牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

Developer Diary | Switzerland #1

CarloPDX, Sergeant

Hey everyone! You probably don't know me, but I'm Carlo, the Content Designer in charge of Switzerland for BBA. I'm very excited to present to you all, the Swiss Focus Tree, our first circular focus tree, allowing Switzerland to go back and forth between the Make Fondue and Stay Neutral focuses. Through the power of Fondue and Chill, plus all that Nazi gold, Switzerland will prevail over its rivals by completely staying out of the war in absolute comfort and safety.

大家吼啊！各位可能不認(rèn)得我，我是Carlo，是唯有浴血BBA中負(fù)責(zé)瑞士的內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)師。我非常興奮能向各位展示瑞士的國(guó)策樹(shù)，這也是我們首個(gè)循環(huán)國(guó)策樹(shù)，能讓瑞士在“保持中立”和“制作芝士火鍋”（譯注：Fondue是瑞士、德意志南部等地區(qū)的一種傳統(tǒng)食物）這兩個(gè)國(guó)策之中反復(fù)橫跳。有了芝士火鍋和群山寒風(fēng)之力，再坐擁那一大堆納粹黃金，瑞士能以絕對(duì)安全和舒適的方式將自己完全置身于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之外，贏到手腳發(fā)麻了。

[Record Scratch Sound] If that's how you imagine Swiss life during World War II, I got news for you buddy, that is far from how it went.

[錄制雜音]如果這是大家臆想中瑞士人的二戰(zhàn)生活，那我只能說(shuō)，差遠(yuǎn)了兄弟們。

Yes, Switzerland is not a country most people associate with World War II games, but that doesn’t mean it doesn't have a place in HoI, and in this Dev Diary I hope to bring you to my side of the Alps and show you how interesting and unique Switzerland can be in Hearts of Iron IV.

對(duì)，大多數(shù)人并不會(huì)把瑞士這個(gè)國(guó)家和一個(gè)二戰(zhàn)游戲聯(lián)想起來(lái)，但這不代表他在鋼鐵雄心中沒(méi)有一席之地。在本篇開(kāi)發(fā)日志里，我希望能為大家展示我對(duì)這個(gè)阿爾卑斯山間國(guó)家的理解，并且展示出瑞士在鋼鐵雄心4中的獨(dú)特之處及樂(lè)趣。

First, it's always a good idea to have a bit of historical context. Switzerland was founded in the late Middle Ages and from the start, it was a loose confederation of small territories near the alps (3 at this point). They pledged to help each other militarily and economically. This oath, or Eidgenossenschaft as it's lovingly abbreviated, kept growing while always maintaining a decentralized government centered on the cantons, and with a strong military reputation (Despite their current neutrality). Then Napoleon forced Switzerland into a centralized 'Helvetic Republic', which didn't last long. Swiss Neutrality was established after the fall of Napoleon and of this Helvetic Republic, and then finally, in 1848 they became the Switzerland we know and love after adopting the 1848 Constitution following a short revolution (Revolutions were all the rage that year).

首先，來(lái)點(diǎn)正經(jīng)的歷史背景總是好的。瑞士這個(gè)概念出現(xiàn)在中世紀(jì)晚期，起初是一個(gè)由阿爾卑斯山周邊的領(lǐng)地組成的松散邦聯(lián)（成立之初有3個(gè)州，譯注：即“三森林州”，烏里州、施維茨州和翁特瓦爾登州）。他們承諾互相給予軍事和經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。這個(gè)盟約，即所謂宣誓同盟Eidgenossenschaft繼續(xù)發(fā)展壯大，并且在擴(kuò)張的同時(shí)始終保持以各州為中心的分權(quán)政府，并且維持強(qiáng)大的軍事聲譽(yù)（盡管當(dāng)時(shí)仍保持中立）。此后，拿破侖強(qiáng)迫瑞士變成了中央集權(quán)制的“赫爾維蒂共和國(guó)”，可惜國(guó)祚略短。在拿破侖敗退及赫爾維蒂共和國(guó)覆亡后，瑞士的中立得以確立。最終，在1848年的短暫（且在當(dāng)年風(fēng)靡大陸的）革命并完成1848年立憲后，她就成為了我們現(xiàn)今所熟知的瑞士聯(lián)邦。

So what's the Switzerland we know and love? A country with 4 different populations living as one in a period of rising ethno-nationalism. The oldest continuous democracy in Europe, second in the world only to the United States, and arguably, the most direct democracy in our times, and even more so in the 1930s. Each canton and the confederation itself decide most of their laws through referendums and a limited representative body. If you've ever wondered why the Country Leader of Switzerland is a building, that's not because it gained sentience, but because there is no Swiss President/Dictator/Regent as other countries have; The Swiss confederation is led by the bi-cameral Federal Assembly and a Federal Council of 7, with a mostly ceremonial 'First among equals' Presidential role; only the whole Federal Council can act as the Head of State, not a single member.

那么為我們所知和喜愛(ài)的瑞士是什么樣子的？在種族及民族主義思潮迸發(fā)的時(shí)期有四個(gè)民族共居一家的國(guó)家，歐洲最古老和最持續(xù)的民主政權(quán)（時(shí)長(zhǎng)居世界第二，僅次于美國(guó)），而且可以說(shuō)是當(dāng)今世界上最直接民主的政權(quán)（在20世紀(jì)30年代時(shí)更甚）。每個(gè)州和聯(lián)邦本身通過(guò)公民投票和有限代表體制決定本國(guó)絕大部分法律。如果大家曾好奇過(guò)為什么瑞士的國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是一幢建筑，不是因?yàn)樗徐`氣，而是因?yàn)槿鹗繅焊鶝](méi)有像其他國(guó)家那樣的總統(tǒng)/獨(dú)裁者/攝政。瑞士聯(lián)邦由兩院制聯(lián)邦議會(huì)和7人組成的聯(lián)邦委員會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，總統(tǒng)職位基本上是禮儀性的“平等者的首席”，只有整個(gè)聯(lián)邦委員會(huì)才能執(zhí)行國(guó)家元首的職責(zé)，而非某個(gè)成員。

Switzerland in 1936 is a country gripped by the fear of war breaking out. Thanks to Germany going through Belgium during The Great War, they know that their status as a neutral country is not sacred, and when their two biggest neighbors, the Third Reich and France inevitably clash, there's a real possibility one of them will stomp through Switzerland to avoid the other's defenses. How to avoid this, while keeping Swiss Democracy alive, and being ready in case it actually happens are the main pillars of playing Historical Switzerland in Hearts of Iron IV.

1936年，瑞士全國(guó)上下充斥著對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的恐懼。由于一戰(zhàn)時(shí)德國(guó)曾借道比利時(shí)，瑞士驚覺(jué)他們的中立國(guó)地位并無(wú)實(shí)效，而當(dāng)接鄰的第三帝國(guó)和法蘭西兩個(gè)強(qiáng)權(quán)不可避免地走入戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之時(shí)，德法雙方確實(shí)有可能假道伐瑞來(lái)避開(kāi)對(duì)方正面防線。如何在確保瑞士民主存續(xù)的同時(shí)，避免上述情況，或當(dāng)事態(tài)來(lái)臨時(shí)做好準(zhǔn)備，便是鋼鐵雄心4中游玩瑞士史實(shí)線的主要內(nèi)容。

So what does the Swiss Focus Tree look like? Well like this:

那么現(xiàn)今的瑞士國(guó)策樹(shù)如何呢？目前大致是這樣：

Because this one's more of a focus mountain than a focus tree, you always start at the peak, with the center being the historical path, and the sides the two planned alt-history branches, but it always starts with the Swiss Guiding Principles focus. This will initiate the Balance of Power system for Switzerland and trigger an event where you can choose the general direction Switzerland will take. Let's stop to talk a bit about the Swiss version of the Balance of power:

整套國(guó)策更像是“國(guó)策山”而非“國(guó)策樹(shù)”。國(guó)策路線固定從山頂開(kāi)始，中間是史實(shí)路線，兩側(cè)是目前規(guī)劃的兩條架空歷史路線，但國(guó)策總是從瑞士指導(dǎo)原則Swiss Guiding Principles開(kāi)始。這個(gè)國(guó)策將啟動(dòng)瑞士的權(quán)力平衡系統(tǒng)，并會(huì)觸發(fā)事件來(lái)讓玩家選擇瑞士整體發(fā)展方向。國(guó)策先談到這里，我們來(lái)看看瑞士版的權(quán)力平衡系統(tǒng)吧。

If you don’t know what the Balance of power is, make sure to read Mano de Zombi’s amazing and gargantuan Dev Diary.

還未了解權(quán)力平衡系統(tǒng)的朋友，記得先讀讀Mano de Zombi的絕妙開(kāi)發(fā)日志。

Switzerland's path through the Hearts of Iron period will depend heavily on where the power lays. Is the power mostly on the cantons? That means it will go the way it went historically, with local citizen militias and limited council power, which made it hard for the country to ally with a foreign power, but at the same time, prevented a central government from being intimidated into capitulation. If instead, the Balance of Power is in the council, you'll be locked out of part of the Historical Path in the middle, but when the BoP closes a door, it opens a window into the two alt-history paths. That's a topic for my next dev diary though.

在鋼鐵雄心的時(shí)間線中，瑞士的路線很大程度上取決于其權(quán)力的歸屬。權(quán)力主要下放各州嗎？那么瑞士便會(huì)走上史實(shí)路線，比如地方民兵和限制聯(lián)邦委員會(huì)權(quán)力，讓瑞士難以與他國(guó)勢(shì)力結(jié)盟，但同時(shí)也避免出現(xiàn)能受恐嚇并妥協(xié)的中央政府。另一方面，如果權(quán)力平衡偏向聯(lián)邦委員會(huì)，則會(huì)鎖定史實(shí)路線中間的部分國(guó)策不可選。不過(guò)，權(quán)力平衡關(guān)上了一道門，必然會(huì)給玩家打開(kāi)另兩條架空歷史線的窗。不過(guò)這是下篇開(kāi)發(fā)日志的內(nèi)容了。

Each side and segment has its advantages too, the more cantonal power, the cheaper assigning advisors will be, and moving it to the council will grant you War Support. Some of the decisions in the other systems will depend on it, and others will affect it, so keeping an eye on it will be vital to your survival.

權(quán)力平衡兩側(cè)和各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都有各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)：州權(quán)越大，任命顧問(wèn)的花費(fèi)就越低，而轉(zhuǎn)向委員會(huì)掌權(quán)則會(huì)提供戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)支持度。其他機(jī)制的一些決議也會(huì)依賴于或影響權(quán)力破壞，因此對(duì)權(quán)力平衡保持關(guān)注是生存的重點(diǎn)。

Now let's keep going down the slope. These two focuses will kickstart the rearmament of Switzerland, giving you a National Spirit that will be helpful for you no matter which path you choose and can be upgraded later.

我們繼續(xù)看國(guó)策樹(shù)。這兩個(gè)國(guó)策會(huì)開(kāi)始瑞士的重新武裝，并提供一個(gè)民族精神。它在后續(xù)選擇任何分支的情況下都會(huì)很有用，也會(huì)隨著國(guó)策樹(shù)的推進(jìn)而獲得升級(jí)。

Switzerland had committed to defending their country both physically and spiritually in 1935; we saw the beginning on the physical part with the rearmament focuses, and now it's time to recommit to the spiritual bit. This will unlock the Spirit of Helvetia National Spirit, in its passive mode.

1935年時(shí)，瑞士已在現(xiàn)實(shí)和精神層面上都決意要保衛(wèi)國(guó)家。我們已經(jīng)介紹了現(xiàn)實(shí)部分的重新武裝國(guó)策，現(xiàn)在讓我們轉(zhuǎn)向精神層面。下面的國(guó)策會(huì)激活民族精神赫爾維蒂婭之魂Spirit of Helvetia，但卻是消極模式。

As you progress through the Historical path, it will change to a defensive stance, an aggressive stance if you go alt-history or it might just stay in the passive stance. Each one also has an "at war" variation, and different modifiers for the six of them.

隨著在史實(shí)路線上前進(jìn)，這個(gè)民族精神會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)為防御態(tài)勢(shì)；選擇架空歷史則會(huì)成為進(jìn)攻態(tài)勢(shì)，或者也能保持消極態(tài)勢(shì)。每種態(tài)勢(shì)都有對(duì)應(yīng)的“戰(zhàn)時(shí)”變體，并有對(duì)應(yīng)不同的各類修正。

This is fine…

不也挺好嗎……

In case you're wondering who this Helvetia person is, I must take you back to the Helvetic History Hole(tm): Back in Roman Empire times, a tribe called the Helvetii lived in what we now know as the Swiss Plateau, so people since have used the adjective "helvetic" to define confederations, republics and organizations in and around this area, specially after Napoleon created the "Helvetic Republic". Due to the multilingual nature of Switzerland, its official name in Latin is Confoederatio Helvetica (Yes, that's where the font name comes from) and its internet domain is ".CH". From this root, in the 17th century Helvetia is popularized, the personification of Switzerland and the Swiss people, featured in coins, statues, stamps and World War II Grand Strategy games. That's who Helvetia is.

如果有好奇赫爾維蒂婭是哪位的朋友們，讓我?guī)Т蠹一氐胶諣柧S蒂歷史之窟?：在羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期，有個(gè)名為赫爾維蒂的部落就定居于現(xiàn)今所謂的瑞士高原，自此人們便用“赫爾維蒂”來(lái)指代瑞士地區(qū)內(nèi)及其周邊的聯(lián)邦、共和國(guó)和組織，尤其是拿破侖創(chuàng)立赫爾維蒂共和國(guó)后。由于瑞士多語(yǔ)言的情況，瑞士的官方名稱采用了拉丁語(yǔ)赫爾維蒂聯(lián)邦Confoederatio Helvetica，（也是這個(gè)民族精神的命名來(lái)源）。瑞士的域名后綴.CH也是源自這個(gè)。十七世紀(jì)開(kāi)始，從這個(gè)詞源發(fā)展來(lái)的“赫爾維蒂婭”一詞開(kāi)始廣泛應(yīng)用，并作為瑞士和瑞士人民的擬人形象，在硬幣、雕像，郵票上使用，以及現(xiàn)今的二戰(zhàn)背景大戰(zhàn)略游戲中出現(xiàn)。這就是赫爾維蒂婭。

Ok, so far, I haven't given you much of a chance to deviate from history, and that’s because up to this point, this is a nation very committed to Democracy, Neutrality and Grassroots Defense, and even the alt-history paths will stem from the desire to keep these. Here is where the slope starts to open up:

目前我還沒(méi)給大家太多偏離歷史的機(jī)會(huì)，這是因?yàn)槟壳叭鹗咳允窍喈?dāng)推崇民主、中立和全民防御的國(guó)家，連架空歷史路線也是以維護(hù)這些原則為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)的。以下便是歷史的進(jìn)程可能選取的其他道路：

Historically, Switzerland fortified their borders with its three biggest neighbors, and the three countries it shares languages with, and with good reason, they all wanted to walk through Switzerland towards their enemy, and thought their shared language would serve as an excuse to annex it, or a possible door to friendly relations and taking them from neutrals to allies. Naturally though, fortifying against a country can be seen as suspicious, and that's why this triggers the start of a very important system: Absolute Neutrality.

史實(shí)中的瑞士加固了和語(yǔ)言共通的三大鄰國(guó)接壤的邊境，原因也很合理：畢竟三家都想借道瑞士分別向敵人進(jìn)軍，也都認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言共通能成為他們吞并瑞士的借口，或單單作為換取瑞士友誼的開(kāi)端，以便將瑞士從中立國(guó)變?yōu)樽约旱拿擞?。但是，在與他國(guó)邊境上加設(shè)防御自然會(huì)被認(rèn)作可疑舉動(dòng)，這也觸發(fā)了瑞士非常重要的機(jī)制的開(kāi)端：絕對(duì)中立Absolute Neutrality。

As a small neutral nation, you want to keep a balance between all countries around you so none of them feel like you're favoring one over the other, otherwise, they could use it as a way to argue that you've broken your neutrality, and prompt them to invade. This system keeps track of your biggest neighbors' opinion of you, and allows you to appease them or antagonize them; most actions will have repercussions to the other countries' perception of you. If one of the countries considers you in grave violation of your neutrality, and has a very negative opinion of you, it'll trigger a timer, at the end of which they'll get a wargoal against you and likely invade Switzerland, so you better scramble and do anything in your power to calm them, or it's game over.

作為一個(gè)中立的小國(guó)，瑞士會(huì)傾向于維持與周邊所有國(guó)家關(guān)系的平衡，防止有人認(rèn)為她偏向某國(guó)，以便他們宣稱瑞士打破了中立保證，并以此為由入侵。這個(gè)機(jī)制將持續(xù)關(guān)注鄰國(guó)的看法，并允許瑞士討好或激怒他們，大多數(shù)決議都會(huì)對(duì)其他國(guó)家的看法造成影響。如果某個(gè)鄰國(guó)認(rèn)為瑞士嚴(yán)重違反了中立承諾，而且關(guān)系極差的話就會(huì)啟動(dòng)倒計(jì)時(shí)，倒計(jì)時(shí)結(jié)尾會(huì)給這個(gè)國(guó)家提供針對(duì)瑞士的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)借口，并很有可能發(fā)動(dòng)入侵，所以你最好趕緊行動(dòng)起來(lái)，并采取一切可行的措施安撫他們，否則這局游戲可能要到此結(jié)束了。

This system is pretty flexible and can keep track of up to 4 majors around Switzerland, and even adjusts if one or more are in a faction. Also, many focuses will have negative and positive effects on this system, and others will require you to reach a certain opinion of them before starting them, so it's integrated into how you play as Switzerland.

這個(gè)系統(tǒng)比較靈活，最多可以關(guān)注瑞士周圍的4個(gè)主要國(guó)家，并根據(jù)他們加入陣營(yíng)的情況做出相應(yīng)調(diào)整。另外，很多國(guó)策也會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)機(jī)制有負(fù)面或正面的效果，其它國(guó)策也會(huì)要求鄰國(guó)對(duì)你有相應(yīng)關(guān)系值才能采用，這套機(jī)制會(huì)融入玩家扮演瑞士的游戲體驗(yàn)中。

After Ban the Swiss Nazi Party (Which does what it says on the tin, plus some negative opinion modifiers), we have the Armed Neutrality branch. This is the central defensive branch of the Swiss tree, and unlocks another system we need to talk about: The Swiss Citizen Militias.

在取締瑞士納粹政黨后（效果正如其名，還會(huì)外加提供一些負(fù)面關(guān)系修正），我們準(zhǔn)備了武裝中立路線。這是瑞士國(guó)策樹(shù)中部的防御分支，并會(huì)解鎖另外一個(gè)我們會(huì)稍后介紹的重要機(jī)制：瑞士公民武裝。

Going back to the Helvetic History Hole now. Because of Switzerland's political system, there's no centralized government powerful enough to conscript a large standing army, but on account of where Switzerland is located, it needs to have the ability to defend itself, or at least deter other countries from invading. This is why historically, the Swiss Army relied on training their population and giving them the required equipment to keep at home, so when needed, they would take up arms and form local militias. This means that they could have up to 20% of their population ready to be deployed in as quickly as 24 hours to stand up to any invaders. This is why Historical Switzerland's military needed its own system.

現(xiàn)在讓我們回到赫爾維蒂的歷史。由于政治體制的緣故，瑞士并沒(méi)有大權(quán)獨(dú)攬的中央集權(quán)政府來(lái)征召維持龐大的常備軍，但考慮到瑞士的地緣環(huán)境，她仍然需要保護(hù)自己的手段，或者至少威懾其他國(guó)家以防止入侵。這也是為什么史實(shí)中的瑞士軍隊(duì)依賴于全民訓(xùn)練，并允許公民在家持械，以便在必要時(shí)可以直接武裝起來(lái)并組成地方民兵部隊(duì)。這意味著瑞士可以在24小時(shí)內(nèi)讓20%的人口做好部署準(zhǔn)備，應(yīng)對(duì)任何入侵者。因此史實(shí)路線的瑞士軍隊(duì)也需要其獨(dú)特的機(jī)制。

Switzerland will start with a unique Recruitment Law giving it 10% recruitable population, and no negative effects, that's because the enlisted population is still participating in the economy. The downside is that you cannot train regular troops, only some mountaineers, to represent their small professional army, whose purpose was holding out for 24 hours until the civilian militias were ready.

瑞士開(kāi)局時(shí)將擁有一個(gè)提供10%可招募人口但是沒(méi)有負(fù)面效果的獨(dú)特征兵法案，這是因?yàn)槭苷髂嫉娜丝谶€是參與經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的。該法案的負(fù)面作用是你無(wú)法訓(xùn)練除了一些山地部隊(duì)外的常規(guī)部隊(duì)，以此來(lái)體現(xiàn)瑞士的少量職業(yè)軍人，他們將堅(jiān)持抵抗24小時(shí)直至民兵就位。

To make up the bulk of the army, you can train Militias (Italy's DD also explains this new battalion type). There is a cap to how many divisions you can train, it's a locked template and on top of that, the Dormant Citizen Militias National Spirit makes them very weak, but that's ok, you can deal with these issues by earning, and spending Military Readiness.

你可以訓(xùn)練民兵來(lái)構(gòu)成軍隊(duì)的主干（意大利日志也解釋了這種新的營(yíng)級(jí)部隊(duì)類型）?？捎?xùn)練的民兵部隊(duì)有數(shù)量上限而且鎖定編制，另外民族精神“休眠的民兵Dormant Citizen Militias”使得他們戰(zhàn)力虛弱。不過(guò)這不要緊，你可以通過(guò)獲取并消耗戰(zhàn)備度Military Readiness來(lái)解決該問(wèn)題。

You can find this system in the Decisions panel, and it lets you use Political Power, Command Power and other resources to gain Military Readiness, and then you can spend it to improve the Militias Template, increase the amount you can train, expand the Military Readiness cap, even increase your military production; but most importantly deploying your Citizen Militias, which removes Dormant Citizen Militia and adds Active Citizen Militia, allowing them to perform at their true level, but giving your economy some penalties, which grow the longer you keep them active.

你可以在決議面板中找到這個(gè)系統(tǒng)，它可以讓你花費(fèi)政治點(diǎn)數(shù)、指揮點(diǎn)數(shù)和其他資源來(lái)獲得戰(zhàn)備度，接下來(lái)你可以將其用于改進(jìn)民兵編制、增加可訓(xùn)練民兵營(yíng)數(shù)量、提高戰(zhàn)備度上限，甚至提高軍工產(chǎn)量。不過(guò)最重要的還是通過(guò)部署民兵部隊(duì)來(lái)移除“休眠的民兵”并添加“服役的民兵Active Citizen Militia”民族精神，來(lái)讓民兵發(fā)揮其真實(shí)的作戰(zhàn)水平，但是會(huì)給你帶來(lái)隨著服役時(shí)間持續(xù)而惡化的一些經(jīng)濟(jì)懲罰。

Back to the Focus tree, under Armed Neutrality you'll find three branches; The Promote Guisan Branch, the Frontier Defense Plan Branch and a shared one in between. The Frontier Defense Plan was Switzerland's old strategy of fortifying the borders, and not giving any ground to the enemy, so this sub-branch focuses on improving divisions, and fortifying the borders. Historically, this plan was abandoned when Guisan was promoted to General and Commander-In-Chief.

回到國(guó)策樹(shù)，在“武裝中立”國(guó)策下面有三個(gè)分支：“提拔吉?！薄ⅰ斑吘撤烙?jì)劃”和中間的共享路線。邊境防御計(jì)劃是瑞士筑防邊境、寸土不讓的舊戰(zhàn)略，因此該路線聚焦于改進(jìn)師級(jí)編制和邊境要塞化。歷史上的該計(jì)劃在吉桑被提拔為上將與總司令（譯注：瑞士平時(shí)不設(shè)上將，見(jiàn)下文）后被放棄。

Another of the many quirks of the Swiss military and political systems, is that their military ranks only go up to Corps Commander, and there can only be a single General (Who also acts as Commander-In-Chief) when the country is at risk of, or at war. Only 4 people have been assigned this role, and the last was our guy Henri Guisan in 1939, who brought the strategy the Promote Henri Guisan sub-branch focuses on. Broadly speaking, the Réduit National approach consisted in letting the enemy advance through the Swiss Plateau and systematically retreat the armed forces to well fortyfied and supplied forts along the alps. Once there, they could maintain their extremely favorable positions and wreak havoc on the enemy, stuck on the exposed Swiss Plateau. The expectation was not necessarily to liberate the rest of the country, but to make it clear taking Switzerland wouldn't be easy, and thus deterring any invaders. This is why this sub-branch focuses on making it easier for you to hold out in the mountains for as long as possible, and even adds the Gotthard Pass victory point, which becomes the capital once Bern is lost.

瑞士軍事與政治體系諸怪事之一，是他們的最高軍銜只到中將Corps Commander（譯注：德語(yǔ)為Korpskommandant，直譯為“軍團(tuán)指揮官”），只在國(guó)家有可能陷入或已經(jīng)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)，才會(huì)提拔一位上將General（同時(shí)作為總司令）。歷史上只有4人擔(dān)當(dāng)過(guò)此職務(wù)，最近一位就是1939年大家都認(rèn)識(shí)的亨利·吉桑，他提出的戰(zhàn)略也是“提拔亨利·吉?！甭肪€的重點(diǎn)。整體來(lái)說(shuō)，“國(guó)家堡壘”策略意在誘敵深入瑞士高原，并有組織地將武裝部隊(duì)撤退至阿爾卑斯山一帶防備森嚴(yán)、補(bǔ)給充足的要塞群。部隊(duì)一旦到位就能占據(jù)地利，痛擊阻塞在瑞士高原開(kāi)闊處的敵軍。該計(jì)劃的目的并非解放剩余國(guó)土，而是體現(xiàn)侵略瑞士將會(huì)難上加難，從而阻嚇任何來(lái)犯之?dāng)?。這也是為什么該路線聚焦于讓瑞士能更容易且盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地固守山地，甚至在圣哥達(dá)山口添加了勝利點(diǎn)，如果伯爾尼淪陷便可改該地作為首都。

Ok, that's the Armed Neutrality branch done, now on to the rest!

好的，“武裝中立”分支講完了，現(xiàn)在看看其它的！

Switzerland's neutrality and proximity to the conflict made it a prime stage for espionage, for both the Allies and Axis, so of course, the Swiss government also needed to keep up with it, often collaborating with the Allies, and, sometimes unknowingly, with the Soviet Union through the Lucy Spy ring. On the historical part of this focus tree, you have two ways of getting a free Intelligence Agency:

瑞士的中立和臨近沖突地區(qū)的特性使得它同時(shí)成為了同盟國(guó)和軸心國(guó)的首要諜報(bào)地帶，因此瑞士政府也需要利用這一點(diǎn)，時(shí)常與盟軍合作，有時(shí)也會(huì)悄悄通過(guò)路西情報(bào)網(wǎng)Lucy Spy Ring（譯注：二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期在瑞士和蘇聯(lián)有聯(lián)系的反納粹情報(bào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)）與蘇聯(lián)合作。在該國(guó)策樹(shù)的歷史部分，你有兩種方式來(lái)獲得免費(fèi)的情報(bào)部門。

Federal Police Intelligence establishes the agency of the same name, an extension of the existing Federal Police, and gives you a National Spirit with a bonus to counter intelligence, and opens the door SpAb to further counteract foreign intelligence efforts, and other fun militaristic alt-history stuff I won't talk about today.

“聯(lián)邦警察情報(bào)局”會(huì)建立同名情報(bào)部門，作為現(xiàn)有聯(lián)邦警察的延伸，并且會(huì)提供一個(gè)有反間諜加成的民族精神。完成這個(gè)國(guó)策還能解鎖“SpAb (SpionageAbwehr)”來(lái)進(jìn)一步反制外國(guó)諜報(bào)，還有其他我今天不會(huì)說(shuō)的架空歷史路線的軍事內(nèi)容。

On the other side we have Buero Ha, which focuses on building spy networks in other countries and opens up a bunch of defensive, cultural and resistance oriented focuses. Ha History Hole: The Swiss government couldn't risk other countries finding out they were gathering intelligence on them, so to keep it under wraps and have a measure of deniability, they established a covert pseudo-independent intelligence office; Hans Hausamann's Büro Ha (The "Ha" part comes from his name). It was an office in a hotel in Teufen with a couple of desks, and they gathered and reported on intelligence from different sources, including the Lucy Spy Ring, which deserves its own historical rabbit hole but not today.

在另一邊我們有“哈局Buero Ha”，注重在別國(guó)建立間諜網(wǎng)和解鎖一些防御、文化和抵抗相關(guān)的國(guó)策?！肮帧钡臍v史是這樣的：瑞士政府不能讓其他國(guó)家發(fā)現(xiàn)瑞士正在收集他們的情報(bào)，于是對(duì)情報(bào)部門的存在秘而不宣、拒絕承認(rèn)。瑞士建立了一個(gè)隱秘的、偽獨(dú)立的情報(bào)辦公室：漢斯·豪薩曼的哈局（“Ha”得名于他的名字）。這間位于托伊芬的一家酒店的辦公室只有幾臺(tái)桌椅，工作人員在此從各個(gè)源頭搜集并匯報(bào)情報(bào)，包括來(lái)自路西情報(bào)網(wǎng)的消息，而它也有自己的歷史地位，只不過(guò)我們今天按下不表。

And that, in very broad strokes, is the Swiss Focus Tree, but there's still some important things to talk about.

至此，基本上就是瑞士國(guó)策樹(shù)了，但還有一些需要談及的重要內(nèi)容。

I've babbled on about Switzerland's unique political system in real life, but now it's time to explain how it's being represented in HoI4: Switzerland will start with 3 assigned political advisors, and these represent the 'leading' Federal Councilors (Out of the 7 on the real council), plus a President of the Confederation. Each advisor has one of the new traits unique to Switzerland, most of which correspond to the advisor's role and/or political position during the period. Each year, starting from 1937, you’ll get an event prompting you to elect a new president from your active advisors, this advisor will be removed, and retired forever, but for the next year you’ll get a powerful decision based on the trait they had when they were advisors. After that you better assign a new advisor quickly, or you’ll suffer the consequences of an empty seat. In total there will be at least 25 Political Advisors to choose from with at least 10 different traits, that I hope will make for an engaging and unique system, and a key to the Alternate paths through its interactions with the Balance of Power. More about that on my next Dev Diary.

我嘮過(guò)了現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中瑞士獨(dú)特的政治體系，也該介紹一下鋼鐵雄心4中它的具體表現(xiàn)形式了。瑞士開(kāi)局會(huì)有三個(gè)已指派的政治顧問(wèn)，他們代表（實(shí)際聯(lián)邦委員會(huì)的七人中間）“領(lǐng)頭”的委員，以及聯(lián)邦主席1名。每個(gè)顧問(wèn)都附帶瑞士獨(dú)有的新特質(zhì)，主要對(duì)應(yīng)該時(shí)期內(nèi)顧問(wèn)的職務(wù)以及/或是政治職位。自1937年起，每年都會(huì)有提出自現(xiàn)任顧問(wèn)中選舉主席的事件，選擇的顧問(wèn)會(huì)自此移出游戲并永遠(yuǎn)退休，但下一年會(huì)獲得基于其顧問(wèn)特質(zhì)的強(qiáng)大決議。此后要盡快指派新的顧問(wèn)，不然就要承擔(dān)席位空缺的損失?？偣矔?huì)有至少25個(gè)政治顧問(wèn)可以選擇，以及至少10個(gè)不同類型的特質(zhì)，我希望能以此創(chuàng)造一個(gè)富有沉浸感且獨(dú)特的機(jī)制；另外走向架空路線的關(guān)鍵之一就是如何處理權(quán)力平衡。更多內(nèi)容詳見(jiàn)下篇日志。

At this point you've probably noticed that the map has changed a bit in and around the Alps, let me explain what we've done: The most important change is that we reshuffled the states in Switzerland, it now has five states: The Swiss Plateau, Western Swiss Alps, Eastern Swiss Alps, Ticino and Jura Mountains (Fun fact, this is where the term Jurassic comes from), there's also some new Victory Points. On top of that, Austria did get something after all, Voralberg, a new state I might talk about in the next Dev Diary.

這會(huì)兒大家應(yīng)該注意到阿爾卑斯山周圍地圖有了點(diǎn)改動(dòng)，讓我做一下說(shuō)明：最重要的是對(duì)瑞士各地區(qū)的改動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在共有5個(gè)地區(qū)：瑞士高原、瑞士阿爾卑斯西部、瑞士阿爾卑斯東部、提契諾和侏羅山脈（侏羅紀(jì)這個(gè)詞就來(lái)源于此），還有一些新的勝利點(diǎn)。此外，奧地利還是有了點(diǎn)調(diào)整，下篇日志可能會(huì)談到的是新地區(qū)福拉爾貝格。

The other change you might've noticed is that a lot of the provinces along the alps now have impassable borders, helping represent how much of an obstacle the alps were in moving troops and attacking (Unless you happen to have elephants), and showcasing one of Switzerland's bargaining chips during this period: the Saint Gotthard Pass. This route was vital as a fast passage between Germany and Italy, and the possibility of its destruction was a major deterrent against Invasion. HoI4's Switzerland now has 2 out of the 3 connections through the alps, making it a more tempting prize for anyone playing one of its neighbors; German command even considered invading Switzerland as a way of retreating from Italy in the late stages of the war.

大家能注意到的其他改動(dòng)可能是阿爾卑斯山沿線很多省份的不可通行邊界，此舉有助于體現(xiàn)穿過(guò)山脈進(jìn)攻有多困難（除非你有大象），以及展現(xiàn)該時(shí)期瑞士的一個(gè)重要籌碼：圣哥達(dá)山口。這個(gè)關(guān)鍵山口是德意相通的最快路徑，“該處可能被毀”是瑞士防備入侵的一個(gè)主要威懾手段。鋼鐵雄心4的瑞士現(xiàn)在控制阿爾卑斯山脈三處通道中的兩個(gè)，讓其成為扮演鄰國(guó)的玩家心心念念的一個(gè)大獎(jiǎng)。德國(guó)指揮部在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)末期甚至層考慮以入侵瑞士作為撤離意大利的途徑。

'

And that’s about it. If these 2800+ words didn’t at least pique your interest in the Swiss Focus tree, well… We do have one extra card up our sleeve:

至此本篇日志差不多啦，如果2800多詞的文本還沒(méi)能勾起大家對(duì)瑞士國(guó)策樹(shù)的興趣，我們還有最后一手。

Switzerland will feature the first dog in a Focus Icon, also featured as a National Spirit: Brandy the St Bernard. The focus Spirit of Saint Bernard will give bonuses for Field Hospitals, slightly ahistorical, but worth it.

瑞士將擁有首個(gè)使用狗狗圖標(biāo)的國(guó)策樹(shù)，這個(gè)圖標(biāo)還會(huì)用在民族精神“圣伯納德犬布蘭地”上。這個(gè)民族精神會(huì)為野戰(zhàn)醫(yī)院提供加成，有點(diǎn)不合史實(shí)，但值了。

Hope this Dev Diary helped you understand all the ways the real Switzerland was and continues to be fascinating, and how it serves as a great base for unique gameplay for Hearts of Iron IV, or at the very least provided some mild entertainment and a nice dog picture.

希望本篇開(kāi)發(fā)日志有助于各位了解真實(shí)的瑞士曾是什么樣的，以及她如何繼續(xù)保持光彩亮麗，以及這段歷史如何成為鋼鐵雄心4內(nèi)獨(dú)特有趣游戲體驗(yàn)的基石，再不濟(jì)至少能帶點(diǎn)樂(lè)子和萌犬養(yǎng)眼。

And if you won't have to wait too long for another super interesting country, because next week, it's Ethiopia time! A country that has always been pivotal to World War II, now gets to have its moment to shine in Hearts of Iron IV.

下個(gè)趣味滿滿的國(guó)家也不會(huì)讓大家等太久，下周是埃塞俄比亞時(shí)間啦！一直對(duì)二戰(zhàn)至關(guān)重要的這個(gè)國(guó)家，現(xiàn)今有機(jī)會(huì)在鋼鐵雄心4里大放光彩了。

翻譯：人間面包 Raymond Strategemeta視力不好的胡德

校對(duì)：zzztotoso 三等文官猹中堂

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