?as?well.?They?have?inventories,?equipment,?use?items,?cast?spells?etc.

適用于玩家的規(guī)則同樣適用于怪物。它們也擁有背包、裝備，可以使用物品、施法等。

====Tactical?challenge====

策略挑戰(zhàn)

You?have?to?learn?about?the?tactics?before?you?can?make?any?significant?progress.?This?process?repeats?itself,?i.e.?early?game?knowledge?is?not?enough?to?beat?the?late?game.?(Due?to?random?environments?and?permanent?death,?roguelikes?are?challenging?to?new?players.)

玩家必須先了解游戲策略，然后才可能取得重大進(jìn)展。這個(gè)過程會(huì)重復(fù)多次，因?yàn)榍捌诘挠螒蛑R(shí)不足以通過游戲后期的關(guān)卡。（由于隨機(jī)環(huán)境和永久死亡，肉鴿對(duì)新玩家更具挑戰(zhàn)性。）

The?game's?focus?is?on?providing?tactical?challenges?(as?opposed?to?strategically?working?on?the?big?picture,?or?solving?puzzles).

游戲的重點(diǎn)是考驗(yàn)玩家的臨場(chǎng)策略（而不是全局戰(zhàn)略或者解謎）。

====ASCII?display====

ASCII顯示

The?traditional?display?for?roguelikes?is?to?represent?the?tiled?world?by?ASCII?characters.

傳統(tǒng)的肉鴿畫面由平鋪的ACSCII字符所展現(xiàn)

====Dungeons====

地牢

Roguelikes?contain?dungeons,?such?as?levels?composed?of?rooms?and?corridors.

肉鴿采用地牢關(guān)卡，例如由房間和走廊組成的關(guān)卡。

====Numbers====

數(shù)字

The numbers used to describe?the?character?(hit?points,?attributes?etc.)?are deliberately?

shown.

角色有關(guān)的數(shù)字（生命值、屬性等）需要特別標(biāo)注出來。

翻譯：清明 校對(duì)：莉莉黑