高考英語丨考前掃盲清單請收好!
01
單詞拼寫
1.容易錯寫詞尾的單詞
(1)?是ar不是er?:?
grammar,?vinegar,?regular,?popular,?dollar,?beggar,?sugar,?particular?
(2) 是?or?不是er:?
professor,?visitor,?translator,?director,?editor,?educator,?actor,?inventor,?competitor
2.容易顛倒字母順序的單詞(括號中為錯詞)
destroy?(destory)?,?first?(frist)?,?Friday?(Firday)?friend?(firend)?,receive?(recieve)?,?true?(ture), amateur?(amature)
3.容易丟掉一個字母的單詞
(1) 容易丟掉字母n:government,environment,environmental
(2) 容易丟掉不發(fā)音的字母:Christmas,Wednesday
(3) 拼寫比較特別的單詞:committee,guarantee,dilemma,opportunity,bridegroom,spokesman,succeed,competition,F(xiàn)ebruary
4.容易多一個字母的單詞(括號中為錯詞)
develop (develope), habit (habbit), proud (pround), modern (mordern), until?(untill),?souvenir?(souvenire), similar?(similiar)
5.詞形相近,詞義、詞性容易混淆的單詞
quiet一quite,?aboard一abroad,?broad一board,?adopt一adapt,?alone一along,?horse一house,?except一expect, through一thorough,?price一prize一praise,?quality一quantity,?it一it's,?everyday一every day,?beside-besides,?affect一effect,?typewriter一typist,?cook-cooker,?physicist一?physician,?late一later,??latter一lately,?seize一size?,?sweet一sweat,?till一until,?sigh一sign,?weather一whether,?rise一raise,?piece一peace, rough一tough,?steel一steal一still,?sometime一sometimes一some time一sometimes,?past一passed,?wander一wonder,?father一farther一feather,?diary一dairy,?form一from,?hard一hardly,?metal一medal一mental,?than一then,?principle一principal, enable一unable,?overcome一come over,?altitude一attitude
6.該雙寫卻沒有雙寫的單詞
unforgettable,?beginning,?written?,?inferred,?referred?,?occurred
7.不該雙寫卻雙寫的單詞(括號中為錯詞)
writing?(writting)?,?eaten?(eatten)?,?suffer?(sufferred)
8.必須去掉字母e的單詞
unbelievable,?valuable,?argument,?truly
9.不能去掉字母e的單詞
(un)changeable,?(re)chargeable,?hopeful,?envelope,moveable
10.兩個變化非常特別的單詞
panic一panicked一panicking
picnic一picnicked一picnicking?
02
詞性轉(zhuǎn)化容易出錯詞
1.動詞變名詞比較特殊的單詞
describe一description, explain一explanation, pronounce一?pronunciation, permit一permission, conclude一conclusion, admit一admission, prepare一preparation, decide—decision, conclude一conclusion,?arrive一arrival, survive一survival-survivor
2.名詞變形容詞比較特殊的單詞
nature一natural, benefit一?beneficial
3.形容詞變名詞比較特殊的單詞
curious一curiosity, able一ability, dangerous一danger, anxious一anxiety, broad一breadth, long一length, wide一width, deep一depth, responsible一responsibility
4.形容詞變副詞不去e的單詞
(un)fortunate一(un)fortunately, immediate一immediately, absolute一absolutely, rude一rudely, approximate一approximately, desperate一desperately, large一largely, accurate一accurately
但true-truly !
5.形容詞與副詞同形的單詞
straight,fast,late,hard
6.形容詞變副詞,去e加y的單詞(以-ble,pIe結(jié)尾的單詞,去e加y就好)
simple一simply,(im)possible一(im)possibly, probable一probably,(un)comfortable一(un)comfortably
7.基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為序數(shù)詞比較特殊的單詞
one一?first, two一 second, three一third, five一fifth, eight一eighth, nine一ninth, twelve一twelfth
整數(shù)位的一ty要改為一tieth,如twenty一twentieth, sixty一sixtieth
另外,注意這些數(shù)詞的變化:four一fourteen一forty , five一fifteen一fifty
03
常見??嫉姆穸ㄔ~
1. un一:unusual, unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected
2. im一:impossible, impolite, immoral
3. in一:incorrect, inconvenient, informal
4. ir一?: irregular, irrelevant
5. ab一:abnormal
6. dis一:disagree, disappear, dislike
7. il一:illegal, illogical
04
常見??嫉拿~
1.最??嫉?0個不可數(shù)名詞
fun, information, progress , news , homework, housework, furniture, advice, baggage/luggage
2.復(fù)數(shù)變化比較特別的幾組名詞
(1)變詞尾f (fe)為v再加es的單詞
"賊”(thief一thieves)的“妻子”(wife一wives)用“架子”(shelf一shelves) -上的一把小“刀”(knife一knives)和“半”(half一halves)片“樹葉”(leaf一leaves)“親自”(self一selves)殺死了“狼”(wolf一wolves)的“生命”(life一lives)
(2)以o結(jié)尾加一es作復(fù)數(shù)的單詞
他們在“龍卷風(fēng)”(tornadoes)中吃“土豆”(potatoes)和“西紅柿”(tomatoes),真是“英雄”(heroes)?。?/p>
(3)單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù),變化較特殊的單詞
passer-by/passers-by,German/Germans
05
常見常考的代詞變化
I一me一my一mine一myself
he一him一his一his一himself
they一them一their一theirs一themselves
we一us一our一ours一ourselves
06
考綱不規(guī)則動詞136
高考詞匯表中所列出的不規(guī)則動詞有136個:
write/begin/say/eat/run/study/lie/lay/raise/teach/catch/go/buy/sell/drink/fall/feel/find/found/hear/keep/fly/pay/tell/ring/seek/sleep/spread/read/steal/win/bite/beat/ride/swim等等。?
07
各類作文基本框架
1.書信(email)一開頭和結(jié)尾已寫好,不作為考查內(nèi)容。
格式:A. inside address(時間),B. greeting, C. body, D. closing , E. signature
注意謀篇布局,合理安排要點(diǎn),孰先孰后。
2. 日記一格式:日期、星期、天氣。
用第一人稱、過去時態(tài)。開好頭(簡單介紹所做的重要或有意義之事),結(jié)好尾(談感受和認(rèn)識),把握好時間的過渡與空間的位移表達(dá)(接下來,然后,…)。
3. 口頭通知(廣播稿)一Notice & Announcement
開頭:稱呼語(引起注意)
正文:將何時何地將有何事整合成一個含有將來時的句子
結(jié)尾:That's ?all. Thank you.
4. 圖畫類(看圖作文)一以記敘文為主。
研讀文字提示,確定寫作人稱(一/三)及人物之間的關(guān)系/身份;看懂圖畫內(nèi)容,弄清圖與圖之間的聯(lián)系;理解圖中細(xì)節(jié)(細(xì)節(jié)是為中心服務(wù)的),避免讀圖錯誤;看清注意事項(xiàng),列出寫作要點(diǎn)。
5. 表格類一用文段表達(dá)表格信息。通盤考慮,變更調(diào)整,優(yōu)化組合內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),避免字句支離破碎。
6. 圖表類一以議論文為主,注意篩選典型數(shù)據(jù)。有三種提示方式:圓形圖(餅狀圖/圓面分割圖)曲線圖(坐標(biāo)圖)及條形圖(立柱圖/圓柱圖)
行文安排一般分為三段:
第一段:概述圖表中數(shù)據(jù)變化反映的問題/主要現(xiàn)象/總趨勢;
第二段:分析產(chǎn)生的原因;
第三段:預(yù)測展望未來(好事);建議解決方案(壞事);結(jié)合自身,談個人看法(中性)。
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