最近入手了new bing，就試著用ai的聊天功能收集一下資料，各位可以評價一下ai的水平如何。

注：每次以我感興趣的一樣裝備或技術(shù)作為話題，使用英文聊天（因為外網(wǎng)的資料更全）

問1: Describe the Pershing II missile in as much detail as you can, including but not limited to the missile size, range, velocity variation from reentry to hit, missile guidance principles, and reentry glide principles

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答1：The Pershing II was a mobile, intermediate-range ballistic missile deployed by the U.S. Army at American bases in West Germany beginning in 19832. It was aimed at targets in the western Soviet Union2 [^10^]. Each Pershing II carried a single, variable-yield thermonuclear warhead with an explosive force equivalent to 5-50 kilotons of TNT2 [^10^].

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The missile had a length of **34 feet, 10 inches** and a diameter of **3 feet, 4 inches**??. It had a launch weight of **7,400 kg**[^10^]. It had a range of up to **1,700 km (1056 miles)**[^10^] 11, but some sources claimed it could reach up to **2,500 km**12.

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The missile used an active radar guidance system and a secondary inertial guidance system that had a 30 m CEP (circular error probable)[^10^] 11. The active radar guidance system consisted of a small radar seeker mounted on the front of the reentry vehicle that scanned for its target during the final phase of flight. The secondary inertial guidance system provided backup navigation in case of jamming or interference.

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The reentry vehicle had a unique design that allowed it to glide and maneuver during reentry. This increased its accuracy and survivability against anti-ballistic missile defenses. The reentry vehicle also had a variable angle nose cone that could change its shape depending on the speed and altitude. This reduced drag and heating during reentry.

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Is there anything else you would like to know about the Pershing II missile?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) MGM-31B Pershing 2 | Missile Threat. https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/mgm-31b-pershing-2/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(5) Pershing 2 | Missile Threat. https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/mgm-31b-pershing-2/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(6) Pershing 2 - United States Nuclear Forces - GlobalSecurity.org. https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/systems/pershing2.htm Accessed 2023/3/2.

(7) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(8) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(9) The Pershing Missile: Peace Through Strength | Lockheed Martin. https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/news/features/history/pershing.html Accessed 2023/3/2.

(10) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(11) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(12) The Pershing Missile: Peace Through Strength | Lockheed Martin. https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/news/features/history/pershing.html Accessed 2023/3/2.

(13) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問2: I would also like to know how the reentry phase of the missile is able to glide and maneuver, if possible give the source or paper support

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答2：According to one source1, the Pershing II missile could glide and maneuver during reentry by using aerodynamic force. The missile could pull up to reduce its velocity and match its radar image with the target, then dive to attack the target with a nearly 90 degree falling angle1. This increased its accuracy and survivability against anti-ballistic missile defenses.

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However, there is no more complete details about the trajectory planning and guidance algorithm for “Pershing II” missile in public1. The source also mentions that some other methods for reentry maneuverable trajectory planning are based on optimal control theory or differential game theory1.

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I hope this answers your question. Do you have any other questions about the Pershing II missile?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Trajectory Planning for Reentry Maneuverable Ballistic Missiles. https://bing.com/search?q=Pershing+II+missile+reentry+glide+maneuver Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) Trajectory Planning for Reentry Maneuverable Ballistic Missiles. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/25845529.pdf Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) Pershing II | Military Wiki | Fandom. https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Pershing_II Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) Pershing 2 | Missile Threat. https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/mgm-31b-pershing-2/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問3：I would also like to know the Pershing II's re-entry speed and the speed at which it reached the target directly above and the process of pulling up and slowing down in between, preferably with pictures explaining where they came from, as well as the overload and distance limits of its maneuvers, and the total length of its glide section

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答3：I'm sorry but I could not find all the information you requested. Here is what I found:

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- The Pershing II missile could reach a speed of **Mach 10** during reentry1, but I could not find its speed at the target.

- The Pershing II missile could pull up by **aerodynamic force** and decrease its velocity to complete the radar image matching[^10^], but I could not find the exact process or parameters of this maneuver.

- The Pershing II missile had a range of **over 1800 km** and a precision of **less than 30 m**[^10^], but I could not find its overload and distance limits of its maneuvers or the total length of its glide section.

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I apologize for any inconvenience. Do you want me to search for something else?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Top 12 Fastest Cruise Missiles in the World - HubPages. https://discover.hubpages.com/technology/Fastest-Cruise-Missiles-in-the-World Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) Trajectory Planning for Reentry Maneuverable Ballistic Missiles. https://bing.com/search?q=Pershing+II+missile+pull+up+maneuver Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) Top 12 Fastest Cruise Missiles in the World - HubPages. https://discover.hubpages.com/technology/Fastest-Cruise-Missiles-in-the-World Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(5) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(6) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(7) The Army Has Finally Revealed The Range Of Its New ... - The Drive. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/40584/the-army-has-finally-revealed-the-range-its-new-hypersonic-weapon Accessed 2023/3/2.

(8) Hypersonic Missiles: Evolution or Revolution? - Naval News. https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/11/hypersonic-missiles-evolution-or-revolution/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(9) PERSHING II - Air Force Space and Missile Museum. https://afspacemuseum.org/artifacts/pershing-ii/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(10) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(11) Trajectory Planning for Reentry Maneuverable Ballistic Missiles. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/25845529.pdf Accessed 2023/3/2.

(12) Are warships vulnerable to attack by surface skimming hypersonic anti .... https://navalpost.com/hypersonic-cruise-antiship-missile-defense/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(13) Pershing 2 | Missile Threat. https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/mgm-31b-pershing-2/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(14) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問4：Can you find a diagram of the position and speed of the entire glide section as a function of time

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答4：I could not find a diagram of the glide section specifically, but I found a diagram of the typical flight course of the Pershing II missile?. It shows the boost, unpowered and reentry phases. The reentry phase is where the missile can pull up and glide before diving to attack the target. I could not find any information on the position and speed of the glide section as a function of time.

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Here is a code block with an ASCII representation of the diagram:

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```

? /\

?/? \??? Boost phase

/??? \?? Unpowered phase

|??? |?? Reentry phase

|??? |?? Pull up maneuver

|??? |?? Glide section

\??? /?? Dive maneuver

?\? /

? \/

```

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I hope this helps. Do you have any other questions?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Trajectory Planning for Reentry Maneuverable Ballistic Missiles. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/25845529.pdf Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) HEADQUARTERS - BITS. https://www.bits.de/NRANEU/others/amd-us-archive/FM6-11%2885%29.pdf Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(5) PERSHING II - Air Force Space and Missile Museum. https://afspacemuseum.org/artifacts/pershing-ii/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(6) Pershing-2 medium-range ballistic missile (MGM-31C). https://en.missilery.info/missile/pershing-2 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(7) Scale 1/72 - The Models of Paul Gaertner - Missiles. https://scale1-72.com/missiles Accessed 2023/3/2.

(8) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(9) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(10) File:Pershing II missile trajectory.png - Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pershing_II_missile_trajectory.png Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問5：I would also like to ask about the radar scanning process during the glide phase and the pull-up maneuver during the scanning, preferably with a diagram and source

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答5：According to one source1, the Pershing II missile had a **radar area guidance (Radag)** system that compared the terrain toward which it descended with information stored in a self-contained computer. The Radag system then issued commands to control fins that adjusted the glide of the warhead. Such terminal-phase corrections gave the Pershing II, with a range of over 1800 km (1100 miles), a precision of less than 30 m (100 feet).

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I could not find any information on how the radar scanning process worked during the glide phase or how the pull-up maneuver was performed during the scanning. I also could not find any diagram of this process.

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I apologize for any inconvenience. Do you have any other questions?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Radar area guidance | military technology | Britannica. https://bing.com/search?q=Pershing+II+missile+radar+scanning+glide+phase Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) Radar area guidance | military technology | Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/radar-area-guidance Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) Missile Defense: Better Oversight and Coordination Needed for Counter .... https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105075 Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問6：Finally, I would like to know the actual production of the Pershing II missile, the unit cost and how long it takes to build one

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答6：According to one source1, the contract price for the fiscal year 1986 Pershing II Missile System production was **$267,662,000**. I could not find any information on how many missiles were produced in that year or what was the unit cost per missile.

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According to another source3, a total of **234 Pershing II missiles** were covered by the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty that required their elimination by 1991. The first Pershing II test launch occurred on July 22, 1982 from Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 162.

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I could not find any information on how long it took to build one Pershing II missile.

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I hope this helps. Do you have any other questions?

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) NSIAD-87-41 Contract Pricing: Material Prices Overstated in Pershing II .... https://www.gao.gov/pdf/product/209032 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) NSIAD-87-41 Contract Pricing: Material Prices Overstated in Pershing II .... https://www.gao.gov/pdf/product/209032 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) PERSHING - The United States Army | Redstone Arsenal Historical Information. https://history.redstone.army.mil/miss-pershing.html Accessed 2023/3/2.

(5) The Army Has Finally Revealed The Range Of Its New ... - The Drive. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/40584/the-army-has-finally-revealed-the-range-its-new-hypersonic-weapon Accessed 2023/3/2.

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問7：I would like to know how to effectively intercept the Pershing II missile and its analogs, during what time period is the best time to intercept it, and what air defense systems were effective at that time and now

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答7：The Pershing II was a mobile, intermediate-range ballistic missile deployed by the U.S. Army at American bases in West Germany beginning in 198312. It had a range of up to 1,700 km and carried a single, variable-yield thermonuclear warhead with an explosive force equivalent to 5-50 kilotons of TNT1?. It used an active radar guidance system and a secondary inertial guidance system that had a 30 m CEP?.

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The Pershing II missile was designed to counter the Soviet SS-20 Saber missiles that were placed along the Iron Curtain?. The Pershing II missile could reach its targets in six to eight minutes after launch, which made it very difficult for the Soviet Union to react or intercept?.

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According to some sources, the Soviet Union did not have any effective air defense systems against the Pershing II missile at that time?. However, some possible ways to intercept it would be using anti-ballistic missiles (ABMs), such as the A-135 system that was deployed around Moscow since 1995?, or using electronic warfare (EW) techniques to jam or spoof its radar guidance system?.

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As of now, there are no more Pershing II missiles in service, as they were dismantled and destroyed under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty signed by the U.S. and the Soviet Union in 1987?. The treaty also eliminated all other ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 km.

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I hope this answers your question. Do you have any follow-up questions? ??

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Source: Conversation with Bing, 2023/3/2(1) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(2) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/missile-surface-surface-pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(3) Pershing 2 | Missile Threat. https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/mgm-31b-pershing-2/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(4) How the Pershing II Missile Relit the Cold War. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/how-pershing-ii-missile-relit-cold-war-196303 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(5) Iskander, Pershing II and Missile Defences: History Repeating. https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/iskander-pershing-ii-and-missile-defences-history-repeating/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(6) PERSHING II FACT SHEET | Spaceline. https://www.spaceline.org/cape-canaveral-rocket-missile-program/pershing-ii-fact-sheet/ Accessed 2023/3/2.

(7) Pershing II | National Air and Space Museum. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/pershing-ii/nasm_A19910037000 Accessed 2023/3/2.

(8) The Pershing Missile: Peace Through Strength | Lockheed Martin. https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/news/features/history/pershing.html Accessed 2023/3/2.

評論區(qū)附上問答文檔及資料