（譯）獸設(shè)
#原文地址https://en.wikifur.com/wiki/Fursona
A?fursona?(pl.?fursonas, rarely?furson/fursonae),is a?furspeech?portmanteau?derived from the terms?furry?and?persona, that refers to a (normally?furry),?character,?persona,?alter ego,?avatar, or?identity?assumed by a person or?player?normally associated with the?furry fandom.
Fursona（復(fù)數(shù)形式是fursonas，罕見(jiàn)為furson/fursonae），是獸迷詞匯中的一個(gè)合成詞，由術(shù)語(yǔ)“Furry”和“Persona”派生而來(lái)。其指的是一個(gè)（通常具有獸特征的）角色、內(nèi)在人格、化身，或者一個(gè)人與獸同好圈聯(lián)系的身份。
The fursona itself consists of a name (usually fictitious) and a species, as well as any distinctive colors, markings or body features. An artist's typical?commission?is a rendition of a fursona.
獸設(shè)本身由名字（往往是虛構(gòu)的）、物種，與獨(dú)特的色彩、標(biāo)記和體態(tài)特征等要素構(gòu)成。獸設(shè)往往呈現(xiàn)在畫(huà)師們的委托之中。
Contents\內(nèi)容
1?Historical origin\歷史淵源
2?The fursona\獸設(shè)
2.1?Appearance\外貌特征
2.1.1?Attire\著裝
2.2?Behavior\行為
2.3?Fursona history\獸設(shè)的背景
3?Levels of personal identification\個(gè)人身份認(rèn)同的程度
3.1?Avatar\化身
3.2?Personal furry\私設(shè)
3.2.1?Personal furry vs. avatar\化身與私設(shè)的對(duì)比
3.2.2?Fursona as a metaphor\獸設(shè)的隱喻作用
3.2.3?Relationship to other furry concepts/practices\與其他獸相關(guān)理論/實(shí)踐的關(guān)系
Historical origin\歷史淵源
[本段可能不確定且不準(zhǔn)確，僅供參考]
The origins of the fursona concept within the eventual furry fandom is difficult to pin down to specific dates, and it is not known if similar concepts of personal fictional alter-egos exists outside of the furry fandom.
獸設(shè)概念在整個(gè)獸同好圈中的起源，十分難以確定為某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)；并且，與之相似的“個(gè)人虛構(gòu)化身”在獸同好圈之外存在的確切時(shí)間也是不為人知的。
What can be said is that the growing clout of roleplaying gaming (including live-action, tabletop, computer multi-player, etc.) in Western society in the 1970s and 1980s induced the adoption or self-creation of highly-stylized, often genre-specific alter-egos for RP purposes among specific audiences.
唯一能說(shuō)的是，角色扮演游戲（包括但不限于真人的、桌面的、電腦多人聯(lián)機(jī)等類(lèi)型）在20世紀(jì)七八十年代的西方社會(huì)中影響力的增長(zhǎng)，促使特定的一些觀眾為了RP（角色扮演）的目的而采用他人創(chuàng)作的，或自創(chuàng)高度個(gè)性化的、通常是特定類(lèi)型的另類(lèi)自我。
As the first large furry parties took place at large science-fiction or multi-genre speculative fiction conventions, such venues often served as meeting places for both RPers and costumers as well as artists and writers, the latter two of whom had often honed their skills in the funny animal art scene's APAs. Thus, when RPers and costumers happened upon the Art Show exhibits for "funny" animal artists, the latter were soon in demand from RPers and costumers for commissioned renditions of their RP or costume characters.
起初，大型的獸聚是在科幻小說(shuō)展覽或多類(lèi)型推理小說(shuō)的展覽上出現(xiàn)的，這些場(chǎng)館通常充當(dāng)角色扮演者、獸裝者和畫(huà)師與寫(xiě)手等的會(huì)面地，而后兩者經(jīng)常在有趣動(dòng)物藝術(shù)的場(chǎng)景的APA中磨練他們的技能。因此，當(dāng)角色扮演者與獸裝師在面向“有趣動(dòng)物藝術(shù)”的藝術(shù)展上出現(xiàn)時(shí)，畫(huà)師與寫(xiě)手很快就接到了角色扮演者和獸裝者們的委托訂單，通常為他們所扮演的角色。
As the customers were often not writers or artists but had envisioned these characters as being more than just under their ownership, detailed specifics for such characters (see "Elements") were often provided by the customers so as to give as much narrative-independent life to such characters as possible.
此時(shí)，獸裝者常常不是寫(xiě)手或畫(huà)手，但是曾設(shè)想使這些角色超越他們的“控制”，因此這些角色的特定細(xì)節(jié)往往是由顧客提供的，以盡可能向這些角色給予一種超越敘述的生命。
As a result, when the first furry parties were held, the first costumers and RPers of what would become the furry fandom had already developed the awareness of their favorite RP or costume characters' artistically-rendered exteriors, what they acted like, and in what they were interested or disinterested.
因此，當(dāng)?shù)谝粋€(gè)獸聚舉辦之時(shí)，獸圈之中的第一批獸裝師和角色扮演者們，早已形成了一種對(duì)他們最喜歡角色或獸裝角色進(jìn)行藝術(shù)渲染的意識(shí)；他們行動(dòng)上效仿這些角色，并且也會(huì)對(duì)其有好惡之情。
Such characters often did not need to be written into written narratives, but were instead buoyed by being a general-purpose alter-ego for the RPer or costumer. This difference from the traditional idea of the character as being driven by stories of fiction allowed for the "favorite character" or "custom-made character" to be shifted to the "alter-ego", "alternative persona" or "fursona".
這些角色不一定需要被以文字?jǐn)⑹龀鰜?lái)，但卻被作為角色扮演者或獸裝師通常的另一個(gè)自我以進(jìn)行激勵(lì)。與傳統(tǒng)的“角色由故事驅(qū)動(dòng)”的觀念不同，這種觀念允許“最喜愛(ài)的角色”或“自創(chuàng)角色”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤傲硪粋€(gè)自我”、“另一個(gè)角色”或“獸設(shè)”。
The fursona\獸設(shè)
Depending on the level of personal identification the description of a fursona typically consists of the following elements:
取決于個(gè)人身份的認(rèn)同級(jí)別，獸設(shè)的描述一般由以下元素構(gòu)成：
Many fursonas are based on 'typical' animal species, such as?cats?and wolves, but are often only limited by the imaginations of their player, and can include more extraordinary types of creatures such as aliens, angels,?demons, vampires, and mythological creatures (a popular offshoot of mythological creatures is to have a?hexapedal,?taur-based fursona).?Hybrid?fursonas are also popular; furries who like characteristics of more than one animal will combine them into one creature, such as a cat/fox or wolf/raccoon cross. Some give these hybrids portmanteau names, such as "drynx" for a dragon/lynx, or "hedgefox" for a hedgehog/fox.
許多獸設(shè)是基于常規(guī)動(dòng)物來(lái)創(chuàng)作的，例如貓和狼，但其形象往往只受限于創(chuàng)作者的想象力，并且可以包括更多奇特的物種，例如外星人、天使、惡魔、吸血鬼和神話(huà)生物（其中的一個(gè)流行分支是六頭的牛獸人）。此外，混血獸設(shè)也很流行；那些喜歡多于一種動(dòng)物特征的獸迷會(huì)將它們?nèi)诤线M(jìn)一個(gè)生物之中，例如貓-狐或狼-浣熊的混血。有些人將這些混血物種用合成詞命名，例如“Drynx”為Dragon/Lynx（猞猁）的合成詞，或者"Hedgefox"為Hedgehog（刺猬）/Fox的合成詞。
Appearance\外貌
A visual, kinesthetic, or textual realization of the player's mental impression of their fursona. The most common form of realization being an illustration or textual description which may be described by the term?furry art.
這是一個(gè)角色扮演者對(duì)他們獸設(shè)的心理印象所進(jìn)行的、可視化的、觸覺(jué)的或者文字的呈現(xiàn)。最常見(jiàn)的呈現(xiàn)形式是插圖或文字說(shuō)明，且常常是furry art這一術(shù)語(yǔ)的描述對(duì)象。
Attire\著裝
Since many fursonas have complex fur patterns or other interesting anatomical details, not all fursonas are necessarily clothed or always illustrated with clothing on. As such, there will often be several details about the appearance of a fursona; first, its physical body, and secondly, whatever clothes and accessories are worn over such a body.
由于眾多的獸設(shè)往往有著復(fù)雜的毛質(zhì)或其他有趣的解剖細(xì)節(jié)，并非所有獸設(shè)都需要著裝，也不需要總是被描繪成衣冠齊整的樣子。但是，獸設(shè)的外貌往往有很多細(xì)節(jié)；首先是身體特征，其次是身體上的服裝與配飾。
Behaviour\行為
Depending on personal preference the behavior of a fursona can range from that of a typical?human?being?zoomorphic?only in appearance to behavior which is identical to that of the animal represented by the fursona. These general behaviors usually form a framework inside of which a player may mold their character's behavior to their liking. As fursonas are typically a?furry?representation of the player the fursona often inherits many of the player's character traits.
取決于個(gè)人的喜好，獸設(shè)的行為可以是人類(lèi)常見(jiàn)的行為從典型的人以動(dòng)物外表進(jìn)行的行為到最原始而野性的動(dòng)物行為獸設(shè)所代表的動(dòng)物的行為。這些行為經(jīng)常會(huì)形成一個(gè)框架，角色扮演者在其中根據(jù)自己的喜好以塑造角色的行為。介于獸設(shè)往往是一位獸迷/角色扮演者的代表身份，它通常繼承有此獸迷/角色扮演者的特征。
Fursona history\獸設(shè)的背景
Fursonas are often used to?roleplay?or in other story-based mediums, and as such, often have some sort of history, whether it is merely the history of the player behind the fursona, a backstory within a world of another person's design, or a story within a world of the person's own design.
獸設(shè)常常用以進(jìn)行角色扮演，或存在于其他以故事為基礎(chǔ)的媒介中；并且因此，獸設(shè)往往有著不同類(lèi)型的背景，不論它是由獸設(shè)背后的支撐者所作的、關(guān)于另一個(gè)人的世界觀的、或是此人自訂的世界觀中的一個(gè)故事。
Levels of personal identification\個(gè)人身份認(rèn)同的程度
An individual may identify with a particular character in a variety of ways and with varying degrees of closeness.
一個(gè)人也許會(huì)以不同方式、角度和遠(yuǎn)近來(lái)認(rèn)同一個(gè)特定角色。
Avatar\化身
An?avatar?is typically a character created by a?player?as an?alias. Typically this alias is used by the?player?as a trademark or symbol of their?role playing?identity. Hence,?players?typically do not associate themselves with their avatar outside of that specific realm of experience. A single player typically has many avatars; however, some?players?may prefer one character over others.
化身一般是由一位角色扮演者所作，而用作“別名”的事物。這個(gè)“別名”可能被此人用作他所扮演角色的商標(biāo)或符號(hào)。因此，角色扮演者通常并不將他們本身與特定體驗(yàn)領(lǐng)域之外的化身聯(lián)系起來(lái)。一位獨(dú)立的角色扮演者往往有許多化身，然而，一些角色扮演者也許會(huì)傾向于偏好眾多角色之中的一個(gè)。
Personal Furry\私設(shè)
A personal furry is a fursona that a person or?player?identifies with on an intimate level.
所謂私設(shè)，是一種角色扮演者在親密層面上認(rèn)同的獸設(shè)。
Personal furry vs. avatar\化身與私設(shè)的對(duì)比
The description of a personal furry typically possesses all the hallmarks of a complete fictional character. This may include the physical description of a furry, the character's beliefs, moods, and temperaments, and all stories that support and expand the understanding of the furry character. Drawings of the character are very common, and personal furries are often used online to role-play with other characters, sometimes with the aid of an avatar.
對(duì)私設(shè)的描述通常具有一個(gè)完整虛構(gòu)人物的所有特征。這可能包括獸設(shè)的身體描述、角色的信仰、情緒與性格，而所有的故事都將支撐并擴(kuò)展對(duì)一個(gè)獸人角色（獸設(shè)）的理解。角**是十分常見(jiàn)的，而私設(shè)通常用于與其他角色進(jìn)行的在線(xiàn)角色扮演，有些時(shí)候還帶有化身的幫助。
While a person may play several characters and have several fursonas, the?personal furry?often has greater significance — it will often be a better representation of the person's "real" personality, if only because they tend to use it more often. Many individuals with a personal furry will primarily use that character to represent themselves online and within the fandom, and may actually go by that character's name as their primary nickname or handle, both on and even offline.
盡管同一個(gè)人也許會(huì)扮演幾個(gè)角色，擁有多個(gè)獸設(shè)，但是私設(shè)往往占據(jù)著最重要的地位——它通常是此人真正人格的更佳代表，而只因?yàn)樗麄兇蛩愀嗟摹笆褂谩贝私巧ＴS多有著自己私設(shè)的人主要使用這個(gè)角色，以在線(xiàn)上和同好圈內(nèi)代表他們自身，甚至實(shí)際上有可能將此角色作為他們首要的昵稱(chēng)或Handle，而不管是線(xiàn)上線(xiàn)下。
Fursona as a metaphor\獸設(shè)的隱喻作用
A personal furry often reflects elements of their player's real-life appearance or dress, or what they would like to wear and is also referred to a lot as a Fursona. Also, there may be clues within the personal furry as to how that player sees themselves; to have a cat furry may symbolize a thirst for independence, and likewise a fox furry may symbolize perceived wit. Coat/Scale/Feather coloring may also represent the personality of a person; for example a pink coat may represent girlish behavior.
一個(gè)私設(shè)往往反映了他們的角色扮演者現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的元素，像外貌、衣著，或者他們平常著裝的偏好等，在獸設(shè)中有頻繁體現(xiàn)。同樣的，角色扮演者對(duì)自己認(rèn)知，在獸設(shè)中也許能夠找到一些線(xiàn)索——一個(gè)貓?jiān)O(shè)往往代表獨(dú)立的愿望；同樣的，一個(gè)狐設(shè)經(jīng)常意味著智慧。著裝的/鱗片的/覆羽的配色也可能代表人的性格，例如粉紅色的皮毛常常代表女性化的行為。
Relationship to other furry concepts/practices\與其他獸相關(guān)理論/實(shí)踐的關(guān)系
While a personal furry is often seen as a natural fit for?lifestylers, it's important to note that ideas such as the?furry lifestyle?and?animal totemism?are not intrinsically linked to the concept.
盡管私設(shè)常常被視為獸式生活者理所當(dāng)然的選擇，但仍然要著重強(qiáng)調(diào)，獸式生活和動(dòng)物圖騰觀，與這個(gè)概念沒(méi)有內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系。
It is generally considered to be in bad taste for others to depict a personal furry (and to a lesser extent, any character) participating in activities such as "yiffing" that they or their player would not normally be involved in.
人們通常認(rèn)為，讓別人去描繪私設(shè)（或者較小程度上的，任何角色）參加一些他們的扮演者通常不會(huì)參與的，像“yiffing”等的活動(dòng)，是不符合品味的。
譯者的話(huà)
原文有一些混亂和不明之處，譯者已盡力修正；
原文沒(méi)有標(biāo)注參考文獻(xiàn)和外部鏈接，故譯者也未標(biāo)注；
一修于2019-6-9
