文章來源：《經(jīng)濟學人》Jul 29th 2023 期 Business 欄目 The driving soundscape

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Motoring’s soundtrack use to be generated by the petrol engine and car radio.?Near-silent battery power and?snazzy?infotainment?systems have provided an aural void—and a high-tech way to fill it.?Carmakers are giving their electric vehicles’?occupants, and anyone within earshot, an alternative set of sounds to enliven the journey.

曾經(jīng)，汽車的聲音來自于汽油發(fā)動機和車載收音機。隨著幾乎無聲電池動力和時尚信息娛樂系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)，造成了一種聽覺上的空白，但也提供了一種高科技的方式來填補空白。汽車制造商為旗下電動汽車乘客以及周圍的人提供了一組替代音效，來增添旅程的趣味。

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One trend is to replace the roar of a petrol engine with the roar of a petrol engine.?Artificial-noise generation offers a flavour of the past in the cars of the future.?Many EVs can blast passengers with fake engine noises just as the engine sound of cars has long been tweaked and tuned in sportier models to sound more?raucous?in the cabin than on the road.?Some new models can now?inflict?that?cacophony?on the outside world.

趨勢之一是用一種汽油發(fā)動機的轟鳴聲取代另一種汽油發(fā)動機的轟鳴聲。人工噪音的產(chǎn)生為未來的汽車增添了懷舊元素。許多電動汽車可以通過假的發(fā)動機轟鳴聲給乘客帶來震撼，就像跑車發(fā)動機聲音經(jīng)過長期的調(diào)整和調(diào)音一樣，使得車內(nèi)聲音比車外更嘈雜?，F(xiàn)在，一些新車型可以向車外發(fā)出這種嘈雜聲。

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The Abarth 500e, Fiat’s souped-up electric version of its popular small car, was launched last year with a speaker in its bumper to mimic the petrol version.?Hyundai’s?hot-hatch?EV, the Ioniq 5 N, likely to go on sale this year, goes one better.?As well as broadcasting car noises it can also?screech?like a fighter jet and, for added driver feedback, will?jolt?slightly between fake gear changes.

菲亞特去年推出的阿巴斯500e是廣受歡迎的高性能電動版小型車，這款車的保險杠上安裝了揚聲器，用來模仿燃油車的聲音。現(xiàn)代的性能小鋼炮 Ioniq 5 N 預計在今年上市，聲效方面會更勝一籌。除了有汽車轟鳴聲外，它還可以模仿戰(zhàn)斗機的尖叫聲，為了增加駕駛員的真實體驗感，它在假的換擋動作中會輕微顛簸。

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The future is as important as the past when it comes to filling the empty?stave?of electric motoring.?EVs usually come with an array of large screens filled with?whizzy?graphics that demand tuneful accompaniment and an array of new functions that gives an opportunity for a fresh chorus of bleeps, trills?and?bongs.?Meanwhile, regulators in America and Europe insist that EVs emit noises to let pedestrians know they are approaching (the 500e’s warning is a?strumming?guitar).

在填補電動汽車的音效空白時，未來元素與過去元素同樣重要。電動汽車通常會配備一系列大屏幕，屏幕上滿是精美動感的圖形，這些圖形需要有旋律優(yōu)美的伴奏，而一系列新功能則為 "嗶嗶"、"顫顫 "和 "砰砰 "的新合唱提供了機會。與此同時，美國和歐洲的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)堅持要求電動汽車必須發(fā)出聲音，以讓行人知道車輛在靠近（阿巴斯500e發(fā)出的是吉他彈奏聲）。

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Some companies, like Mercedes-Benz, leave these acoustic signals to in-house technicians.?Others, like Renault, reckon that their sounds will “underline its singular identity”, and enlist noted musicians.?Videos recently posted on the French firm’s website highlight its collaboration with Jean-Michel Jarre, a pioneer of electronic music.?It follows a trail blazed by BMW, which in 2019 engaged Hans Zimmer, better known for his Oscar-winning film scores, as its resident composer.?Fortunately for motorists pining for the peace and quiet of the EV age, all these options come with an “off” switch.

梅賽德斯.奔馳等車企將這些聲音信號留給內(nèi)部技術(shù)人員處理。而雷諾等其他車企則認為他們的汽車聲音將“突顯其獨特的身份”，還聘請了著名音樂家。最近雷諾在法國公司網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布了一段視頻，重點介紹了公司與電子音樂先驅(qū)讓.米歇爾.賈爾之間的合作。這一做法是寶馬開創(chuàng)的先河，寶馬在2019年聘請了漢斯·季默作為其駐場作曲家。漢斯因作為奧斯卡獲獎電影的配樂師而聞名。幸運的是，對于渴望在電動汽車時代享受寧靜的駕駛者來說，所有這些選項都帶有一個“關(guān)閉”按鈕。