push on

phrasal verb with push verb

to?continue?doing something,?especially?when this is?difficult:

They are?pushing?on with?their?campaign?for?improved?childcare?facilities.

· fundraise /?f?nd?re?z/

o V to raise money for a cause 為目標(biāo)而籌錢(qián)

· restructure /ri??str?kt??/

1. V-T To restructure an organization or system means to change the way it is organized, usually in order to make it work more effectively. 重新建構(gòu)

? The president called on educators and politicians to help him restructure American education.
該總統(tǒng)號(hào)召教育家和政治家們幫助他重新建構(gòu)美國(guó)的教育。

2. N-VAR 重新建構(gòu)

? The company is to lay off 1,520 workers as part of a restructuring.
作為改組的一部分，這家公司將解雇1520名工人。

· revamp /ri??v?mp/

1. V-T If someone revamps something, they make changes to it in order to try and improve it. 修改; 改進(jìn)

? All the country's political parties have accepted that it is time to revamp the system.
這個(gè)國(guó)家的所有政黨都認(rèn)可現(xiàn)在是改革這一體制的時(shí)候了。

2. N-SING Revamp is also a noun. 修改; 改進(jìn)

? The revamp includes replacing the old navy uniform with a crisp blue and white cotton outfit.
改進(jìn)的內(nèi)容包括將舊海軍制服換成清新的藍(lán)白相間的棉套裝。

block·bust·er?n.?/?bl?kb?st?(r)/

(?informal?) something very successful, especially a very successful book or film/movie 一鳴驚人的事物；（尤指）非常成功的書(shū)（或電影）

• ??a Hollywood blockbuster 一部好萊塢大片

DERIVATIVES 派生詞

block·bust·ing?adj

• ?a blockbusting performance 引起轟動(dòng)的演出

· call off

o PHRASAL VERB If you call off an event that has been planned, you cancel it. 取消

? He has called off the trip.
他取消了這次旅行。

move forward with

1. To advance forward while simultaneously causing someone or something to advance forward as well. The player moved forward with the ball and kicked it toward the net. The man moved forward with his three children through the crowd.

2. To begin undertaking, developing, or making progress in some activity or project as planned. We've had some setbacks, but it's important that we keep moving forward with our original idea. We can move forward with construction as soon as we have the necessary permits.

pull out

(of something)

1.?to withdraw from something. For some reason, he pulled out of the coalition and went his own way. The other side got impatient with the negotiations and pulled out.

2.?to drive out of something, such as a driveway, parking space, garage, etc. The car pulled out of the driveway and nearly hit a truck. Look out! A car is about to pull out!

fil·ing?n.?/?fa?l??/

1. [ U] the act of putting documents, letters, etc. into a file 存檔；歸檔

2. [ C] ( especially?NAmE?) something that is placed in an official record 存檔檔案；歸檔記錄

?a bankruptcy filing 破產(chǎn)檔案

3. filings [ pl.] very small pieces of metal, made when a larger piece of metal is filed 銼屑

?iron filings 鐵銼屑

· void /v??d/

1. N-COUNT If you describe a situation or a feeling as a void, you mean that it seems empty because there is nothing interesting or worthwhile about it. 空白; 空虛感

? His death has left a void in the entertainment world that can never be filled.
他的去世在娛樂(lè)界留下了一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法填補(bǔ)的空白。

2. N-COUNT You can describe a large or frightening space as a void. (空間) 大而恐怖的

? He stared into the dark void where the battle had been fought.
他凝望著那一大片黑洞洞的空地，那里曾是戰(zhàn)斗的地方。

3. ADJ Something that is void or null and void is officially considered to have no value or authority. 無(wú)效的

? The original elections were declared void by the former military ruler.
原來(lái)的選舉被前軍事首領(lǐng)宣布為無(wú)效。

4. ADJ If you are void of something, you do not have any of it. 沒(méi)有…的

? He rose, his face void of emotion as he walked toward the door.
他站了起來(lái)，面無(wú)表情地朝門(mén)口走去。

5. V-T To void something means to officially say that it is not valid. 正式宣布…無(wú)效

? The Supreme Court threw out the confession and voided his conviction for murder.
最高法院駁回供狀，宣布他的謀殺罪判決無(wú)效。

pru·dent?adj.?/?pru?dnt/

sensible and careful when you make judgements and decisions; avoiding unnecessary risks 謹(jǐn)慎的；慎重的；精明的

·???a prudent businessman 精明的商人

·???a prudent decision/investment 審慎的決定╱投資

·???It might be more prudent to get a second opinion before going ahead. 行動(dòng)之前再征求一下意見(jiàn)也許更為慎重。

OPP?imprudent

DERIVATIVES 派生詞

1. pru·dence?/?dns/?n.?[?U]

——note at?care

2. pru·dent·ly?adv.

high-?profile?adj.

[ usually before noun] receiving or involving a lot of attention and discussion on television, in newspapers, etc. 經(jīng)常出鏡（或見(jiàn)報(bào)）的；高姿態(tài)的

• ??a high-profile campaign 廣受關(guān)注的運(yùn)動(dòng)

——see also profile

thicket?n.?/?θ?k?t/

1. a group of bushes or small trees growing closely together 灌木叢；樹(shù)叢

2. a large number of things that are not easy to understand or separate 錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜；盤(pán)根錯(cuò)節(jié)

obs·tacle?n.?/??bst?kl/

1. ~ (to sth/to doing sth)a situation, an event, etc. that makes it difficult for you to do or achieve sth 障礙；阻礙；絆腳石

SYN?hindrance

?A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job. 學(xué)歷不足可能成為謀職的主要障礙。

?So far, we have managed to overcome all the obstacles that have been placed in our path. 至此，我們已設(shè)法排除了設(shè)置在道路上的一切障礙。

2. an object that is in your way and that makes it difficult for you to move forward 障礙物；絆腳石

?The area was full of streams and bogs and other natural obstacles. 此地遍布小溪、泥潭和其他天然障礙。

3. ( in?showjumping?障礙賽馬 ) a fence, etc. for a horse to jump over 障礙柵欄；障礙

· shrink /?r??k/

1. V-I If cloth or clothing shrinks, it becomes smaller in size, usually as a result of being washed. 縮水

? People were short in those days – or else those military uniforms all shrank in the wash!
那個(gè)年代人們很矮–要么就是那些軍裝在洗滌時(shí)全都縮水了！

2. V-T/V-I If something shrinks or something else shrinks it, it becomes smaller. 使縮小; 縮小

? The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk.
西非那片廣袤的森林已經(jīng)縮小了。

3. V-I If you shrink away from someone or something, you move away from them because you are frightened, shocked, or disgusted by them. (因害怕、震驚或厭惡) 避開(kāi)

? One child shrinks away from me when I try to talk to him.
我試著和這個(gè)孩子說(shuō)話時(shí)，他避開(kāi)了我。

4. V-I If you do not shrink from a task or duty, you do it even though it is unpleasant or dangerous. 逃避 (不愉快或危險(xiǎn)的事)

? He is decisive and won't shrink from a fight.
他很果斷，而且不會(huì)逃避戰(zhàn)斗。

5. N-COUNT A shrink is a psychiatrist. 精神病醫(yī)生

? I've seen a shrink already.
我已經(jīng)看過(guò)了精神病醫(yī)生。

6. no shrinking violet → violet

· grinding /?ɡra?nd??/

1. ADJ If you describe a bad situation as grinding, you mean it never gets better, changes, or ends. 令人難以忍受的

? Their grandfather had left his village in order to escape the grinding poverty.
他們的祖父離開(kāi)自己的村莊以躲避令人難以忍受的貧窮。

2. ADV undefined

? Nursing was ill-paid and grindingly hard work.
護(hù)理工作報(bào)酬低而且工作強(qiáng)度令人難以忍受。

3. PHRASE If you say that something comes to a grinding halt, you are emphasizing that it stops very suddenly, especially before it was meant to. 突然停下

? A car will come to a grinding halt if you put water in the gas tank.
如果你往油箱里加水，汽車(chē)會(huì)突然停下。

4. →see also grind

· rectification /?r?kt?f??ke???n/

|TEM8

o N-UNCOUNT The rectification of something that is wrong is the act of changing it to make it correct or satisfactory. 矯正

? ...the rectification of an injustice.
...一種不公正的矯正。

· funnel /?f?n?l/

1. N-COUNT A funnel is an object with a wide, circular top and a narrow short tube at the bottom. Funnels are used to pour liquids into containers which have a small opening, for example, bottles. 漏斗

? Rain falls through the funnel into the jar below.
雨水通過(guò)漏斗落進(jìn)下面的罐子里。

2. N-COUNT A funnel is a metal chimney on a ship or railway engine powered by steam. (蒸汽輪船或火車(chē)機(jī)車(chē)的) 煙囪

? ...a ship with three masts and two funnels.
…一艘有3根桅桿和2個(gè)煙囪的輪船。

3. N-COUNT You can describe as a funnel something that is narrow, or narrow at one end, through which a substance flows and is directed. 漏斗狀物

? Along the road, funnels of dark grey smoke rose from bombed villages.
沿那條公路，暗灰色煙成漏斗狀從遭到轟炸的村莊里升起。

4. V-T/V-I If something funnels somewhere or is funnelled there, it is directed through a narrow space. 使經(jīng)過(guò)狹窄空間; 經(jīng)過(guò)狹窄空間

? The winds came from the north, across the plains, funnelling down the valley.
風(fēng)從北方吹來(lái)，刮過(guò)平原，穿過(guò)山谷。

5. V-T If you funnel money, goods, or information from one place or group to another, you cause it to be sent there as it becomes available. 傳送 (資金、商品、信息等)

? He secretly funnelled credit-card information to counterfeiters.
他秘密地將信用卡信息傳送給了偽造者們。

hive?/ha?v/

PHRASAL VERBS 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

• 1.?hive sth←→?off (to/into sth)

[ often passive] ( especially?BrE?) to separate one part of a group from the rest; to sell part of a business 把一部分分離出來(lái)；賣(mài)掉公司的一部分

• ?The IT department is being hived off into a new company. 信息技術(shù)部正被分離出來(lái)，成立新公司。

· enlarge /?n?lɑ?d?/

1. V-T/V-I When you enlarge something or when it enlarges, it becomes bigger. 擴(kuò)大

? The college has announced its intention to enlarge its stadium.
該學(xué)院已宣布了擴(kuò)建其體育館的打算。

2. V-I If you enlarge on something that has been mentioned, you give more details about it. 詳述

? He didn't enlarge on the form that the interim government and assembly would take.
他未詳述臨時(shí)政府和議會(huì)將會(huì)采取的形式。

· rein in

reiningreinedreins

o PHRASAL VERB To rein in something means to control it. 控制

? Many people have begun looking for long-term ways to rein in spending.
很多人已經(jīng)開(kāi)始尋找控制開(kāi)支的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)方式。

· overhaul

1. V-T If a piece of equipment is overhauled, it is cleaned, checked thoroughly, and repaired if necessary. 全面檢修

? They had ensured the plumbing was overhauled a year ago.
他們確保管道設(shè)備一年前已被徹底檢修過(guò)。

2. N-COUNT Overhaul is also a noun. 全面檢修

? ...the overhaul of a cruiser.
…一艘巡洋艦的全面檢修。

3. V-T If you overhaul a system or method, you examine it carefully and make many changes in it in order to improve it. 改革; 修訂

? ...proposals to overhaul bank regulations.
…修訂銀行規(guī)章的提議。

4. N-COUNT Overhaul is also a noun. 改革; 修訂

? The study says there must be a complete overhaul of air traffic control systems.
研究稱必須對(duì)航空交通管理系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行徹底的改革。

odds?n.?/?dz/

[?pl.]

1. ( usually the odds ) the degree to which sth is likely to happen （事物發(fā)生的）可能性，概率，幾率，機(jī)會(huì)

?The odds are?very much?in our favour?(= we are likely to succeed)?. 我方勝算的幾率極大。

?The odds?are heavily?against him?(= he is not likely to succeed)?. 他成功的幾率很小。

?The odds are that?(= it is likely that)?she'll win. 她有可能會(huì)贏。

?What are the odds?(= how likely is it)?he won't turn up? 他不會(huì)露面的可能性有多大？

2. something that makes it seem impossible to do or achieve sth 不利條件；掣肘的事情；逆境

?They secured a victory in the face of overwhelming odds. 盡管情況非常不利，他們?nèi)缘玫搅藙倮?/p>

?Against all (the) odds?, he made a full recovery. 在兇多吉少的情形下，他終于完全康復(fù)了。

3. ( in betting 打賭 ) the connection between two numbers that shows how much money sb will receive if they win a bet 投注賠率

?odds of ten to one?(= ten times the amount of money that has been bet by sb will be paid to them if they win)?十比一的賠率

?They are offering?long/short odds?(= the prize money will be high/low because there is a high/low risk of losing)?on the defending champion. 他們?yōu)樾l(wèi)冕者開(kāi)出了高╱低賠率。

(?figurative)

?I'll?lay odds?on him getting the job?(= I'm sure he will get it)?. 我敢說(shuō)他能得到這份工作。

IDIOMS 習(xí)語(yǔ)

· 1. BE AT ?ODDS (WITH STH)

to be different from sth, when the two things should be the same （與…）有差異，相矛盾

SYN?conflict

o??These findings are at odds with what is going on in the rest of the country. 這些研究結(jié)果與國(guó)內(nèi)其他地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況并不相符。

· 2. BE AT ?ODDS (WITH SB) (OVER/ON STH)

to disagree with sb about sth （就某事）（與某人）有分歧

o??He's always at odds with his father over politics. 他在政治上總是與他父親的意見(jiàn)相左。

· 3. IT MAKES NO ?ODDS

(?especially BrE?informal?) used to say that sth is not important 沒(méi)關(guān)系；無(wú)所謂；無(wú)差別

o??It makes no odds to me whether you go or stay. 你的去留與我無(wú)關(guān)。

· 4. OVER THE ?ODDS

(?BrE?informal?) more money than you would normally expect （比期望的）價(jià)錢(qián)高

o??Many collectors are willing to pay over the odds for early examples of his work. 許多收藏家都肯出高價(jià)買(mǎi)他早期的作品。

——more at?stacked

?treasure trove?n.

1. [ U] [ Cusually sing.] valuable things that are found hidden and whose owner is unknown 無(wú)主財(cái)寶

2. [ Cusually sing.] a place, book, etc. containing many useful or beautiful things 寶藏，寶庫(kù)（貯藏珍寶、知識(shí)等）

· meant /m?nt/

1. Meant is the past tense and past participle of mean. (mean)的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞

2. ADJ You use meant to to say that something or someone was intended to be or do a particular thing, especially when they have failed to be or do it. 原本

? I can't say any more, it's meant to be a big secret.
我再也無(wú)可奉告了，這原本是個(gè)大秘密。

? Everything is meant to be businesslike.
所有的事情原本應(yīng)該是公事公辦的。

3. ADJ If something is meant for particular people or for a particular situation, it is intended for those people or for that situation. 為…而做的

? Fairy tales weren't just meant for children.
童話故事不單單是為孩子們寫(xiě)的。

? The seeds were not meant for human consumption.
這些種子并不是給人吃的。

4. PHRASE If you say that something is meant to happen, you mean that it is expected to happen or that it ought to happen. 理應(yīng)

? The peculiar thing about getting engaged is that you're meant to announce it to everyone.
訂婚特別要做的事是你理應(yīng)該向每個(gè)人宣布你訂婚了。

5. PHRASE If you say that something is meant to have a particular quality or characteristic, you mean that it has a reputation for being like that. 公認(rèn)

? The Spurs are meant to be one of the top teams in the league.
馬刺隊(duì)被公認(rèn)為是聯(lián)盟中的強(qiáng)隊(duì)之一。