七七 | 語法填空送分信號

1??名詞送分題

【2014全國 I】While there are surprising stories of instant transformation, for mostof us the changes（change）are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.

【2020浙江】Later, they learned to work with the seasons（season），planting at the right time and, in dry areas.

送分信號：

• 前有冠詞，后無名詞
• the +名詞(s)

名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化形式

①一般情況，詞尾直接+s

②詞尾為-s，-x，-ch, -sh，詞尾+es

• glass-glasses
• box-boxes
• match-matches
• brush-brushes

③詞尾為輔音字母+y，y變i+es

• city-cities
• country-countries
• party-parties

④詞尾為-o，一般+s，少數(shù)+es（英雄愛吃西紅柿和土豆）

• radios / photos
• heroes / tomatoes / potatoes

⑤詞尾為-f，-fe，一般f/fe變v+es，少數(shù)直接+s

• selves / thieves / wolves / leaves
• roofs / beliefs

不規(guī)則變化

• man → men
• child → children
• foot → feet
• tooth → teeth
• mouse → mice
• medium → media
• phenomenon → phenomena

特殊復(fù)數(shù)名詞

• belongings：n. 財(cái)產(chǎn)
• congratulations：n. 祝賀
• findings：n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)
• possessions：n. 財(cái)產(chǎn)
• surroundings：n. 環(huán)境
• take turns：輪流，依次
• in all directions：四面八方
• in ruins：成為廢墟；嚴(yán)重受損的
• good / bad manners：有禮貌 / 無禮貌

【2017浙江】You wouldn't think that a few months（month）of exercise in yourteens would be enough for the rest of your life, and that's...

【202I北京】Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse ideas（idea）.

【2017全國 l 】 lt ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds（crowd）on the roads above as they travelled to and form work.

送分信號：

• 前有限定 / 修飾詞，后無名詞
• 修飾成分（a few / many等，adj.）+名詞(s)

名詞所有格

【2021浙江】It is calculated by dividing a person's（person）weight in kgby their height in meters squared，and a BMl of between 19 and 25...

送分信號

提示詞與其后名詞是所屬關(guān)系

• ①一般直接在詞尾+’s
• ②詞尾為-s/-es的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，+s’或es'

2??形容詞送分題

【2021新高考 I】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the hotter（hot）the spring!

【2017全國l 】Even worse（bad），the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.【2018全國l 】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years longer（long）than non-runners.

【2017浙江】Sixteen years earlier（early）， PahIsson had removed the diamond ring tocool a meal.

比較級送分信號

• 提示形容詞
• 句型：越來越...，越...，越...
• 后有than
• 前有even / much / far / a little，倍數(shù)與時間

【2018全國 Ⅲ】He screams the loudest（loud）of all.

【2020全國 I 】One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（畫像）done，so he calledall great artists to come and present their finest（fine）work，so that he could choose thebest.

【?？碱}】

Among all the books that I read during my middle school years，Jane Eyre left the deepest（deep）impression on me.

The red-crowned crane is one of the largest（large）cranes in the world, standing at about 150cm tall.

最高級送分信號

• 提示形容詞前 / 后有范圍
• （one of the... / of all / in the world / among...）

規(guī)則變化

①一般情況：+er - +est

• bright-brighter-brightest
• clever-cleverer-cleverest

②詞尾為不發(fā)音的e：+r - +st

• fine-finer-finest
• cute-cuter-cutest

③詞尾為重讀閉音節(jié)且僅有一個輔音字母：

雙寫輔音字母+er -雙寫輔音字母+est

• hot-hotter-the hottest
• thin-thinner-thinnest

④少數(shù)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)：

y變i+er - y變i+est

• easy-easier-easiest
• happy-happier-happiest

不規(guī)則變化

• good-better-best
• bad-worse-worst
• many / much-more-most
• little-less-least
• far-farther-farthest

3??副詞送分題

【2021新高考 l】lt will undoubtedly（undoubted）help you get refreshed！

【2016全國 l】The title will be officially （official）given to me at a ceremony in London.

【2020全國 l】Landing on the moon's far side is extremely（extreme）challenging.

【2020浙江】This is particularly（particular）true in the US.

【2015廣州】Luckily （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day.

【2020全國 lI】Certainly（certain）during the holiday period, this plant is a must.

送分信號

• 提示形容詞
• 去掉提示詞，句子完整
• 副詞修飾動詞、形容詞、句子

4??一括：介詞短語

找到介詞畫括號，畫到名詞 / 名詞短語后！

【2021北京】Sam walked her（to a nearby convenience store）so that she could safely（safe） wait（for the police）（to take her home）.

【2019全國 Il】They also shared（with us） many traditional stories（about Hawaii）that were hugely（huge）popular（with tourists）.

5??一套：五大基本句型

Yige smiles.

• 主謂

We like Yige.

• 主謂賓

He gives us Math lessons.

• 主謂賓賓

His videos make me happy.

• 主謂賓賓補(bǔ)

He is mysterious but we are family!

• 主系表

Sam walked her so that she could wait.

• 主語：主謂賓
• 從句：主謂

They（also）shared（many traditional）stories that were popular.

• 主句：主謂賓
• 從句：主系表

【2018浙江】

Making Chinese dishes（dish）is seen as especially troublesome.

【2016全國 III】Food（in small pieces）could be eaten（easily with twigs） which gradually（gradual）turned into chopsticks.

【?？碱}】

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as the longest（long）cross-sea bridge in the wnrld, is expected to have 5G service in the future.