中國(guó)是世界上最古老的文明古國(guó)之一。

China is one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world.?

從公元前21世紀(jì)的夏朝開始至清朝結(jié)束，中國(guó)歷史上經(jīng)過幾十個(gè)朝代的變更。

From Xia Dynasty in the 21st ?century BC to Qing Dynasty, China experienced dozens of dynasties in history.?

每個(gè)朝代在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科技領(lǐng)域等都有獨(dú)特的成就。

Each dynasty achieved unique accomplishments in the fields of politics, economy, culture, science and technology, etc.?

漢朝是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最先進(jìn)的帝國(guó)，”漢族“這一名稱就得名于漢朝。

Han Dynasty was the most advanced empire at that time, which contributes to the formation of the name "the Han Nationality".?

宋朝和明朝是經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育與科技高度繁榮的時(shí)代。

Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty were periods when economy, culture, education and science were highly prosperous.?

但朝代的更替一般會(huì)導(dǎo)致連年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，給人民大眾帶來(lái)了難以言表的痛苦。

But the change from one dynasty to another usually led to long-lasting wars, which brought unspeakable suffering for the massed.