{"ops":[{"insert":"十三、數(shù)詞\n1.數(shù)詞分為兩類(lèi)：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，基數(shù)詞可以表示數(shù)量的多少，如：\n我要吃三根胡蘿卜里的”三“就是基數(shù)詞，表胡蘿卜的數(shù)量；\n而序數(shù)詞可以表順序的先后，如：\n我要吃第三根胡蘿卜里的”第三“就是序數(shù)詞，表我要吃的具體是哪一根胡蘿卜。\n2.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成形式\n個(gè)位：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/19f4d72214e3d4888164548253f15c621b9b71ed.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":290527,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"11-19\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/6794448b02f7ac403794c7cf08f669728379907d.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":347272,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"20-90\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/92f4f7e8b9d879657aeeef6cd2c2bfb5ffe2611c.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":345237,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"幾十幾，先寫(xiě)幾十再寫(xiě)幾，中間加上連字符：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/686db1c0cec063ac4a8392d31933d866085784bf.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":229422,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"不管是幾百hundred后都不加s，是因?yàn)檫@里的hundred不是名詞，而是數(shù)詞的一部分。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/8b553211f3f29dacc709ae31990b43491b5f6eb4.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":300600,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"幾百幾十幾的話，只用把百用and和幾十幾連接起來(lái)就可以了。\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/9d5148db108675cd6f8ff9262bb5009ad928cb34.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":340937,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"上千到上億的表達(dá)，可以類(lèi)比上百的表達(dá)：\n\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/f9c68ed7c1e3c40196c8b9857e5563754def36cd.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":338023,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"英語(yǔ)是以三位來(lái)劃分：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/75b7db9fdc9cee5e96954835edaae1f01eb559df.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":300367,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"寫(xiě)時(shí)以上的3546一般寫(xiě)成3,546，以方便閱讀，這點(diǎn)和中文的萬(wàn)區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/89094fe865e5f13949b2b24d2a698a1418c64b26.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":328647,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"一個(gè)很大的數(shù)字，只要按三位劃分成幾段，從左側(cè)開(kāi)始，讀出該段的數(shù)字以及之后的單位，再繼續(xù)往右讀下一段，如：\n478873467823按三位劃分后為：478（其后單位為billion）,873(million),467(thousand),823\n讀作：four hundred and seventy-eight billion eight hundred and seventy-three million four hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and twenty-three\n3.基數(shù)詞可充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謀n基數(shù)詞在句子中可以充當(dāng)不同的成分，如：\nOne and two（主語(yǔ)）is three（表語(yǔ)）.\n一加二等于三\nIt costs fifty(Yuan).（做賓語(yǔ)）\n它要（花費(fèi)）50元\nThere are two hundred（定語(yǔ)） sudents.\nYou two（相當(dāng)于把you又說(shuō)了一遍，同位語(yǔ)）can go with me.\n基數(shù)詞還可以表示不確切的數(shù)量，比如成百上千，成千上萬(wàn)就可以說(shuō)：\nhundreds of,thousands of,millions of\n這里的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，加s，表示多個(gè)這樣的計(jì)量單位，如：\nthousands of carrots數(shù)以千計(jì)（幾千根）的胡蘿卜\ntens of thousands of carrots數(shù)以萬(wàn)（多個(gè)”十個(gè)千“）計(jì)的胡蘿卜\nhundreds of thousands of carrots\n幾十萬(wàn)根胡蘿卜\n4.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成形式\n1－19的序數(shù)詞，大多直接在其后加”th“,如：\nseventh第7，thirteenth第13\n但是以下這些序數(shù)例外：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/45251b14cebed8eae4db31f976d158430fd0007b.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":264600,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"第20－第90(第整幾十)\n\n\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/bb59da2fb82b908d0faa69f14b4b5c573c580a97.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":460350,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"第幾十幾，第幾百幾十幾：\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/5f5a0043d4ae693efad56f50e9364ce87c43fe71.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":331087,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"這些序數(shù)詞除了個(gè)位以外都是由基數(shù)詞組成，個(gè)位則是十以內(nèi)的序數(shù)詞。\n5.序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式\n一般直接在阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加th，如：\n7th,13th\n但也有例外，如：\nfirst→1st;\nsecond→2nd\nthird→3rd\n二十以上的序數(shù)詞，則為：\n阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字＋st/nd/rd\n21st,52nd,63rd,101st\n第11，第12，第13還是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加th:\n11th,12th,13th\n6.序數(shù)詞可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謀n主語(yǔ)：The fifth to pay the bill will get this prize.\n第五個(gè)付款的人將得到這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)品。\n賓語(yǔ)：Please give me the second.\n請(qǐng)給我第二個(gè)。\nHe is the 13th person to fall over this morning.\n他是今天早上第13個(gè)摔倒的人了。\n表語(yǔ)：She was the fifth to pay the bill.\n她是第五個(gè)付款的人\n使用序數(shù)詞時(shí)一般要加the，因?yàn)轫樞蛑懒耍喟胧翘刂?。\n但有的情況不能加the，不能亂加,如：\nThis is my first book.\n這是我的第一本書(shū)\n在序數(shù)詞前有其他代詞修飾book了，就表示這個(gè)名詞已經(jīng)被限定了，不能再加the.\n有些用基數(shù)詞的表達(dá)和序數(shù)詞相近，如：\nRoom 315\n315號(hào)房（第315的房間）\nPage 200\n第200頁(yè)\nCatch-22\n第22條軍規(guī)\n不過(guò)the second lesson（第二課）和Lesson 2（第二課）表面上都一樣，但實(shí)際有差別：\nthe second lesson指的是第二節(jié)課，比如上了7節(jié)課，問(wèn)第2節(jié)課上的什么時(shí)，用the second lesson；而Lesson 2更傾向于一門(mén)課程的第二課時(shí)，如數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩個(gè)課時(shí)講，這里的序數(shù)詞用Lesson 2表達(dá)更合適。\n7.數(shù)詞的用法\n①分?jǐn)?shù)\n分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞共同組成的，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，如果分母大于1，分母的序數(shù)詞需加s變成復(fù)數(shù)，如：\none third\n1/3\nthree fifths\n3/5\n另外，二分之一可以說(shuō)成one second，也可以說(shuō)成a half;四分之一可以說(shuō)成one forth/a quarter；四分之三可以說(shuō)成three fourths/three quarters.\n帶分?jǐn)?shù)，就是把整數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)部分用and連接起來(lái)，如：\ntwo and one third二又三分之一\n②小數(shù)\npoint左邊寫(xiě)基數(shù)詞，point右邊按順序?qū)憘€(gè)位基數(shù)詞：\none point three four\n1.34\nzero point five seven\n0.57\ntwelve point eight nine six\n12.896\n③百分?jǐn)?shù)\n就是基數(shù)詞后接百分號(hào)，如：\ntwenty-five percent\n25％\ntwo point five percent\n2.5%\n④倍數(shù)\n表倍數(shù)一般使用half,twice,three times這樣的詞，再搭配固定的表達(dá)，如：\n倍數(shù)＋the +計(jì)量＋of：This carrot is half/twice/three times the size of that one.\n這根胡蘿卜是那根的一半/兩倍/三倍大小。\n倍數(shù)＋as...as...：\nI have half/twice/three times as many carrots as he has.\n我有的胡蘿卜是他有的一半/兩倍/三倍\n倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than:I can eat three times faster than he can.\n我吃東西的速度比他快三倍。\nby＋倍數(shù)：I have increased my income by three times.\n我增加了三倍收入。\n⑤數(shù)字符號(hào)和算術(shù)\n2 plus 2 is 4\n2+2=4\n4 minus 2 is 2\n4-2=2\n2 multiplied by/times 3 is 6.\n2×3=6\n8 divided by 4 is 2\n8÷4=2\n2 squared is 4\n22＝4\n2 cubed is 8\n23=8\n4 is more than 3\n4＞3\n2 is less than 3.\n2＜3\n⑥單位\n時(shí)間\nat seven\n7:00\na quarter past seven/seven fifteen\n7:15\nhalf past seven\n7:30\nten to eight/seven fifty\n7:50\n一般情況下，半點(diǎn)之前用past表示；半點(diǎn)之后用to表示，表差幾分到幾點(diǎn)\n日期\n英式：日/月/年，如：\n12th December 2020\n2020年12月12日\(chéng)n美式：月/日/年\nDecember 12th 2020\n日的表達(dá)是序數(shù)詞，表某個(gè)月的第幾天，讀時(shí)要把the讀出來(lái)。\n500 B.C.(英語(yǔ)before Christ,“基督前”)\n公元前500年\n500 A.D.（公元500年，拉丁語(yǔ)Anno Domini，“主的年份”）\n2020（可以不加A.D.）\n公元2020年\n2020‘s/2020s\n21世紀(jì)20年代\n1980's/1980s\n20世紀(jì)80年代\n長(zhǎng)度\n長(zhǎng)：long(adj.)/length(n.)\n寬：wide(adj.)/width(n.)\n高：high(adj.)/height(n.)\n例句：\n基數(shù)詞＋單位詞（復(fù)數(shù)）＋形容詞（長(zhǎng)寬高）：\nThe river is 1000 meters long.\n這條河有1000m長(zhǎng)\n基數(shù)詞＋單位詞（復(fù)數(shù)）＋in＋名詞（長(zhǎng)寬高）：\nThe river is 1000 meters in length.\nThis room is 20 by 35 meters.\n這個(gè)房間是20米×35米。\n面積的單位是square meters.如：\nThis room is 700 suqare meters.\n這個(gè)房間有700平方米。\nThis box is 8 by 5 by 6 centimeters.\n這個(gè)盒子的長(zhǎng)寬高分別是8厘米，5厘米和6厘米。\n溫度\n37 degrees centigrade/Celsius\n37℃\n37 degrees Fahrenheit\n37℉\n10 degrees below zero\n-10°(當(dāng)大家都知道單位是攝氏度的情況下，可以省略centigrade/Celsius)\n"},{"attributes":{"class":"normal-img"},"insert":{"native-image":{"alt":"read-normal-img","url":"https://b1.sanwen.net/b_article/f9b8737c64c1597440db9295577c85efbd2c298d.jpg","width":2000,"height":1200,"size":327371,"status":"loaded"}}},{"insert":"\n"}]}