我們希望世界上的每一個(gè)女孩，只要足夠優(yōu)秀，就能獲得公平競爭的舞臺，并能憑借自己的成就而非外貌得到贊賞。? ? ?

比利·簡·金（Billie Jean King）首次接觸網(wǎng)球是在11歲，從此與網(wǎng)球結(jié)下不解之緣，找到了自己為之奮斗終生的事業(yè)。她不僅成為了全球最優(yōu)秀的女子網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，還創(chuàng)立了女子網(wǎng)球協(xié)會（Women’s Tennis Association）和WTA巡回賽，并為推動(dòng)體育界男女薪酬平等及多元化發(fā)展做出了不朽貢獻(xiàn)。在網(wǎng)球生涯巔峰，她在性別之戰(zhàn)（Battle of the Sexes）中戰(zhàn)勝了波比·里格斯（Bobby Riggs），之后由于性別相關(guān)問題遭受了很大痛苦，但隨后便開始公開為LGBTQ+群體發(fā)聲。她的回憶錄是《全力以赴》（All In）。

At age 11 King tried Tennis for the first time and found her calling. She not only became the top female player in the world but also founded the Women’s Tennis Association and WTA Tour and pushed for gender pay equity and more diversity in the sport. At the height of her career, after a triumph over Bobby Riggs in the Battle of the Sexes, she was publicly and painfully outed as gay, and she has since become an outspoken advocate for LGBTQ+ rights. Her new memoir is?All In.

HBR：請介紹下WTA巡回賽的創(chuàng)辦歷程。

HBR:?Tell me about the founding of the WTA Tour.

金：1968年網(wǎng)球成為一項(xiàng)職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，女性選手希望和男性選手加入同一個(gè)網(wǎng)球協(xié)會，但遭到了拒絕。于是在1970年，我當(dāng)時(shí)的丈夫拉里·金（Larry King）建議我、羅西·卡薩爾斯（Rosie Casals）與《世界網(wǎng)球》（World Tennis Magazine）雜志的出版商格拉迪斯·赫爾德曼（Gladys Heldman）討論一下創(chuàng)辦巡回賽的事。格拉迪斯說她沒錢，我跟她說，“沒關(guān)系，你只要用一美元就可以把我們倆都簽了?！敝蠊灿芯盼贿x手加入了我們。

When Tennis became a pro sport, in 1968, the women wanted to have one association with the men, but they just rejected us left, right, and center, even though they were our friends. So in 1970 my then-husband, Larry King, and I were trying to figure out how to get women’s pro Tennis on the map. Larry suggested that Rosie Casals and I talk to Gladys Heldman, the publisher of?World Tennis Magazine,?about creating a tour. Gladys said she’d be happy to help us but didn’t have any money. So I told her, “Don’t worry. You can sign us all up for a dollar.” Nine players—Julie Heldman, Valerie Ziegenfuss, Judy Dalton, Kristy Pigeon, Peaches Bartkowicz, Kerry Melville Reid, Nancy Richey, Rosie, and I—joined.

我們當(dāng)時(shí)必須在三個(gè)月內(nèi)完成組織工作。1971年在菲利普·莫里斯公司（Philip Morris）的支持下，我們啟動(dòng)了弗吉尼亞·斯利姆斯巡回賽（Virginia Slims Tour）。大家同進(jìn)退，都在拿自己的職業(yè)生涯冒險(xiǎn)，雖然可能會被禁止參加其他比賽，但我們不在乎。

We had to get organized in three months and then, in 1971, with support from Philip Morris, we launched the Virginia Slims tour. Larry and I ran two of the first tournaments with partners, and Gladys kept adding them, so we had enough to get started. We did it as a team and put our careers on the line: We knew we might get suspended from other tournaments. But we didn’t care.

我們希望世界上的每一個(gè)女孩，只要足夠優(yōu)秀，就能獲得公平競爭的舞臺，并能憑借自己的成就而非外貌得到贊賞。最重要的是，因?yàn)槲覀儗儆跇I(yè)余網(wǎng)球選手，當(dāng)時(shí)每天只能掙14美元，所以我們想創(chuàng)造一種方式，讓我們能夠真正以自己喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)為生。

We wanted any girl in the world, if she was good enough, to have a place to compete and be appreciated for her accomplishments, not her looks. Most important, because we came from the world of amateur Tennis, making $14 a day, we wanted to create a way to make a real living playing the sport we loved.?

HBR：你是如何推動(dòng)網(wǎng)球多元化發(fā)展的？

How have you worked to make Tennis more diverse?

金：巡回賽創(chuàng)辦伊始，我們就考慮了如何讓有色人種女孩加入的問題。阿爾西婭·吉布森（Althea Gibson）是第一位贏得大滿貫的黑人選手，但我們還需要更多這樣的人。常言道：“你也可以成為榜樣”。于是格拉迪斯就去拜訪了有很多黑人選手的美國網(wǎng)球協(xié)會（American Tennis Association），并邀請到了三名選手——邦妮·洛根（Bonnie Logan）、西爾維婭·胡克斯（Sylvia Hooks）和安·科格（Ann Koger）加入我們的巡回賽。

From the beginning of the women’s tour we thought about how to make it more diverse and give girls of color a pathway into Tennis. Althea Gibson was the first Black player of either gender to win a major, and she became one of my sheroes. But we needed more players. As they say, “If you can see it, you can be it.” So Gladys went to the American Tennis Association, which was mostly Black, and got three of their players—Bonnie Logan, Sylvia Hooks, and Ann Koger—to join the circuit.

從那以后，陸續(xù)有更多有色人種選手加入我們，比較知名的包括威廉姆斯姐妹。我認(rèn)為除非主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)，否則很難帶來變化。

Ever since, we’ve had many women of color. Most people know Serena and Venus Williams. I think the lesson is that unless you’re intentional, things usually don’t change.

HBR：推動(dòng)男女薪酬平等方面也是如此嗎？

Was it the same with the push for gender pay equity?

金：是的。1968年，也就是選手開始在大滿貫?zāi)玫姜?jiǎng)金的第一年，我贏得了溫網(wǎng)冠軍，但獎(jiǎng)金只有750英鎊，而羅德·拉沃爾（Rod Laver）則是2000英鎊。我覺得這非常不合理，要與這種不公平的安排進(jìn)行抗?fàn)?。為此我們?chuàng)辦了女子網(wǎng)球協(xié)會來為自己發(fā)聲，更為實(shí)現(xiàn)男女薪酬平等而努力。最終我們成功了。2007年，大滿貫將女性選手的獎(jiǎng)金金額提到了與男性選手相同的水平。

Yes. In 1968, the first year that players received money in the majors, I got ￡750 for winning Wimbledon, and Rod Laver got ￡2,000. I thought,?Oh, no. This is another fight we’re going to have.?That’s why we founded the Women’s Tennis Association, so we would have one voice and get it done. Eventually we did. In 2007 they started paying equal prize money to men and women in the majors.

HBR：你似乎很享受網(wǎng)球的商業(yè)化運(yùn)作。

You seem to enjoy the business side of sports.

金：是的，我跟拉里創(chuàng)辦過一些錦標(biāo)賽，其中就有世界團(tuán)體網(wǎng)球賽（World Team Tennis）?，F(xiàn)在，我和伴侶伊拉娜·克勞斯（Ilana Kloss）都是球隊(duì)老板。我希望體育界能有更多女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，希望女性關(guān)注資本，了解資本，并從資本中學(xué)習(xí)。

Yes, Larry and I owned four tournaments at one time. Then we cofounded World Team Tennis.?Now my partner, Ilana Kloss, and I are part owners of the Los Angeles Dodgers, Angel City FC, and the Philadelphia Freedoms. I want more women in ownership positions in sports. I want us to follow the money, understand it, and learn from it.

艾莉森·比爾德（Alison Beard）| 訪

夏林|譯 劉雋|校 孫燕|編輯??