? ? 本周雙更，今天加一篇這個(gè)，明天新聞速覽照常~

????本文是由邁凱倫車隊(duì)策略和運(yùn)動(dòng)主管Randy Singh（蘭迪·辛格）帶來(lái)的伊莫拉站賽后戰(zhàn)術(shù)復(fù)盤(pán)，讓我們看看策略主管眼中的比賽到底和我們一般車迷有什么區(qū)別……

????本文轉(zhuǎn)自邁凱倫官網(wǎng)，原文網(wǎng)址https://www.mclaren.com/racing/2020/emilia-romagna-grand-prix/strategy-debrief/，侵刪。

F1’s first (planned) two-day event produced a race of fine margins and big decisions. We take a deep dive into what happened at the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix.

????F1首個(gè)僅有兩天的比賽周末催生了一場(chǎng)差距細(xì)微但決策重大的比賽，現(xiàn)在我們就將深入了解在Emilia-Romagna大獎(jiǎng)賽中發(fā)生的一切

One of the very great challenges of Formula 1 is the way in which it demands constant adaptability. Cars that last weekend effortlessly smashed the lap record on the wide, smooth asphalt of Portim?o, this week did the same at narrow bumpy Imola. Across the last two months, F1 has visited three circuits in Italy demanding, respectively, ultra-low drag, maximum downforce and, this week, a nebulous something in between. This very much is part of the appeal – though for engineers and strategists trying to navigate a route through it, it can, at times, feel like playing darts blindfolded.

????F1賽事最大的挑戰(zhàn)就是要讓賽車在不同的賽道上擁有良好的適應(yīng)性。上周還在路面寬闊順滑的波爾蒂芒輕松打破圈速紀(jì)錄的賽車在本周狹窄而顛簸的伊莫拉賽道仍然有相同的表現(xiàn)。這在過(guò)去兩個(gè)月中在意大利境內(nèi)舉辦的三場(chǎng)比賽中也體現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致，蒙扎需要極低的阻力，穆杰羅需要最大化下壓力，而本周的伊莫拉則需要在兩者之間找到那個(gè)模糊的平衡點(diǎn)。這是F1這項(xiàng)賽事吸引人的關(guān)鍵因素之一，雖然對(duì)于掌控整場(chǎng)比賽走勢(shì)的工程師和策略師們來(lái)說(shuō)，這有點(diǎn)像是蒙眼玩飛鏢……

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This week, the extra wrinkle was the compressed timescale of a two-day event. With 14 years and one major track reconfiguration since the last time F1 came here, the paucity of relevant data was compounded by practice being restricted to a single session only, held on Saturday morning. To a certain extent, the layout of the Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari came to the aid of strategists: the great difficulty overtaking gave a primacy to track position and made an uninterrupted grand prix a near-certain one-stop affair – but even without the late race Safety Car period, the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix demonstrated how ‘one-stop’ covers?a?multitude of options, because, as we say, F1 demands adaptability.

????本周一個(gè)額外的麻煩是時(shí)間被壓縮到了兩天（譯注：由于葡萄牙到意大利的物流壓力，F(xiàn)IA之前決定將伊莫拉的比賽周末壓縮至兩天，F(xiàn)P被壓縮至周六上午，只有一節(jié)）。自上次F1來(lái)到這條賽道之后已經(jīng)過(guò)去了14年，而且賽道布局也發(fā)生了一次大的變化，相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的收集也因?yàn)镕P被壓縮至一節(jié)而顯得匱乏，這讓情況變得更加復(fù)雜。從某種程度上講，伊莫拉賽道的布局幫助了策略的制定：由于在這條賽道上超車十分困難，所以首要任務(wù)是幫助車手在賽道上保住位置，這也意味著一停幾乎是唯一的選擇，如果在正賽最后時(shí)刻沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)安全車，大家或許會(huì)看到一場(chǎng)真正的一停大獎(jiǎng)賽，正如我們所言，F(xiàn)1這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)需要良好的適應(yīng)性。

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Race in numbers

比賽數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)

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The strategy… in theory

理論上的策略

With no meaningful historic data to work with and just the one session of practice, the ten teams at Imola were all relying heavily on their simulations to provide set-up information. We maximised the 90 minutes on track and ran a split test of all three compounds across the two cars. This provided good data, and confirmed the belief that, given the paucity of overtaking opportunities, this would be a one stop race, with all three strategies in play. In many respects, P9 and P10 weren’t great starting positions. Obviously, P7 and P8 would have been better but – with the benefit of hindsight – P11 and a choice of starting tyre would not have been terrible either.

????由于嚴(yán)重缺乏有意義的歷史數(shù)據(jù)，而且FP也只有一節(jié)，十支車隊(duì)都必須嚴(yán)重依賴模擬器得出的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行賽車調(diào)校。我們最大化地利用了90分鐘的練習(xí)時(shí)間，在兩臺(tái)車上分別完整地測(cè)了三種輪胎的表現(xiàn)，這不僅給我們提供了有益的數(shù)據(jù)，而且也堅(jiān)定了我們要以一停完成比賽的信念，但三種策略都是有可能可行的。從各種角度來(lái)看，P9和P10都不是什么好位置——顯然P7,P8能夠帶來(lái)更好的發(fā)車位置，P11則能夠依靠不同的起步選胎策略，也不會(huì)比這更壞。

“We expected it to be a one-stop given the high pit-loss, and we did think cars starting on the Medium tyre would be in a stronger position than those starting on Softs – though that, perhaps, made to look better by one of the cars starting on the Medium (Sergio Pérez) having really good race pace,” says Randy Singh, Head of Strategy and Sporting. “The first part of the race played out as we expected with those on the Soft struggling a bit more than the Medium runners, with people battling to protect track position as a result. You would probably have preferred being 11th on a new Medium than starting 10th on a used Soft – but it’s not clear-cut either way as it has been at other races.”

????車隊(duì)策略和運(yùn)動(dòng)主管蘭迪辛格表示：“考慮到進(jìn)站損失實(shí)在太大，我們預(yù)計(jì)這場(chǎng)比賽所有人都會(huì)采取一停，而中性胎起步的車手們會(huì)比軟胎起步的車手們優(yōu)勢(shì)更大，當(dāng)然，這樣的觀點(diǎn)可能也是來(lái)源于賽點(diǎn)的佩雷茲的中性胎起步策略收獲了極佳的結(jié)果?！?/p>

????“正賽的進(jìn)程也幾乎和我們預(yù)測(cè)的一樣，在第一個(gè)stint中，軟胎起步的車手們?cè)诒Ｗ∥恢玫臅r(shí)候比其他車手顯得更加掙扎，大家在賽道上的爭(zhēng)奪也就是為了爭(zhēng)一個(gè)更好的進(jìn)站前位置。你可能更希望在起步時(shí)位于P11，拿一套新的中胎而不是一套舊軟胎，但在這里這兩種起步策略并不像在其它賽道上有那么明確的差距。”

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What actually happened

實(shí)際上發(fā)生了什么呢……

Both drivers held position at the start and finished the first lap P9 and P10. In the early stint, Lando was running at a comfortable 2s gap to Daniil Kvyat, with Carlos in close proximity. On Lap Six, Carlos launched an attack on his team-mate and took P9 going into the Tamburello. When Pierre Gasly retired on Lap Eight, they moved up to P8 and P9. Pérez gradually started to gain on Lando, and got within DRS range by Lap 10. Lando pitting on Lap 13, swapping to the Medium tyre. Carlos went a little longer, pitting on Lap 17 and also switching to the Medium tyre.

????兩位車手在起跑時(shí)保住了P9和P10的位置，在比賽開(kāi)始階段，諾里斯和卡菲亞特之間保持著很舒服的2s左右的差距，而賽恩斯則和隊(duì)友之間距離極近。第6圈時(shí)賽恩斯對(duì)隊(duì)友發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊，并在坦布雷羅彎成功拿到了P9。當(dāng)加斯利在第8圈退賽時(shí)，他們的位置就分別升到了P8和P9。之后佩雷茲的速度優(yōu)勢(shì)逐漸顯現(xiàn)，在L10進(jìn)入了諾里斯的DRS范圍內(nèi)。諾里斯選擇在L13進(jìn)站，賽恩斯的一停則來(lái)得更晚一些，但兩人都換上了中胎。

“We saw that other people had already pitted onto the Hard tyre but we chose to fit the Medium because we felt it was the better tyre for the rest of the race,” says Randy. “The Medium was going to be less robust in terms of getting to the flag, – but we were not just looking to get to the end, we also needed to get there as quickly as possible and the Medium had a pace advantage, both in the short-term and over the stint.”

????對(duì)此，蘭迪表示：“我們看到相當(dāng)一部分人在進(jìn)站時(shí)換上了硬胎，但我們認(rèn)為中性胎是剩下的比賽里更好的選擇。中性胎雖然在比賽末期會(huì)顯得比較疲軟，但我們的目標(biāo)不是完成比賽，而是更快地完成比賽，無(wú)論是短期還是長(zhǎng)期，中胎都應(yīng)該擁有一定的速度優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?/span>

Both cars lost a place to Pérez, who was able to go long on his Medium tyres but were on the back of a rapidly compressing train approaching the last 20 per cent of the race, with P5 (Ricciardo) to P10 (Lando) covered by around seven seconds. At this point, on Lap 51, Max Verstappen had a tyre failure and spun out of P2, calling out the Safety Car, at which point Carlos was running P8 and Lando P9. Carlos pitted immediately and swapped to a Used Soft tyre. Based on where the Safety Car had emerged, Lando did not need to double-shuffle, and was able to make his pitstop subsequently, also taking on a Used Soft tyre. With the field bunched by the Safety Car, the race restarted with six laps remaining. Carlos and Lando gained a place when Alex Albon spun out. They finished the race P7 and P8.

????雖然兩臺(tái)車都被用中性胎跑第一個(gè)stint的佩雷茲拿掉了一個(gè)位置，但中游的車手們都?jí)涸诹艘涣谢疖囍?，處于P5的里卡多和處于P10的諾里斯之間只相差短短7秒。在這個(gè)時(shí)候，維斯塔潘在第51圈由于爆胎而退賽，觸發(fā)了安全車，我們的兩位車手位于P8和P9，賽恩斯選擇立即進(jìn)站換上了一套舊軟胎，而基于安全車和后車的位置關(guān)系，諾里斯要進(jìn)站并不需要比較冒險(xiǎn)的同圈雙停，他可以在接下來(lái)的一圈再進(jìn)站，并且也可以換上軟胎。在安全車退出之后，受益于阿爾本的打轉(zhuǎn)，兩位車手于P7和P8完賽。

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?The strategy... explained

一些策略的解釋……

While you would not rank Imola alongside Monaco or Singapore, there are at-least shades of the Hungaroring in the strategic imperatives at the Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari. Key to defending – or making places – was maintaining a good pace through the early phases of the race. Lando was called in on Lap 13 because the team did not want him to lose time fighting with Pérez, and spotted a good gap into which he could pit into. The team opted to fit the Medium tyre at this point because it got up to temperature quicker than the Hard compound, and would have better pace through Lando’s long stint, including the period early in the stint when he was most vulnerable to being passed by the midfield runners starting on the Medium tyre. While Pérez was always expected to gain, the primary concern was Ferrari’s Sebastian Vettel.

????雖然你們不一定會(huì)把伊莫拉和新加坡，摩納哥這樣的賽道并列，但這條賽道的策略處理方式至少有一些亨格羅寧的影子。防守的第一要義就是在比賽的前期保持良好的速度。Lando在第13圈被召回是因?yàn)檐囮?duì)不想讓他在和佩雷茲的纏斗中損失太多速度，而且進(jìn)站窗口也非常合適（之前我在賽后分析中提到的馬哥和拉塞爾之間11秒的窗口）。車隊(duì)給他上中胎的原因是中胎能夠更快的達(dá)到工作溫度，并且在他的長(zhǎng)stint中會(huì)擁有更好的速度，包括他在剛出站這個(gè)最脆的時(shí)期——很容易被中胎起步的中游車手超過(guò)。在我們確認(rèn)佩雷茲賺大了的情況下，這個(gè)主要的對(duì)手變成了瓦特爾（譯注：不過(guò)法拉利直接自爆了，所以這個(gè)假想敵也沒(méi)了……）

During the Safety Car, there was consideration given to leaving Lando out on his old Medium tyre. That would have promoted him to P6 on the road. Ultimately, the team decided to pit Lando. He had voiced a preference for coming in – but that was one of a range of factors that weighed into the decision.

????在安全車期間，我們?cè)紤]過(guò)把諾里斯留在外面，那樣的話他可以擠到P6的位置，但最終我們還是決定讓他進(jìn)站，而且他本人也表示了希望進(jìn)站的傾向——不過(guò)這只是讓他進(jìn)站的眾多考量因素之一。

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Carlos ran a very similar strategy to his team-mate. Consideration had been given to leaving him out longer but, in his case, the impetus for making his first stop on Lap 17 was also a desire to avoid getting into a time-sapping fight with Pérez – plus the possibility of jumping Kvyat. That failed to pay off when, despite completing his stop two-tenths of a second quicker than the Russian, he emerged a car’s length behind.

????卡洛斯（賽恩斯）的策略和隊(duì)友非常相似，我們?cè)?jīng)考慮讓他在外面多跑一陣，不過(guò)基于同樣的問(wèn)題——不在和佩雷茲的纏斗中損失時(shí)間，而且還有一定的機(jī)會(huì)翻掉卡菲亞特，我們決定讓他進(jìn)站。不過(guò)最終這個(gè)undercut的戰(zhàn)術(shù)沒(méi)有成功，雖然他當(dāng)時(shí)的圈速比卡菲亞特快0.2，但他還是在出站后落后了一個(gè)車位。（譯注：出站后兩人相差大概1.2s）

“With Carlos, we could extend a little further than we could with Lando, because Carlos was in a better position before the stops,” says Randy. “There was an opportunity to gain a position by pitting into the train of cars that were behind Ricciardo, but this time it didn’t pay off with the position.”

????“賽恩斯可以比諾里斯的第一個(gè)stint做得更長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗谶M(jìn)站前的位置更好，他本來(lái)有機(jī)會(huì)在里卡多領(lǐng)頭的火車中搶到一個(gè)更好的位置，但是很不幸，這次我們并沒(méi)有拿到這個(gè)位置的‘獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)’?！?/p>

Like Lando, Carlos also took on the Soft tyre at the Safety Car, believing it would offer a restart advantage. Were these stops a good decision? It is still very difficult to say definitively. While Ricciardo prospered from staying out on his Hard tyre, the other leading cars taking the same approach – Alex Albon and Charles Leclerc – faired less well, with Albon losing places and spinning out, and Leclerc being passed by the freshly shod Kvyat.

????和諾里斯一樣，賽恩斯也在SC下進(jìn)站換上了軟胎，他相信這會(huì)在比賽重啟時(shí)帶來(lái)一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)。但這是個(gè)好決策嗎？直到現(xiàn)在我們也難以下一個(gè)定論。在里卡多靠死撐硬胎賺大發(fā)的時(shí)候，同樣堅(jiān)持白胎不進(jìn)站的勒克萊爾和阿爾本卻損失了位置——阿爾本在被佩雷茲超越之后打滑落到了隊(duì)尾，勒克萊爾則被卡菲亞特超過(guò)（譯注：并受到了佩雷茲的嚴(yán)厲攻擊）。

“We’re still looking at whether we made a good decision with the Safety Car stops – I think it’s fair to say it wasn’t the easiest of decisions to make,” says Randy. “At the time, we considered boxing both cars, leaving both cars out or splitting them either way around.”

????“我們?nèi)栽诜此嘉覀兪欠裨赟C狀態(tài)下作出了最有利的決定——平心而論，這不是個(gè)容易做出的決定。當(dāng)時(shí)我們?nèi)N策略都在考慮：兩個(gè)人都進(jìn)站，都放在外面，或者一個(gè)進(jìn)一個(gè)不進(jìn)?！?/p>

The race for the two McLaren drivers had been compromised a little by their starting positions but they clawed back a decent result by both finishing in the points for the first time since the Italian Grand Prix – something none of the team’s rivals managed. With four races of the season remaining, locked in a battle with only a point separating Renault, Racing Point and ourselves, the rest of the season is balanced on a knife-edge. Fantastic for fans: high pressure indeed for anyone calling the shots.

????兩位車手的比賽都受到了發(fā)車位置的影響，但他們本站是在意大利站之后第一次雙車積分完賽，這是其他競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手都沒(méi)能做到的。本賽季還剩下四場(chǎng)比賽，我們和賽點(diǎn)，雷諾之間都只有一分之差，剩下的比賽就像是在刀尖上跳舞，對(duì)于車迷們來(lái)說(shuō)當(dāng)然是很精彩的，但對(duì)于我們這些做決定的人來(lái)說(shuō)，壓力實(shí)在很大。

????感覺(jué)我的翻譯水平下降了……