Can you solve the airplane riddle

你能解開飛機之謎嗎

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Professor Fukano, the famous eccentric scientist and adventurer, has embarked on a new challenge: flying around the world nonstop in a plane of his own design.?

Able to travel consistently at the incredible speed of one longitude around the equator per minute, the plane would take six hours to circle the world.?

There’s just one problem: the plane can only hold 180 kiloliters of fuel, only enough for exactly half the journey.?

著名的古怪科學家和探險家Fukano教授，開始了一項新的挑戰(zhàn)：用他自己設(shè)計的飛機進行一次環(huán)繞世界的無停靠飛行。

這架飛機能夠持續(xù)以每分鐘飛過每一經(jīng)度的高速沿著赤道飛行，只需要6小時就可以環(huán)繞世界一周。

只有一個問題需要克服：飛機只能攜帶18萬升的燃料，這個量只夠完成一半旅程。

Let’s be honest.

The professor probably could have designed the plane to hold more fuel, but where’s the fun in that??

Instead, he’s devised a slightly more elaborate solution: building three identical planes for the mission.

所以還是現(xiàn)實點吧。

教授或許可以設(shè)計一種能攜帶更多燃料的飛機，但那就沒意思了。

相反，他想出了一種更復(fù)雜的解決方案：為這項任務(wù)建造三架一模一樣的飛機。

In addition to the speed, the professor’s equipped them with a few other incredible features.

Each of the planes can turn on a dime and instantly transfer any amount of its fuel to any of the others in midair without slowing down, provided they’re next to each other.?

The professor will pilot the first plane, while?his two assistants Fugori and Orokana will pilot each of the others.?

However, only one airport, located on the equator, has granted permission for the experiment, making it the starting point, the finish line, and the only spot where the planes can land, take?off, or refuel on the ground.

How should the three planes coordinate so the professor can fly continuously for the whole trip and achieve his dream without?anyone running out of fuel and crashing?

除了高速之外，教授還給它們裝備了其他絕妙的功能。

每一個飛機能夠在很小的空間里轉(zhuǎn)彎并立刻把任意量的燃料轉(zhuǎn)移到空中的其他飛機內(nèi)且不需要減速，只要他們相鄰而飛。

教授駕駛第一架飛機，他的兩個助手Fugori和Orokana分別駕駛另外兩架飛機。

然而，只有一個赤道上的機場許可了這項實驗，它成為了起點、終點，以及飛機降落、起飛和地面加油的唯一地點。

這三架飛機應(yīng)該如何配合，才能使教授在每一架飛機都不會耗盡燃料或墜毀的情況下持續(xù)飛行完全程以實現(xiàn)他的夢想呢？

Pause?here if you want to figure it out for yourself.

Answer in 3, 2, 1

According to the professor’s calculations, they?should?be able to pull it off by a hair.?

The?key is to maximize the support each assistant provides, not wasting a single kiloliter of fuel.?

It also helps us to think symmetrically so they can make shorter trips in either direction while setting the professor up for a long unsupported stretch in the middle.

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答案：3?2 1

根據(jù)教授的計算，他們應(yīng)該可以勉強完成這個任務(wù)，關(guān)鍵就在于把每個助手的力量最大化，不浪費每一升燃料。

對稱地思考這段旅程可以幫助我們理解，他們可以從起點的兩個方向進行短途飛行，同時讓教授從中途開始進行無供給的長途飛行。

Here’s the solution: All three planes take off at noon flying west, each fully loaded with 180 kiloliters.?

After 45 minutes, or one-eighth of the way around, each?plane has 135 kiloliters left.?

Orkana gives 45 to the professor and 45 to Fugori, fully refueling them both.?

With her remaining 45 Orokana returns to the airport and heads to the lounge for a well-deserved break.?

45 minutes later, with one-quarter of the trip complete, the professor and Fugori are both at 135 kiloliters again.

Fugori transfers 45 into the professor’s tank, leaving himself with the 90 he needs to return.

解決方案是這樣的：三架飛機都在正午起飛向西飛行，每架飛機裝在18萬升燃料。

45分鐘后，也就是1/8的行程后，每架飛機剩13.5萬升燃料。

Orkana給教授和Fugori 分別輸送了4.5萬升，使他們的飛機加滿油。

Orkana用她余下的4.5萬升返回機場，并到休息室好好休息一番。

45分鐘后，1/4的行程飛完，教授和Fugori的燃料又都剩下13.5萬升。

Fugori給教授傳輸了4.5萬升，給自己留下9萬升用來返回機場。

Professor Fukano stretches and puts on his favorite album.?

He’ll alone for a while.?

In the meantime, Orokana has been anxiously awaiting Fugori’s return, her plane fully refueled and ready to go.?

As soon as his plane touches the ground, she takes off, this time flying east.?

At?this point, exactly 180 minutes have passed and the professor is at the halfway point of his journey with 90 kiloliters of fuel left.

Fukano教授可以伸伸懶腰聽聽音樂了。

他要自己度過接下來的一段時間。

與此同時，Orokana正焦急地等Fugori回來，她的飛機已經(jīng)加滿油并準備出發(fā)了。

Fugori的飛機降落的同時，她立刻起飛，這次向東飛行。

到目前為止，已經(jīng)過去了180分鐘，教授正好完成了一半的旅程，還剩下9萬升燃料。

For?the next 90 minutes, the professor and Orokana’s planes fly towards each other, meeting at the three-quarter mark.

Just?as the professor’s fuel is about to run out, he sees Orokana’s plane.?

She gives him 45 kiloliters of her remaining 90, leaving them with 45 each.?

But that’s just half of what they need to make it to the airport. Fortunately, this is exactly when Fugori, having refueled, takes off.

45 minutes later, just as the other two planes are about to run empty, he meets them at the 315 degree point and transfers 45 kiloliters of fuel to each, leaving 45 to himself.

在接下來的90分鐘內(nèi)，教授和Orokana的飛機相對而飛，在行程的四分之三處相遇。

就當教授的燃料將要耗盡時，他看到了Orokana的飛機。

她從余下的9萬升燃料中給了教授4.5萬升，讓兩架飛機都有4.5萬升。

但這只夠完成接下來的半程。幸運的是，這時Fugori已經(jīng)加好油起飛了。

45分鐘后，就在另兩架飛機燃料要耗盡時，F(xiàn)ugori在315度處遇見了他們并給他們分別傳輸了4.5萬升，給自己留下了4.5萬升。

All three planes land at the airport just as their fuel gauges reach zero.

As?the reporters and photographers cheer, the professor promises his planes will soon be available for commercial flights, just as soon as they figure out how to keep their inflight meals from spilling everywhere.

三架飛機在機場降落時，燃料正好耗盡。

記者和攝影師們開始歡呼，教授承諾他的飛機很快會作為商用航班投入使用，只需等他們研究出怎么樣在飛機上用餐才不會撒得到處都是，就是時候了！

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