With its part-Mediterranean, part-desert climate, Israel has suffered from chronic shortages and exploitation of its natural water resources for decades. The natural fresh water at Israel’s disposal in an average year does not cover its total use of roughly 525 billion gallons. The demand for potable water is projected to rise to 515 billion gallons by 2030, from 317 billion gallons this year.

以色列一部分屬地中海氣候，一部分屬沙漠氣候，幾十年來深受嚴(yán)重缺水和費力開發(fā)天然水資源之苦。以色列在一般年景可供使用的天然新鮮水不能滿足其大約5250億加侖的用水量。預(yù)計到2030年，可飲用水的需求量將從今年的3170億加侖增加到5150億加侖。（本段有1個錯誤）

幾十年來深受嚴(yán)重缺水→幾十年來深受長期缺水

天然新鮮水→淡水

The turnaround came with a seven-year drought, one of the most severe to hit modern Israel, that began in 2005 and peaked in the winter of 2008 to 2009. The country’s main natural water sources— the Sea of Galilee in the north and the mountain and coastal aquifers — were severely depleted, threatening a potentially irreversible deterioration of the water quality. Measures to increase the supply and reduce the demand were accelerated, overseen by the Water Authority, a powerful interministerial agency established in 2007.

帶來轉(zhuǎn)機的是歷時七年之久的一場旱災(zāi)。那是以色列近年來遭受的始于2005年并在2008年末那個冬季發(fā)展到了頂點的最嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)之一。以色列的天然水源-北方的加利利海和山上以及沿海的含水層-水量大減，預(yù)示著水質(zhì)下降而且無法恢復(fù)的危險。于是采取各種措施，以增加供應(yīng)并降低需求，由水務(wù)局監(jiān)督執(zhí)行。水務(wù)局是2007年成立的一個強力的跨部機構(gòu)。（本段有1個錯誤）

于是采取各種措施→于是以色列采取各種措施

那是以色列近年來遭受的始于2005年并在2008年末那個冬季發(fā)展到了頂點的最嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)之一→這場旱災(zāi)始于2005年并在2008年末那個冬季發(fā)展到了頂點，是以色列近年來遭受的最嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)之一

Desalination emerged as one focus of the government’s efforts, with four major plants going into operation over the past decade. A fifth one should be ready to operate within months. Together, they will produce a total of more than 130 billion gallons of potable water a year, with a goal of 200 billion gallons by 2020.

海水淡化是作為政府所做努力的重點之一出現(xiàn)的。過去十年中有四個主要的海水淡化廠投產(chǎn)。再過幾個月，第五個廠將開始運行。它們每年可以提供總計1300億加侖可飲用水，2020年的目標(biāo)是2000億加侖。（本段有1個錯誤）

1300億加侖可飲用水→超過1300億加侖可飲用水

海水淡化是作為政府所做努力的重點之一出現(xiàn)的→海水淡化是作為政府所做努力的重點之一

Israel has, in the meantime, become the world leader in recycling and reusing wastewater for agriculture. It treats 86 percent of its domestic wastewater and recycles it for agricultural use — about 55 percent of the total water used for agriculture. Spain is second to Israel, recycling 17 percent of its effluent, while the United States recycles just 1percent, according to Water Authority data.

與此同時，以色列在回收污水、發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)方面領(lǐng)先世界。水務(wù)局提供的數(shù)據(jù)表明，以色列能處理68％的家庭污水，回收以后用于農(nóng)業(yè)-占全部農(nóng)業(yè)用水的55％。西班牙位居第二，回收17％的廢水，而美國只回收1％。（本段有1個錯誤）

68％的家庭污水→86％的家庭污水

The Israeli government began by making huge cuts in the annual water quotas for farmers, ending decades of extravagant overuse of heavily subsidized water for agriculture.

以色列政府著手大力削減對農(nóng)民的年供水限額，結(jié)束了大手大腳超量使用享受高額補貼的農(nóng)業(yè)用水的現(xiàn)象。（本段有1個錯誤）

結(jié)束了大手大腳→結(jié)束了幾十年來大手大腳

The tax for surplus household use was dropped at the end of 2009 and a two-tiered tariff system was introduced. Regular household water use is now subsidized by a slightly higher rate paid by those who consume more than the basic allotment.

2009年底，取消了家庭超量用水稅，開始實行二級稅制?，F(xiàn)在一般家庭用水享受略高一點的補貼，其差額由超定量用水者負(fù)擔(dān)。（本段有1個錯誤）

其差額由超定量用水者負(fù)擔(dān)→其差額由超基本配額的用水者負(fù)擔(dān)

開始實行二級稅制→開始實行二級收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

tariff價目表

Water Authority representatives went house to house offering to fit free devices on shower heads and taps that inject air into the water stream, saving about a third of the water used while still giving the impression of a strong flow.

水務(wù)局派人挨家挨戶上門，在噴頭和水龍頭上安裝自由裝置，向水流噴氣，這樣可以節(jié)省三分之一的水，給人的感覺卻是水流強勁。（本段有1個錯誤）

安裝自由裝置→安裝免費裝置

Officials say that wiser use of water has led to a reduction in household consumption of up to 18 percent in recent years. And instead of the municipal authorities being responsible for the maintenance of city pipe networks, local corporations have been formed. The money collected for water is reinvested in the infrastructure.

工作人員稱，近年來在用水方面精打細(xì)算，結(jié)果家庭用水量下降18％。此外，過去由市政當(dāng)局負(fù)責(zé)維修的城市管網(wǎng)的工作現(xiàn)在由專業(yè)公司負(fù)責(zé)，為水而收集的錢則用于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。（本段有1個錯誤）

由專業(yè)公司負(fù)責(zé)→由當(dāng)?shù)毓矩?fù)責(zé)

為水而收集的錢則用于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施→收取的稅費則用于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

Mekorot, the national water company, built the national water carrier 50 years ago, a system for transporting water from the Sea of Galilee in the north through the heavily populated center to the arid south. Now it is building new infrastructure to carry water west to east, from the Mediterranean coast inland.

米科洛是國家供水公司，五十年前修建了全國供水系統(tǒng)，從北方的加利利海，經(jīng)過人口稠密的中部，把水輸往干旱的南部?，F(xiàn)在它又在建設(shè)新的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，東水西送，把水從地中海岸邊輸送到內(nèi)地。（本段有1個錯誤）

東水西送→西水東送

Desalination, long shunned by many as a costly energy guzzler with a heavy carbon footprint, is becoming cheaper, cleaner and more energy efficient as technologies advance. The Sorek desalination plant rises out of the sandy ground about nine miles south of Tel Aviv. Said to be the largest plant of its kind in the world, it produces 40 billion gallons of potable water a year, enough for about a sixth of Israel’s roughly eight million citizens.

許久以來，很多人不愿采用海水淡化技術(shù)，認(rèn)為它花錢多，耗能高，碳排放量也很大?，F(xiàn)在隨著技術(shù)進(jìn)步，這一技術(shù)變得更省錢，更清潔，更節(jié)能了。薩瑞克海水淡化廠矗立在特拉維夫以南9公里的沙地上。據(jù)稱，這是世界上同類工廠中最大的一個，年產(chǎn)可飲用水400億加侖，足以滿足以色列約800萬人口中六分之一人口的需要。（本段有1個錯誤）

9公里→9英里

對5個，瑪?shù)拢M勁了

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