紅色：主句主干部分 藍(lán)色：從句主干部分 黃色：從句連詞、關(guān)系代詞 （）：修飾成分，包括定語、狀語等 灰色：插入語、例句 下劃線：詞匯詞組 綠色：長難句分析 高亮：連詞

思考題：

圖書館有哪些作用和好處？

積累到哪些圖書館相關(guān)詞匯？

標(biāo)題與導(dǎo)語

The Guardian view on libraries: bring back borrowers

《衛(wèi)報(bào)》關(guān)于圖書館的社論：把借書人帶回來吧

• borrow v. 借 -borrower n. 借方
• lend v. 出借 -lender n. 貸方

Loans fell dramatically (during the pandemic), while website visits rose. If the service is to survive further cuts, it needs users

疫情期間，借書量急劇下降，而網(wǎng)站訪問量卻增加了。 如果圖書館要在進(jìn)一步削減中生存下來，它需要用戶

• loan n. 貸款；借出

a car loan 購車貸款

The book I wanted was out on loan.

我要的書借出去了。

• dramatically adv. 急劇地
• cut n. 削減 ~ in sth.

price/tax/job cuts 減價(jià)；減稅；裁員

第一段

Libraries are romantic yet prosaic places. The romance is that of reading, and the wealth (of human imagining and learning) that is contained in them.

圖書館是既浪漫又乏味的地方。 浪漫是閱讀的浪漫，以及其中蘊(yùn)含的人類想象和學(xué)習(xí)的財(cái)富。

核心結(jié)構(gòu)為the romance is A and B

? that of reading指的是that (romance) of reading

? that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾human imagining and learning

• prosaic adj. 乏味的、平淡無奇的

the prosaic side of life 生活平淡的一面

• the wealth of sth. 大量的、充裕的

Access (to the knowledge and literary art) (poetry, fiction, drama) (in a library) is precious, priceless – and particularly valuable (to young minds and people (of any age) (with an interest (in education)).

在圖書館中獲取知識(shí)和文學(xué)藝術(shù)（詩歌、小說、戲?。┦菍氋F的、無價(jià)的——對于年輕人和對教育感興趣的任何年齡的人來說尤其有價(jià)值。

• literary adj. 文學(xué)的

literary art 文學(xué)藝術(shù)

• poetry n. 詩歌
• fiction n. 小說
• drama n. 戲劇

“The library was the place I went to find out what there was to know. It was absolutely essential,” said the novelist Zadie Smith (of her own early life).

“圖書館是我去了解有什么需要知道的地方，這絕對是必不可少的，” 小說家扎迪·史密斯談到她自己的早年生活時(shí)說道。

The library was the place...后面是一個(gè)省略了where或that的定語從句，一般情況下where做關(guān)系副詞時(shí)是不可以省略的，但如果先行詞是the place，后面的引導(dǎo)詞既可以是where也可以是that，that可以省略。what there was to know是一個(gè)名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，充當(dāng)find out的賓語，其中be to do結(jié)構(gòu)表示“將要做某事、必須做某事”。

• essential adj. 必不可少的
• novelist n. 小說家

poet n. 詩人

dramatist n. 劇作家/編劇

段落大意：

圖書館浪漫的原因：能夠進(jìn)行閱讀、想象、學(xué)習(xí)，能夠獲取知識(shí)、接觸文藝、接受教育。

第二段

The prosaic side of libraries is more physical.

圖書館平淡無奇的一面是和物質(zhì)相關(guān)的。

• physical adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的、物質(zhì)的

This is the world of buildings, shelving, books as objects, library cards, fines, computers – and people (with bodies that take up space) as well as minds that can be opened.

這是一個(gè)由建筑物、書架、實(shí)體書、借書證、罰款、電腦——以及擁有占據(jù)空間的身體和可以打開的思想的人的世界。

• shelving n. 架子、擱板
• library card n. 借閱證
• fine n. 罰金

It would be hard to find anyone who actively disapproves of libraries, and the principles of self-improvement and pleasure that they stand for.

很難找到有人積極反對圖書館，以及他們所代表的自我完善和快樂的原則。

• disapprove of sth. 不贊成某事

approve of sth./sb. 贊同某事/某人

• self-improvement 自我提升

But when it comes to practicalities, Britain’s libraries are on less solid ground.

但從實(shí)際情況來看，英國圖書館并沒有那么十足的把握。

• practicalities n. 實(shí)際情況
• solid ground 堅(jiān)實(shí)的土地；十足把握

To make sure that he was on solid ground, he confirmed his findings with others.

為了確保有十分的把握，他把自己的研究結(jié)果向其他人作了核實(shí)。

The sector has been cut massively (in the past decade), (with around 800 libraries (across England, Scotland and Wales disappearing).

在過去的十年里，圖書館被大規(guī)模削減，英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士大約有 800 家圖書館消失了。

with + n. + doing做伴隨狀語

• sector n. 行業(yè)，部門，領(lǐng)域
• massively adv. 極大地

段落大意：

從物質(zhì)上來說，圖書館平淡乏味。盡管很多人嘴上說著支持圖書館，實(shí)際上圖書館還是不受歡迎，過去十年數(shù)量大幅減少。

第三段

The first Covid lockdown prompted a new surge of interest (in reading), as the idea took hold that people (forced to stay at home) would spend more time with their noses (in books) – both finding out more about viral pandemics and escaping from them.

第一次疫情封城導(dǎo)致了新一輪閱讀興趣的激增，因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為被迫呆在家里的人會(huì)花更多時(shí)間在書本上——一方面進(jìn)一步了解這場由病毒引發(fā)的大流行病，另一方面是為了逃離疫情的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句補(bǔ)充說明主句, that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句修飾idea，動(dòng)詞take hold前置避免頭重腳輕。

• lockdown n. 封鎖，封城
• prompt v. 促使
• surge n. 激增
• take hold 緊緊抓住，開始起作用、取得控制

The fever was beginning to take hold.

發(fā)燒開始厲害起來。

• viral adj. 病毒引起的；廣為傳播的

virus n. 病毒

But the latest data (regarding libraries) is sobering reading (for anyone) who values them as bricks-and-mortar places to go, and as places to sit, use the internet, or seek advice from a librarian – as well as databases.

但是，對于那些將圖書館視為去逛和坐下來的實(shí)體場所、使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或向圖書館員尋求建議的地方以及數(shù)據(jù)庫的人來說，有關(guān)圖書館的最新數(shù)據(jù)是令人警醒的。

• sobering adj. 令人警醒的

a sobering effect/experience/thought 令人警醒的效果、經(jīng)歷、思想等

• bricks-and-morta adj. 實(shí)體的 = brick-and-mortar

brick-and-mortar store n. 實(shí)體店

• database n. 數(shù)據(jù)庫

The number of books (borrowed in the year ending) (in March 2021) was 72.9m, down 56% (on the previous year).

截至 2021 年 3 月的年度圖書借閱量為 7290 萬冊，同比下降 56%。

Physical visits also collapsed, (from 214.6m to 59.7m), (with a glint of silver lining (in the fact) that website visits grew (by 18% to 154.7m).

圖書館實(shí)際到訪量也從 2.146 億暴跌到 5970 萬，但黑暗中還有一束微光閃現(xiàn)：網(wǎng)站訪問量增長了 18% 至 1.547 億。

• collapse v. 突然暴跌
• a glint of sth. .....的微光、閃現(xiàn)

a glint of anger 憤怒的目光

• silver lining 黑暗中一線光明

every cloud has a silver lining 朵朵烏云襯銀邊

段落大意：

盡管疫情初期閱讀興趣出現(xiàn)激增，但總體數(shù)據(jù)并不理想，圖書館的借閱量和到訪人數(shù)都大幅下跌。

第四段

Of course, this is the behaviour that one would expect (during a pandemic).

當(dāng)然，這些行為都是人們在疫情期間可預(yù)見的。

Many libraries were closed (during this period), while people were discouraged from unnecessary mixing.

疫情期間，許多圖書館都關(guān)閉了，同時(shí)人們也被勸阻不要進(jìn)行不必要的社交。

• discourage v. 阻止、勸阻

discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

• mix v. 交往、相處 = socialize

Book sales climbed to their highest (in a decade) (in 2021), (with fiction especially buoyant), which suggests that some former users of libraries may have bought books instead.

圖書銷量在 2021年攀升至十年來的最高水平，其中小說增量尤其明顯，這表明圖書館的一些前用戶可能轉(zhuǎn)而去購買圖書了。

buoyant adj. 上漲的、繁榮的

buoyant sales/prices 上升的銷售額/價(jià)格

段落大意：

由于疫情，圖書館的使用率降低可以理解：圖書館關(guān)門、人們要減少社交、許多讀者借書轉(zhuǎn)向買書。

第五段

Private libraries (at home), whether large collections or single, cluttered bookshelves, appear to be flourishing.

家里的私人圖書館，無論是大量藏書還是單一、雜亂的書架，似乎都在蓬勃發(fā)展。

• cluttered adj. 雜亂的

a cluttered room/desk 亂七八糟的房間/桌面

• flourish v. 繁榮、興旺

But the hope must be that visits and loans (at public libraries) will soon return to their former level too.

但人們希望公共圖書館的訪問和借閱也能很快恢復(fù)到以前的水平。

Like any other service, libraries need users.

與任何其他服務(wù)一樣，圖書館也需要用戶。

And while booksellers might (in one sense) be regarded as rivals, in fact the vast majority of those (involved in the trade), (from publishers to poets), are library lovers – as can be seen from the volumes they have inspired, (from Susan Orlean’s The Library Book to Matt Haig’s The Midnight Library).

雖然書商在某種意義上可能被視為競爭對手，但事實(shí)上，從出版商到詩人，絕大多數(shù)參與該行業(yè)的人都是圖書館愛好者——這一點(diǎn)可以從以圖書館為靈感的書籍中看出來，如蘇珊奧爾良的《圖書館之書》和馬特黑格的《午夜圖書館》

while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

• bookseller n. 書商
• rival n. 競爭對手
• volume n. （正式）書
• inspire v. 給（某人）創(chuàng)作靈感

a range of designs inspired by wild flowers

從野花中得到靈感的一些列設(shè)計(jì)

段落大意：

私人圖書館也在興起，不過大家還是希望公立圖書館能復(fù)興。盡管書店會(huì)搶走部分圖書館的客戶，但業(yè)內(nèi)人士大都是喜歡圖書館的。

第六段

This has something to do with the romantic notion of the reader as explorer, with every book (or at least a good number of them) a door to a new store of feeling or understanding.

這與讀者作為探索者的浪漫想法有關(guān)，每本書（或至少其中很多）都是通往新感覺或理解的大門。

• has something to do with 和....有關(guān)系
• notion n. 想法
• a store of sth. 大量的

But it also embodies the recognition that if books are to form part of our mutual life, there must be space (in the public realm) (for them).

但它也體現(xiàn)了這樣一種認(rèn)識(shí)，即如果書籍要成為我們共同生活的一部分，那么公共領(lǐng)域就必須為它們提供空間。

that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句說明recognition的內(nèi)容，同位語從句中包含了一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。

• embody v. 體現(xiàn)、代表
• recognition n. 認(rèn)可、承認(rèn)
• mutual adj. 共有的、共同的
• realm n.領(lǐng)域、國度

Books can be treasured possessions, but there is also something special about a copy that arrives in your hands having passed through those of others – and that will go on being passed (between strangers) who share your curiosity.

書籍可以是珍貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)，但對于那些借來的書來說也有一些特別之處，到達(dá)你手中的書是從別人手上傳遞過來的——并且會(huì)繼續(xù)在與你有共同好奇心的陌生人之間傳遞。

that引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列的定語從句that arrives in your hand和hatwill go on being passed between strangers.....來修飾a copy

段落大意：

人們對圖書館念念不忘的原因：在書中探索世界的浪漫想法、書應(yīng)該擁有專屬的公共空間、分享傳遞好奇心。

文章結(jié)構(gòu)

思考題

1.??圖書館有哪些作用和好處？

??The romance is that of reading, and the wealth of human imagining and learning that is contained in them.?

??Access to the knowledge and literary art (poetry, fiction, drama) in a library is precious, priceless – and particularly valuable to young minds and people of any age with an interest in education.?

??bricks-and-mortar places to go, and as places to sit, use the internet, or seek advice from a librarian – as well as databases.

??reader as explorer, with every book (or at least a good number of them) a door to a new store of feeling or understanding.

??there is also something special about a copy that arrives in your hands having passed through those of others – and that will go on being passed between strangers who share your curiosity.

2.?積累到哪些圖書館相關(guān)表達(dá)？

圖書館里有什么：

buildings, shelving, books, library cards, fines, computers, databases, librarians, borrowers

書籍：

literary art (poetry, fiction, drama), large collections, single, cluttered book shelves

各種數(shù)量：

loans, the number of books borrowed, physical visits, website visits, book sales