文集簡介 與 各部分內(nèi)容概述 - 生物學進階章節(jié) 與 神經(jīng)科學
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第四部分:微生物學 Microbiology
微生物學是高階課程中的重要課程,需要在完成文集基礎(chǔ)篇的第三部分(分子與細胞生物學)后再閱讀。這一部分的內(nèi)容提供了以細菌為重點的微生物研究,涉及的主要領(lǐng)域包括微生物細胞的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,遺傳學,新陳代謝和生態(tài)學。?本部分還將討論微生物學的應(yīng)用方面,包括生物技術(shù),微生物在環(huán)境過程中的作用以及醫(yī)學微生物學。
This course provides the study of microorganisms with an emphasis on bacteria. Major areas to be covered include microbial cell structure and function, genetics, metabolism, and ecology. Applied aspects of microbiology will also be discussed, including biotechnology, the role of microorganisms in environmental processes, and medical microbiology.
第五部分 Pharmacology 藥理學
藥理學的基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容,建議有化學基礎(chǔ)。這部分的內(nèi)容從分子水平上學習藥理學的一般原理和藥物作用機理。 研究不同的藥物類別及其對人體各種系統(tǒng)的影響。 探索藥物基因組學和基因/蛋白質(zhì)治療的最新主題,以及藥理科學的法規(guī)(FDA)和工業(yè)方面。
Learn the general principles of pharmacology and mechanisms of drug action at the molecular level. Study the different drug classes and their effects on the various systems of the human body. Explore current topics of pharmacogenomics and gene/protein therapy, as well as the regulatory (FDA) and industrial aspects of pharmacological science.
第六部分 Toxicology?毒理學
毒理學的基礎(chǔ)課程,建議有基礎(chǔ)化學 以及 分子與細胞生物學的基礎(chǔ)。這一部分主要研究藥物,化學藥品和天然物質(zhì)對生物系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境的健康影響。了解有毒物質(zhì)的特性,化學物質(zhì)的毒性機理,外來化學物質(zhì)在人體內(nèi)的命運和反應(yīng),毒性的鑒定和評估以及健康風險評估方法。
Study the health effects of drugs, chemicals and natural substances on biological systems and the environment. Learn about the properties of toxic substances, the toxic mechanisms of chemicals, the fate and reactions of foreign chemicals in people’s bodies, the identification and evaluation of toxicity, and health risk assessment methodologies.
第七部分 Genetics 基因?qū)W(基因分析)
分子生物學與生物技術(shù)研究的重要內(nèi)容,需要在完成文集基礎(chǔ)篇的第三部分(分子與細胞生物學)后再閱讀。這一部分的內(nèi)容提供了不同的基因分析方法以及在不同物種上的呈現(xiàn)。
This course explores the experimental basis for our current understanding of the structures, functions and inheritance of genes. The applications of molecular genetic approaches to address a variety of Eukaryotic and prokaryotic genetics with illustrative material from viruses, bacteria, plants, and humans is presented.
第八部分 Human Nutrition 營養(yǎng)學
營養(yǎng)學的基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容,建議了解基礎(chǔ)化學。這部分的內(nèi)容通過消化和代謝等主題了解營養(yǎng)在人類健康和發(fā)展中的作用; 熱量和營養(yǎng)需求和計算的變化; 記錄飲食并評估與飲食參考攝入量有關(guān)的大量和微量營養(yǎng)素含量; 植物化學物質(zhì)和營養(yǎng)素及其在健康和疾病中的作用; 與營養(yǎng)缺乏和營養(yǎng)過剩有關(guān)的疾病以及醫(yī)學營養(yǎng)治療; 與飲食,食品安全和食源性疾病有關(guān)的生物學變異。
Understand the role that nutrition plays in human health and development through topics such as digestion and metabolism; variations in caloric and nutrient needs and calculations; recording of diet and evaluation of macro- and micronutrient content in relation to dietary reference intakes; phytochemicals and nutrients and their role in health and illness; disorders related to nutrient deficiency and excess and medical nutrition therapy; and biological variations related to diet, food safety and food-borne illnesses.
第九部分 Developmental Biology 發(fā)育生物學
發(fā)育生物學主要研究生命體發(fā)育過程及其本質(zhì)現(xiàn)象的一門學科,本部分內(nèi)容需要在完成文集基礎(chǔ)篇的第一(機體生物學)與三部分(分子與細胞生物學)后再閱讀。本部分內(nèi)容從分子水平、亞顯微水平和細胞水平上來研究分析生物體從精子和卵的發(fā)生、受精、發(fā)育、生長直至衰老死亡的過程及其機理。
A survey of the developmental processes at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and also certain plants and protists. Explore cell differentiation, pattern formation, and morphogenesis in embryos, presented with an emphasis on evolution.
第十部分?Dermatology?皮膚學
皮膚學的基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容,可以零基礎(chǔ)閱讀。這一部分內(nèi)容主要講述了皮膚的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能,以及皮膚與環(huán)境的關(guān)系。本部分內(nèi)容還介紹了不同的皮膚病以及療法。
This course provides information about the structure and functions of your skin, how does it change and interact with the environment. In the course, we will talk about different skin diseases, as well as how to treat them.
第十一部分 Immunology 免疫學
文集的本部分內(nèi)容理論上可以零基礎(chǔ)閱讀,但建議先閱讀本文集的第一部分內(nèi)容。這一部分內(nèi)容旨在提供免疫學的基本概念和詞匯,對免疫學有基本的了解,并能夠欣賞和分析設(shè)計用于治療疾病的免疫學療法的新發(fā)展。
This course is designed to equip students with the basic concepts and vocabulary of immunology. The goal is to provide students from different backgrounds with a fundamental understanding of immunology and the ability to appreciate and analyze new developments in immunological therapies designed for the treatment of disease.
第十二部分 Hematology 血液學
本部分內(nèi)容主要研究血液學的基本概念,建議在閱讀完本文集的第三部分后再閱讀。這部分內(nèi)容包括血液形成器官以及血細胞和血漿的起源和功能,紅細胞,白細胞,血小板,凝血和血型系統(tǒng)的正常和病理狀況的理論和臨床方面。
Study fundamental concepts of hematology including blood-forming organs and the origin and function of blood cells and plasma. You also examine the theoretical and clinical aspects of normal and pathological conditions of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, coagulation and blood group systems.