TED演講者：Chinyanta Kabaso / 欽揚塔·卡巴索

演講標(biāo)題：The dazzling diversity of African dance -- in 14 moves / 令人眼花繚亂的非洲舞蹈——14 種跳法

內(nèi)容概要：If African culture were a tree, then dance would be its flowers, says choreographer and TED Idea Search winner Chinyanta Kabaso. In a captivating display of both traditional and modern dances, she showcases the beauty of these movements and explains how they reveal the history of migration and shared cultural connections of different ethnic groups across the continent.

舞蹈指導(dǎo)和 TED 尋找創(chuàng)意比賽冠軍欽揚塔·卡巴索（Chinyanta Kabaso）說，如果非洲文化是一棵樹，舞蹈就是那樹上開出的花。在傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代舞蹈的動人表演中，她展示了這些動作的美妙，并講解了這些舞蹈如何揭示大遷移的歷史以及非洲大陸不同少數(shù)民族之間文化的息息相連。

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【1】(Rhythmic drumming) Welcome to Africa.

歡迎來到非洲。

【2】We are a continent that is rich in diversity.

非洲大陸豐富多彩,

【3】We have diverse resources.

我們有各種不同的資源。

【4】In Botswana, you can find diamonds.

在博茨瓦納,你可以找到鉆石。

【5】In DR Congo, there’s cobalt.

剛果民主共和國有鈷。

【6】And in Ghana, you find gold.

在加納,你可以找到黃金。

【7】And then there's the food.

然后,我們還有豐盛的食物。

【8】Africans have found countless ways to prepare rice, from the jollof in the west to the pilau in the east.

我們非洲人有很多辦法 烹飪出不同的可口米飯, 從非洲西部美味無比的喬洛夫飯, 到東部慶典上不可或缺的皮勞飯。

【9】But for me, our most fascinating diversity is our dance.

但是對我來說, 我們最吸引人的多元化 是我們的舞蹈。

【10】I am passionate about African dance because I'm a dancer and I'm African.

我熱愛非洲舞蹈,因為我不僅是一位舞者,也是一位非洲人。

【11】But I also believe that dance is important, and through it we can learn so much about our history and where we come from.

我相信舞蹈很重要, 我們可以從中學(xué)到許多我們的歷史, 從而追根溯源。

【12】If the African culture was a tree, then I think dance would be its flowers.

如果非洲文化是一棵樹, 我覺得舞蹈就是那樹上開出的花。

【13】If you look at the African dance of today, you find that its core foundation is traditional dance, and these are dances that were created with a specific purpose, for a ceremony or a celebration.

如果考察當(dāng)今的非洲舞蹈, 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)它的核心基礎(chǔ)來自 傳統(tǒng)舞蹈。 傳統(tǒng)舞蹈創(chuàng)作時都有一個特定的目的, 或者為了一個儀式,或者一個慶典。

【14】It could be for war, for coming of age or even to bring rain.

也可能是為了一場戰(zhàn)爭, 一個成人典禮,或祈求降雨的祭典儀式。

【15】But what's really interesting with traditional dance is that through it you can almost paint this visual map of migration.

但傳統(tǒng)舞蹈最讓人感興趣的是 通過它你幾乎可以 繪制出一幅形象的、大遷移的地圖。

【16】And so through the movement of a dance, you can trace the movement of people.

所以,通過舞蹈的變遷, 你可以追蹤到人群的遷移。

【17】And so even though Africa is the most diverse continent in the world, we're also much more connected than we think.

所以,非洲雖然是世界上最多元化的大陸, 我們其實也是出乎想象地相互緊密連接著。

【18】Let's take the Zulu Kingdom.

讓我們來看看祖魯王國。

【19】In the 1800s, the Zulus were mighty warriors, ruled by a fierce and brutal king known as Shaka Zulu.

在19世紀(jì), 祖魯人多是強壯無比的勇士, 卻被一個名為沙卡祖魯?shù)摹?兇猛殘暴的國王統(tǒng)治著。

【20】A wave of Zulu people proceeded outward into the eastern and central region of Africa, where they became known by new names, like the Ngoni and the Ndebele of Zimbabwe.

一大批祖魯人向外遷移 進(jìn)入非洲東部和中部, 在那里改名換姓,建立新的種族如恩戈尼族, 以及津巴布韋的恩德貝勒族,等等。

【21】Three dances from these regions are known as indlamu, isitshikitsha and ngoma.

來自這些地區(qū)的有三種舞蹈 分別被稱為恩德拉姆（indlamu）, 伊西吉沙（isitshikitsha） 和恩戈瑪（ngoma）。

【22】These dances are essentially cousins.

這些舞蹈其實同出一源,

【23】They come from their own families, but when you look at them, you see the power of Shaka Zulu's Kingdom.

來自同一個大家庭。 當(dāng)你仔細(xì)觀察這些舞蹈時, 你仍能感受到當(dāng)年沙卡祖魯王國的威力。

【24】[Ndebele isitshkitsha dance]

【津巴布韋的貝勒族的伊西吉沙舞】

【25】[Ngoni ngoma dance]

【恩戈尼族的恩戈瑪舞】

【26】[Zulu indlamu dance] In the DRC, we find the Luba ethnic group, and they have a traditional dance called mutuashi.

【祖魯?shù)亩鞯吕肺琛?在剛果民主共和國, 我們找到了盧巴少數(shù)民族, 他們有一種傳統(tǒng)舞蹈叫木圖阿西。

【27】This dance was used to celebrate fertility and visually, it's liberation of a woman's waist.

這個舞蹈是用來慶賀女性生育的, 在視覺上,它表現(xiàn)出來的是 女性自由奔放的腰。

【28】But a mutuashi dancer, someone performing a traditional dance, could cause a lot of controversy to those who had adopted a more conservative mindset from the West.

一位木圖阿西的舞蹈者, 要表演這個傳統(tǒng)舞蹈, 卻會引起很多爭議, 特別是在那些接受了 西部保守思想影響的人群中。

【29】In Zambia, we find the Bemba ethnic group who are descendants of the Luba people, and so they share similar dances.

在贊比亞,我們找到了本巴少數(shù)民族, 他們是盧巴人的后代, 所以他們彼此的舞蹈很相似。

【30】One of the Bemba dances is called infunkutu, and it’s normally seen at a lady’s pre-marriage ceremony.

本巴有一種舞蹈叫尹福庫圖, 通常你能 在新娘的婚前儀式上看到。

【31】Just like the Luba people, this dance is a celebration of a woman.

就如盧巴族一樣, 這種舞蹈也是一個女性的慶典。

【32】[Baluba mutuashi dance]

【巴魯巴的木圖阿西舞】

【33】(Drumming and singing)

（鼓聲和歌聲）

【34】[Bemba infunkutu dance] If we move into the eastern part of Africa, we find a showcase of the shoulders.

【本巴的尹福庫圖舞】 如果我們走進(jìn)非洲東部, 就會看到美肩在舞蹈中的充分展示。

【35】The eskista from Ethiopia supposedly imitates the shaking of a rattlesnake, and it closely resembles two other dances from its neighboring countries: the quda in Eritrea and the kamabeka from Kenya.

據(jù)說埃塞俄比亞的艾斯基斯塔舞 模仿了響尾蛇的搖晃, 非常近似兩個鄰國的舞蹈: 厄立特里亞的庫達(dá)舞和 肯尼亞的卡瑪貝卡舞。

【36】These dances are performed to different rhythms, but their core movement remains the same.

這些舞蹈表演雖然跟從 不同的韻律節(jié)奏, 但他們的基本動作都是一致的。

【37】[Bukusu kamabeka dance]

【布庫蘇的卡瑪貝卡舞】

【38】(Music)

（音樂）

【39】[Ethiopia eskista dance]

【埃塞俄比亞的艾斯基斯塔舞】

【40】[Tigrinya quda dance] It wasn’t only migration that separated ethnic groups but also the artificial borders that were drawn by some guys from overseas.

【提格里尼亞的庫達(dá)舞】 不僅僅是大遷徙分離了種族群體, 還有人為的邊界—— 那些海外來的家伙畫下的。

【41】In Ghana, Togo, Benin and Nigeria, there were once no border distinctions and no movement restrictions.

在加納、多哥、貝寧和尼日利亞, 過去曾經(jīng)沒有國界之分, 也沒有遷移限制。

【42】The Ewe people can be found in each of these countries, and they perform a dance called the togo atsia, which is danced to the togo atsia drum pattern.

埃維人在這些國家隨處可見, 他們表演的舞蹈叫多哥阿西亞舞, 舞者隨著多哥阿西亞鼓聲的節(jié)奏跳動。

【43】Although these people were separated, their dance shows an endurance of their cultural connections.

雖然這些民族被分離開了, 但他們的舞蹈展示出了 彼此文化息息相連的忍耐持久。

【44】[Togo atsia dance]

【多哥阿西亞舞】

【45】(Rhythmic drumming) Nelson Mandela once said, "The curious beauty of African music is that it uplifts even as it tells a sad tale."

(有節(jié)奏的鼓聲) 納爾遜·曼德拉曾經(jīng)說, “非洲音樂的奇妙之美在于 即使它講述了一個悲傷的故事, 也會讓人倍受鼓舞?！?/p>

【46】And I find this to be just as true with dance.

我發(fā)覺舞蹈也有同樣的魔力。

【47】It's restored our hope in times of struggle.

在艱難掙扎時刻,它讓我們重新看到希望。

【48】In South Africa during apartheid, gold miners were not allowed to speak while they worked, so they used their boots to create rhythmic beats of communication, a dance known as the gumboot dance.

在南非種族隔離時期, 金礦工人干活時不許講話, 于是他們就用靴子打出旋律的節(jié)拍來交流, 大家把那叫做雨靴舞。

【49】And then there is zouglou.

后來又有了著名的祖格魯舞。

【50】In the '90s in Cote d'Ivoire, university students facing economic hardship danced by raising their arms into the air as if making a plea.

在 90 年代的科特迪瓦, 經(jīng)濟(jì)困窘的大學(xué)生舞蹈著 把他們的手臂伸向天空,如同在祈求救助。

【51】So we dance to celebrate what we have overcome.

我們也會以舞蹈歡慶戰(zhàn)勝艱難逆境。

【52】And so we find that a dance is not just a movement, but that movement embodies feeling and expression because it carries history and stories.

舞蹈不只是簡單的跳動, 那跳動中包含著我們的情感和述說, 我們的歷史,我們的故事。

【53】Today, our modern African dance is a fusion of styles that have come from different traditional dances that continues to celebrate and appreciate our cultural heritage.

今天,當(dāng)代非洲舞蹈已成為 不同傳統(tǒng)舞蹈風(fēng)格的融合, 繼續(xù)慶祝,傳承和發(fā)揚光大 我們的文化遺產(chǎn)。

【54】Have a look.

請觀賞:

【55】(Electronic dance music)

（電子舞蹈音樂）

【56】[Sangra dance]

【僧伽舞】

【57】[Legwork dance]

[跑腿舞]

【58】[Network dance]

【網(wǎng)絡(luò)舞】

【59】[Zanku dance]

贊庫舞

【60】[Ndombolo dance] Thank you for sharing African dance with me today.

【恩多波羅舞】 感謝你今天和我一起分享非洲舞蹈。