*The Defence of the Venetian Dominio Da Mar in the Sixteenth Century: Ship Design, Naval Architecture, and the Naval Career of Vettor Fausto’s Quinquereme，Lilia Campana，翻譯自deep

? ? Introduction:

? The Venetian humanist Vettor Fausto (1490-1546) was a true Renaissance polymath: naval architect, mathematician, engineer, professor of Greek, avid traveler, and philologist. He earned a place of honor in the pantheon of Renaissance innovators with the construction of his quinquereme, and became the acclaimed genius of the renovatio navalis promoted by the Doge Andrea Gritti (1455-1538). In 1525, Fausto proposed to the Venetian Senate to build a quinquereme. He claimed that his design was based on the quinqueremis ‘used by the Romans during their wars’, and that he had derived the construction proportions for his ship ‘from the most ancient Greek texts’. A few months later the Senate granted Fausto permission to proceed with the project and assigned a ship-shed for his use in the Arsenal. In October 1526 Fausto began the construction of his ship, working alongside the other shipwrights in the Arsenal. Fausto’s quiqueremis was designed as a 28-bench galley rowed alla sensile (‘in the simple way’) by five rowers on each bench on either side, each with his own oar. The quinquereme was completed in January 1529 and launched in April of the same year, amid general skepticism, which Fausto soon dispelled when his galley won a race against the light galley Cornera. The Venetian historian Marin Sanuto (1466-1536) wrote an enthusiastic report of the occasion, celebrating Fausto’s revival of Greek science. Thus, the marina architectura was born.

? ? 前言：

??威尼斯人文主義者維托爾-福斯托（1490-1546）是一位真正的文藝復興時期的多面手：海軍建筑師、數(shù)學家、工程師、希臘語教授、狂熱的旅行者和語言學家。他通過建造他的五角帆船在文藝復興時期的創(chuàng)新者中贏得了一席之地，并成為總督安德烈-格里蒂（1455-1538）所提倡的海軍改造計劃中備受贊譽的天才。1525年，福斯托向威尼斯元老院提議建造一艘五角帆船。他聲稱他的設計是基于 "羅馬人在戰(zhàn)爭中使用的 "五角帆船，并且他從 "最古老的希臘文獻 "中得出了他的船的結構比例。幾個月后，元老院允許Fausto繼續(xù)進行這個項目，并在兵工廠為他分配了一個船棚。福斯托的quiqueremis被設計成一個有28個凳子的廚房，由兩邊的每個凳子上的五個劃手劃行，每個人都有自己的槳。該船于1529年1月完成，并于同年4月下水，當時人們普遍持懷疑態(tài)度，但當福斯托的船在與輕型船Cornera的比賽中獲勝后，他很快就消除了這種懷疑。威尼斯歷史學家馬林-薩努托（1466-1536）為這一事件寫了一份熱情洋溢的報告，慶祝福斯托對希臘科學的復興。

??According to Fausto, the marina architectura – naval architecture based on theoretical knowledge applied to shipbuilding practice – aimed to restore in the shipyard the ancient principles, just as they had been restored in terrestrial architecture. In a letter to his friend, the humanist Giovan Battista Ramusio, Fausto claimed that naval architecture had to be based on litterae et disciplinae, the ‘knowledge’ which came from the study of ancient works, the ‘erudite letters’.? Indeed, Fausto stated:

??Architecture, above all, needs to be based on knowledge. Vitruvius said that architecture relies very little on craftsman’s practice; Archimedes said that it requires such a deep knowledge that it is impossible to write an exhaustive essay about it. If learning terrestrial architecture is truly very difficult, what might we say about naval architecture in which each part (of the ship) is defined not by straight lines – which can be easily calculated – but by constantly varying curved lines?

??根據(jù)Fausto的說法，Marina architectura--基于應用于造船實踐的理論知識的海軍建筑--旨在在船廠中恢復古代原則，就像它們在陸地建筑中被恢復一樣。在給他的朋友，人文主義者Giovan Battista Ramusio的信中，F(xiàn)austo聲稱，海軍建筑必須建立在litterae et disciplinae的基礎上，這些 "知識 "來自于對古代作品的研究，"博學的信件"。事實上，福斯托說：

??建筑，首先，需要以知識為基礎。維特魯威說，建筑學很少依賴工匠的實踐；阿基米德說，建筑學需要如此深厚的知識，以至于不可能寫出一篇關于它的詳盡的文章。如果學習陸地建筑真的非常困難，那么我們可以對海軍建筑說些什么呢？在海軍建筑中，（船舶的）每個部分不是由直線--可以很容易地計算出來--而是由不斷變化的曲線來定義的？

??According to Fausto, ‘naval architecture’ does not require mere fabrilis peritia, ‘craftsman’s practice’, but rather architecturae professio, ‘the science of architecture’, based on a shipbuilding principle that emanates from knowledge of Greek and Latin texts.Fausto thought naval architecture, just as with terrestrial architecture, might similarly be improved through the imitation of ancient shipbuilders. During this period, traditional shipbuilding practices relied on empirical methods and the shipwrights’ skill and experience.

??根據(jù)Fausto的說法，"海軍建筑 "不需要單純的fabrilis peritia，即 "工匠的實踐"，而是需要architecturae professio，即 "建筑科學"，其基礎是源自希臘和拉丁文本知識的造船原則。福斯托認為，海軍建筑，就像陸地建筑一樣，同樣可以通過模仿古代造船者而得到改善。在這一時期，傳統(tǒng)的造船實踐依賴于經(jīng)驗方法和船工的技能和經(jīng)驗。

??In sixteenth-century Italy, humanists like Fausto rediscovered the value of the Classical tradition and of Greek and Latin writers such as Vitruvius, Livy, Plato, and Cicero, who had previously fallen into obscurity. The rebirth, or renaissance, of the Classical world produced a cultural and scientific revolution ante litteram that led medieval man into the Renaissance, which reached its highest achievement with the scientist Galileo Galilei. In Venice, interest in Greek and Roman tradition stimulated a radical advancement in many fields, from art and literature to philosophy and architecture. Due to Fausto’s work in the Arsenal, the influence of Classical culture effected great changes even in the traditional, empirical practices employed in shipbuilding. Fausto marked the distinction between the shipwright who built ships empirically by means of his expertise and keen eye, and the naval architect, who based his design on defined principles and methods. In order to establish Fausto’s impact on the study of Renaissance naval architecture in Venice and beyond, it is worthwhile to delineate his fascinating yet hitherto poorly documented life and career.

??在16世紀的意大利，像福斯托這樣的人文主義者重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了古典傳統(tǒng)和希臘及拉丁文作家的價值，如維特魯威、李維、柏拉圖和西塞羅，他們以前曾陷入沉寂。古典世界的重生或文藝復興產(chǎn)生了一場文化和科學革命，使中世紀的人們進入了文藝復興時期，文藝復興時期的科學家伽利略-伽利萊達到了最高成就。由于福斯托在兵工廠的工作，古典文化的影響甚至對造船業(yè)的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗做法產(chǎn)生了巨大變化。福斯托標志著船匠與海軍建筑師之間的區(qū)別，前者通過其專業(yè)知識和敏銳的眼光憑經(jīng)驗造船，后者則根據(jù)確定的原則和方法進行設計。為了確定福斯托對威尼斯和其他地方的文藝復興時期海軍建筑研究的影響，值得描述一下他迷人的但迄今為止很少有記錄的生活和職業(yè)生涯。

? ??Vettor Fausto, Professor of Greek and Naval Architect

??Belonging to a modest family from Cephalonia, Fausto was a civis Venetus originarius.? The beginning of his humanistic career followed an arduous path since he was a parvenu of humble origins with few resources. At the age of eighteen, Fausto became the pupil of Gerolamo Maserio from Forlì, who taught Greek at the School of Saint Mark from 1503 to 1509.For Fausto, the apprenticeship under Maserio was very productive. Not only did Fausto make a living by copying rare Greek texts for his teacher, but, more importantly, he was introduced to the selective circle of Venetian humanists. He also published two Greek epigrams, one in the edition of Aulus Gellius’ Attic Nights (1511), and the other in the Grammaticae Institutiones by Urbano Bolzanio (1443-1524).The year of Maserio’s departure in 1509 initiated quite a tumultuous period in the life of Fausto. During the war of the League of Cambrai, from 1509 to 1511, the School of Saint Mark remained closed and “public lectures were suspended for three years, with great shame and loss for everybody”.Deprived of Maserio’s protection and in need of a job, Fausto started working as a Greek copyist for Aulo Giano Parrasio (1470-1522), a scholar from Calabria, who, however, left Venice a few months later, in 1510.In 1511, Fausto became the pupil of the famous Cretan scholar Marcus Musurus (ca. 1470-1517), who had just been appointed to the lectureship of Greek at the School of Saint Mark after its reopening at the end of the War of the League of Cambrai. In the same year, Fausto published in Venice a revised edition of the six comedies by Terence that also included De comoedia libellus, and some philosophical works by Cicero (De officiis, De amicitia, and Paradoxa), both printed by Lazaro de Soardi.

? ??希臘語教授和海軍工程師

??福斯托來自塞法利尼亞的一個普通家庭，是威尼斯人的一個公民。18歲時，福斯托成為來自福爾利的杰羅拉莫-馬塞利奧的學生，他從1503年到1509年在圣馬可學校教授希臘語，因此他的人文生涯開始走得很艱難。對福斯托來說，在馬塞利奧手下的學徒生涯是非常有成效的。福斯托不僅通過為他的老師抄寫罕見的希臘文來謀生，更重要的是，他被引入了威尼斯人文主義者的選擇性圈子。他還發(fā)表了兩篇希臘書信，一篇收錄在奧盧斯-格利烏斯的《阿提卡之夜》（1511年）中，另一篇收錄在烏爾巴諾-博爾扎尼奧（1443-1524年）的《語法學》（Grammaticae Institutiones）中。在1509年至1511年的康布雷聯(lián)盟戰(zhàn)爭期間，圣馬可學校一直關閉，"公開課暫停了三年，對每個人來說都是巨大的恥辱和損失"。由于失去了馬塞里奧的保護，并需要一份工作，福斯托開始為卡拉布里亞的學者奧洛-吉亞諾-帕拉西奧（1470-1522）做希臘文抄寫員，但他在幾個月后，即1510年離開威尼斯。 18 1511年，福斯托成為著名克里特學者馬庫斯-穆蘇斯（Marcus Musurus，約1470-1517年）的學生，后者在康布雷聯(lián)盟戰(zhàn)爭結束后重新開放的圣馬克學校中被任命為希臘文講師。同年，福斯托在威尼斯出版了特倫斯六部喜劇的修訂版，其中還包括De comoedia libellus，以及西塞羅的一些哲學作品（De officiis、De amicitia和Paradoxa），這兩本書都是由拉扎羅-德-索爾迪印刷的。

??In order to further the study of Greek, Fausto started travelling all over the Mediterranean. In 1512 he was in Alcalá de Henares in Spain, working at the six-volume Complutensian Polyglot Bible, which was sponsored by the Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros (1436-1517). From 1513 to 1515, Fausto experienced military life under the mercenary captain Baldassare Scipione, commander of a squadron of knights in the army of the Venetian general Bartolomeo d’Alviano (1455-1515). The year later, when the Venetian nobleman Giovanni Badoer (1465-1535) was appointed ambassador to France, Fausto became part of the diplomatic entourage. Fausto lived in France for about two years and, in 1517, he published the first Latin translation of Aristotle’s Mechanics. Undoubtedly, the Aristotelis Mechanica is Fausto’s most outstanding, impressive literary work, as he made Aristotle’s treatise available in Latin for the first time in the Western world. During the Renaissance, few people could master Greek, and considering the difficulty of the text and its technical vocabulary, few humanists could undertake such a difficult task. The Mechanics, along with other Greek sources, was a fundamental and formative text for Fausto in the conception of his quinqueremis. Fausto’s authorship greatly contributed to the restoration of Greek science in the Western world and inaugurated a new field of study devoted to mechanical questions. It also enacted a cultural process that gradually led to the legitimization of the artes mechanicae, paving the way for the scientific revolution started by Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), who lectured at the University of Padua on Aristotle’s work and wrote a lost commentary on it.

??為了進一步研究希臘語，福斯托開始在地中海各地旅行。1512年，他在西班牙的阿爾卡拉德埃納雷斯（Alcalá de Henares），從事六卷本康普頓多語種圣經(jīng)的工作，該圣經(jīng)由紅衣主教弗朗西斯科-希門尼斯-德西斯內羅斯（1436-1517）贊助。從1513年到1515年，福斯托在雇傭兵隊長巴爾達薩雷-西皮奧內（Baldassare Scipione）手下經(jīng)歷了軍事生活，他是威尼斯將軍巴托洛梅奧-阿爾維諾（1455-1515）軍隊中的一個騎士中隊的司令官。一年后，當威尼斯貴族喬瓦尼-巴多爾（1465-1535）被任命為駐法國大使時，福斯托成為外交隨行人員的一員。福斯托在法國生活了大約兩年，1517年，他出版了亞里士多德《力學》的第一個拉丁文譯本。毫無疑問，《亞里士多德力學》是福斯托最杰出、最令人印象深刻的文學作品，因為他使亞里士多德的論文第一次在西方世界有了拉丁文版本。在文藝復興時期，很少有人能掌握希臘語，考慮到文本的難度及其技術詞匯，很少有人文學者能承擔這樣一項艱巨的任務。機械論》與其他希臘文獻一起，是浮士德構思其五經(jīng)的基本和形成性文本。福斯托的著作極大地促進了希臘科學在西方世界的恢復，開創(chuàng)了一個專門研究機械問題的新領域。它還頒布了一個文化進程，逐漸導致了機械藝術的合法化，為伽利略-伽利萊（1564-1642）開始的科學革命鋪平了道路，他在帕多瓦大學講授亞里士多德的作品，并寫下了失傳的評注。

??In 1518, Fausto, desiring to apply his new knowledge to the service of the Republic, returned to Venice. It was during this period that the city of Ragusa in Dalmatia offered Fausto a Greek lectureship, which he refused since a better opportunity had arisen. In 1518, Marcus Musurus, who held the chair of Greek at the School of Saint Mark, had died in Rome, leaving the position vacant. In June 1518, the Venetian senators decreed to appoint a new professor to replace Marcus Musurus, and the candidates were required to deliver public lectures in Greek. On 4 October 1518, Fausto lectured on De laudibus patriae by Lucian and on 8 October, he lectured on the Argonautica by Apollonius Rhodius. A week later, the senators appointed Fausto as Professor of Greek at the School of Saint Mark. In this period, however, Fausto had already begun to work on the quinqueremis, at least on a theoretical level. He formally presented his project to the Arsenal in 1525, and in the following years built several other ships. In 1530, Fausto was appointed librarian of the repository that became the modern Marciana Library, which housed the valuable collection of Cardinal Bessarion (1403-72).

??1518年，福斯托希望將他的新知識用于為共和國服務，于是回到了威尼斯。26 正是在這一時期，達爾馬提亞的拉古薩市向福斯托提供了一個希臘語講座，但他拒絕了，因為有更好的機會出現(xiàn)。 1518年，在圣馬克學校擔任希臘語講座的馬庫斯-穆魯斯在羅馬去世，留下了這個職位空缺。1518年6月，威尼斯參議員下令任命一位新的教授來取代馬庫斯-穆蘇魯斯，候選人需要用希臘語進行公開演講。 1518年10月4日，福斯托講授了盧西恩的《De laudibus patriae》，一周后，參議員任命福斯托為圣馬克學校的希臘語教授。然而，在此期間，福斯托已經(jīng)開始研究五角星，至少在理論層面。1525年，他向兵工廠正式提交了他的項目，并在隨后的幾年里建造了其他幾艘船。1530年，福斯托被任命為庫房管理員，該庫房成為現(xiàn)代的馬爾奇亞納圖書館，存放著紅衣主教貝薩里昂（1403-72）的寶貴收藏。

??The year 1539 was an annus horribilis for Fausto, as he was arrested, incarcerated, and tortured under the charge of treachery and conspiracy against the Republic. A cyphered letter sent by the Spanish ambassadors to Charles V (1500-58) reported that Fausto arranged to move to France at the service of the House of Valois in order to build galleasses and other ships. Rumors that Fausto was secretly murdered started spreading. Although he was released soon afterwards and declared innocent, the Republic’s suspicion was not completely groundless. As far back as 1530, the French ambassador in Venice Lazare de Ba?f (1496-1547), on behalf of King Francis I (1494-1547), negotiated with Fausto regarding the prospect of moving to France. De Ba?f’s mediation probably failed, because in the same year Fausto was appointed librarian to the Library of Saint Mark. After a series of delusions related to his work at the Arsenal, Fausto was frustrated and in July 1546, he contacted the Florentine ambassador in Venice and negotiated the possibility of moving to Tuscany and working at the service of the Medici, but nothing materialized. At this time, Fausto was working on a re-edition of his translation of Aristotle’s Mechanichs, which was enriched by a more detailed visual and exegetical apparatus.Unfortunately, this work never came to light. He died toward the end of 1546 at the age of 56 with no children, leaving few belongings to his sister Apollonia.

??1539年對福斯托來說是可怕的一年，因為他以背叛和陰謀反對共和國的罪名被逮捕、監(jiān)禁和拷打。 西班牙大使給查理五世（1500-58）的一封加密信件報告說，福斯托安排去法國為瓦盧斯家族服務，以建造大帆船和其他船只。關于福斯托被秘密謀殺的謠言開始傳播。雖然他很快被釋放并被宣布為無罪，但共和國的懷疑并非完全沒有根據(jù)。早在1530年，法國駐威尼斯大使Lazare de Ba?f（1496-1547）代表國王弗朗西斯一世（1494-1547）與福斯托就移居法國的前景進行談判。De Ba?f的調解可能失敗了，因為同年福斯托被任命為圣馬克圖書館的圖書館管理員。在發(fā)生了一系列與他在兵工廠的工作有關的錯覺后，福斯托感到很沮喪，1546年7月，他聯(lián)系了佛羅倫薩駐威尼斯的大使，商談了搬到托斯卡納并為美第奇家族服務的可能性，但沒有任何結果。此時，福斯托正在對他翻譯的亞里士多德的《機械論》進行重新修訂，通過更詳細的視覺和訓詁裝置來豐富該書的內容。他于1546年底去世，享年56歲，沒有子女，留給他妹妹阿波羅尼亞的財產(chǎn)很少。

? ? The Proposal of Building the Quinquereme

??On the afternoon of 15 August 1525, Fausto was admitted to the Ducal Palace for an audience with the Doge Andrea Gritti. Fausto proposed to the Venetian Republic to construct a quinquereme that he himself designed. Unfortunately, none of Fausto’s drawings have survived, and the only recorded reference to this is in I Diarii by the Venetian historian Marin Sanuto. Sanuto narrated the circumstances of the event as follows:

??Vetor [sic] Fausto, who is lecturing in Greek in this city, came to the Doge, and showed a wonderful model for building a galley that was rowed with five oars per bench, while the light galley is rowed with only three [oars], and he showed the rowing system. Thus, the decision was entrusted to the College.

??

? ? 建造五人槳長船的提議

??1525年8月15日下午，福斯托被允許進入公爵府，覲見總督安德烈-格里蒂。福斯托向威尼斯共和國提議建造一座他自己設計的五角大樓。不幸的是，福斯托的圖紙都沒有保存下來，唯一有記載的是威尼斯歷史學家馬林-薩努托在《I Diarii》中提到的。薩努托對這一事件的情況敘述如下：

? 在這個城市講授希臘語的Vetor[原文如此]Fausto來到總督面前，展示了一個美妙的模型，建造了一艘每條凳子用五支槳劃行的加里爾船，而輕型加里爾船只用三支[槳]劃行，他還展示了劃行系統(tǒng)。因此，決定權被委托給了學院。

? ?For the maritime history of Venice, Fausto represents uniqueness, as he was the first and the only humanist in Venice who was interested in naval architecture and who proposed to the Republic a project for building a special ship. Despite the fact that Fausto could rely on the support and protection of influential politicians, his proposal did not receive immediate acceptance; the Senators discussed Fausto’s proposal for nearly a year.

??對于威尼斯的航海史來說，福斯托代表著獨特性，因為他是威尼斯第一個也是唯一一個對海軍建筑感興趣的人文主義者，他向共和國提出了建造一艘特殊船只的計劃。盡管福斯托可以依靠有影響力的政治家的支持和保護，但他的建議并沒有立即得到接受；參議員們對福斯托的建議討論了近一年。

??On 17 September 1525, the Senators and the Doge held a meeting to discuss Fausto’s proposal.40 However, the Venetian senators invited the Patrons of the Arsenal and the master shipbuilders who were encouraged to participate in the discussion regarding the technical aspects of the quinquereme. Sanuto wrote:

??The Doge and the Senators met in the saloon of the College where proposals are presented with the participation of the Sages, and they evaluated the model of the five-oared galley designed by Vetor Fausto, who lectures in Greek in this city, at Terranova, with public salary. There were also Lunardo Emo, Superintendent of the Arsenal, and Antonio da Pexaro, Patron [of the Arsenal], since the others were not in Venice; [there were also] Lunardo and Mathio Brexan, and other master shipbuilders of the galleys in the Arsenal, and they discussed for a long time. [Lunardo] Brexan praised [the model], whilst [Mathio] Brexan condemned it.

??1525年9月17日，參議員和總督舉行了一次會議，討論福斯托的提議。40 然而，威尼斯參議員邀請了兵工廠的贊助人和造船大師，他們被鼓勵參與有關五角帆船技術方面的討論。薩努托寫道：

??總督和參議員們在學院的沙龍里開會，在那里提出有圣人參與的建議，他們評估了Vetor Fausto設計的五帆帆船模型，他在這個城市的Terranova講授希臘語，有公共工資。還有兵工廠主管Lunardo Emo和[兵工廠]贊助人Antonio da Pexaro，因為其他人不在威尼斯；[還有]Lunardo和Mathio Brexan，以及兵工廠的其他大帆船的造船大師，他們討論了很長時間。[Lunardo] Brexan贊揚了[該模型]，而[Mathio] Brexan則譴責了它。

??The debate about the technical aspects of the quinquereme, and especially about the rowing system, was highly pitched. The Senate was inclined to believe the opinion of Lunardo Brexan (1498-1540), a skilled shipwright. Toward the end of the fifteenth century he had built a heavy barze of 1,200 tons, the first of the great round ships that sailed from the Venetian Arsenal for military purposes.However, on 23 September 1525, a few days after the meeting with the naval architecture experts of the Arsenal, the Senate deliberated a proposal in favor of Fausto’s project of building a quinquereme:

??Our faithful Venetian dominus Vetor [sic] Fausto has been here, in our presence, and he had presented a model of a quinquereme, which is rowed by five oars per bench, and it has been examined and discussed by our master shipbuilders from the Arsenal. It would be beneficial to have in our Arsenal a ship for the safety of our overseas dominions, such as that of the quinquereme, and [it would be beneficial] also to hire the above mentioned dominus Vetor for our service. On the authority of this Council, it is proposed that the Superintends and the Patrons of the Arsenal provide [Fausto] with a ship-shed in which to build the above mentioned quinquereme, and with all the necessities in order to accomplish it. Furthermore, [it is proposed] that our ambassador in Rome ask the Blessed Pope to satisfy our request of 500 ducats of income for the above mentioned dominus Vetor [sic] as a favor from the Knights of Rhodes, since he had no such income. Moreover, in the event that this request is accepted, the above mentioned Vetor Fausto is bound to produce the rowing system of the quinquereme and to demonstrate it to the Superintends and Patrons of the Arsenal, and to the master shipbuilders. Once the quinquereme is approved by our experts, [Fausto] can start building his quinquereme and complete it. Furthermore, it is proposed that, while dominus Vetor [sic] is waiting for the above mentioned benefit, he will have for his sustenance the yearly amount of 100 ducats, which he no longer will be given upon receiving the above mentioned income. These provisions will be effective from the day in which the above mentioned quinquereme is completed, fully armed, and shown that the rowing system works, upon which it will be praised and approved. Finally, dominus Vetor [sic] will be allowed to carry arms and to hire a guard for his safety and protection, as he has rightly requested.

??關于五角帆船技術方面的辯論，特別是關于劃船系統(tǒng)的辯論，是非常激烈的。元老院傾向于相信Lunardo Brexan（1498-1540）的意見，他是一個熟練的船工。在15世紀末，他建造了一艘1200噸的重船，這是第一艘從威尼斯兵工廠為軍事目的航行的大圓船。然而，1525年9月23日，在與兵工廠的海軍建筑專家開會幾天后，元老院審議了一項提案，支持福斯托建造五角帆船的計劃：

? ??我們忠實的威尼斯統(tǒng)治者Vetor[原文如此]Fausto來過這里，當著我們的面，他提出了一個五角帆船的模型，每個凳子用五支槳劃行，我們兵工廠的造船大師已經(jīng)對它進行了檢查和討論。在我們的兵工廠里有一艘用于保護我們海外領地安全的船，如quinquereme的船，[這將是有益的]，也可以雇用上述dominus Vetor為我們服務。根據(jù)安理會的授權，建議兵工廠的主管和贊助人為[福斯托]提供一個船棚，以便建造上述的五角帆船，并提供所有必需品，以完成這項工作。此外，[建議]我們在羅馬的大使要求神圣的教皇滿足我們?yōu)樯鲜鰀ominus Vetor[原文如此]提供500金幣收入的要求，作為羅德斯騎士團的恩惠，因為他沒有這樣的收入。此外，如果這一請求被接受，上述Vetor Fausto有義務制作五角帆船的劃船系統(tǒng)，并向兵工廠的主管和贊助人以及造船大師展示它。一旦五角帆船得到我們專家的認可，[福斯托]就可以開始建造他的五角帆船并完成它。此外，建議在dominus Vetor[原文如此]等待上述福利的時候，他將有每年100杜克特的生活費，在獲得上述收入后將不再給予他這筆錢。這些規(guī)定將從上述五角帆船完成、全副武裝并表明劃船系統(tǒng)可行的那一天起生效，屆時它將受到贊揚和認可。最后，dominus Vetor[原文如此]將被允許攜帶武器，并為他的安全和保護雇用一名警衛(wèi)，這是他正確的要求。

??The Senate voted twice on this deliberation. Of the 25 Senators present at the Council, 16 voted in favor (de parte), eight voted against Fausto’s proposal (de non), and one voted non sinceri, literally “not sincere”, meaning that the Senator was not able to make an educated vote, or abstained. Unfortunately, the deliberation failed since Venetian legislation required a senatorial decree to secure three quarters of the votes for approval. Basically, the majority of the Senators favored Fausto, but the decree did not pass for being one vote short.

??元老院對這次審議進行了兩次投票。在出席議會的25名參議員中，16人投了贊成票（de parte），8人投了反對票（de non），1人投了non sinceri，字面意思是 "不真誠"，意思是該參議員無法進行有教養(yǎng)的投票，或者棄權。不幸的是，審議失敗了，因為威尼斯的立法要求元老院的法令必須獲得四分之三的票數(shù)才能通過。基本上，大多數(shù)參議員都贊成福斯托，但法令因少一票而沒有通過。

??On 17 January 1526, the Senators invited Fausto to speak a second time. Sanuto recorded that Fausto talked for a long time praising his quinquereme. He claimed that it would be “the mistress of the seas” for its seaworthiness and for the great advantage and prestige that the Republic would gain from its construction. 44 But among the senators, skepticism and dubiousness that a man of letters could succeed in building a ship had been spread by the incredulous shipwrights. The master shipbuilders’ main concern was the alla sensile rowing system of the quinquereme. It consisted of five rowers per bench, each with an oar. From the end of the thirteenth century to the middle of the sixteenth century the standard Venetian galleys were triremes (light galleys), developed from the Byzantine bireme in 1290.45 The triremes were single-banked ships with 25 or 30 benches on either side and three rowers per bench, each pulling a separate oar.46 The benches (or thwarts) were arranged obliquely to form an acute angle with the longitudinal gangway (or corsia) of the ship, so that the inboard extremity of each bench was positioned farther toward the bow than the outboard end. Thus, the three rowers, sitting on the same bench and each pulling his own oar, did not interfere with one another during rowing. Baldissera Quintio Drachio, in his Vision (1594), referred to a light galley with 24 benches, each arranged obliquely (sbiasso) towards the bow by 28 dita, that is to say 60.85 cm.47 Although ancient texts on naval warfare such as De re militari by the Late Roman writer Vegetius mention multi-banked galleys, during the Renaissance the oars of the Mediterranean warship were arranged on a single level. In Venice, both the light galley and the great galley were singlebanked ships. Neither the latter nor the former were rowed by more than three oars per bench. Thus, the project proposed by Vettor Fausto of building a quinquereme rowed by five rowers on a single bench, each pulling a separate oar, must have appeared revolutionary, if not visionary. For this reason, the Senators left any decisions concerning the construction of the quinquereme pending and resolved not to vote for an official decree.

??1526年1月17日，參議員們第二次邀請福斯托發(fā)言。根據(jù)薩努托的記錄，福斯托談了很長時間，稱贊他的五角帆船。他聲稱，這艘船將成為 "海洋的女主人"，因為它的適航性和共和國將從它的建造中獲得巨大的優(yōu)勢和聲望。44但在元老院中，對一個文人能否成功造船的懷疑和疑慮已經(jīng)被那些難以置信的造船師們散布開來。造船大師們主要關注的是五角帆船的Alla sensile劃船系統(tǒng)。它由每條長凳上的五個劃手組成，每個人都有一個槳。從十三世紀末到十六世紀中葉，威尼斯的標準帆船是三桅帆船（輕型帆船），是在1290年從拜占庭的雙桅帆船發(fā)展而來的。45 三桅帆船是單舷船，兩邊有25或30個長凳，每個長凳有三個劃手，每個人拉一個單獨的槳。長凳（或矮凳）是斜著排列的，與船的縱向舷梯（或corsia）形成一個銳角，因此每個長凳的內側末端都比外側末端更靠近船頭的位置。這樣，三個劃船手坐在同一張長椅上，各自拉著自己的船槳，在劃船時不會互相干擾。Baldissera Quintio Drachio在他的《愿景》（1594年）中提到了一艘有24張長凳的輕型船，每張長凳向船頭傾斜（sbiasso）28迪塔，也就是60.85厘米。47 雖然古代的海戰(zhàn)文獻，如晚期羅馬作家Vegetius的《De re militari》提到了多板塊的帆船，在文藝復興時期，地中海戰(zhàn)艦的槳被安排在一個水平線上。在威尼斯，輕型帆船和大型帆船都是單板船。后者和前者都不是由每個長凳上的三個以上的槳來劃船。因此，Vettor Fausto提出的建造一艘由五個劃手在一個長凳上劃船，每個人拉一個單獨的槳的五角帆船的計劃，如果不是有遠見，也一定是革命性的。出于這個原因，參議員們將有關建造五人劃艇的任何決定擱置起來，并決定不對正式法令進行投票。

??On 23 May 1526 Fausto again presented before the Senators of the Council of Ten. He read his request (suplica) for building his quinquereme reported as follows:

??Most Serene Doge,

??Since I, Vetor [sic] Fausto, see that your affairs are such that they do not permit you either to solve my case or to vote in my favor, as it has been promised to me, I believe it would not be inconvenient if I remind by this speech I wrote to Your Sublimity and to the most Excellent Lords [of this Council] my request. Consider, please, that it is almost seven years since I have returned to this city, and I was extremely pleased to be appointed professor of Greek, even though I received only half of the salary I could have received from the Lucchesi and from the Ragusans, as it is indicated in public documents. But I was willing to show to Your Sublimity all the knowledge I gained after many labors, perils, and hard work all over the world. Indeed, I became acquainted with several seamen of different countries, namely Catalans, Provencales, Normans, Biscaynes, Genoese, and others; and I have visited several maritime cities in Spain, France, Italy, and in other [countries], and I have spoken with many Sea Captains, among which were Piero Navarro, Pier Jam Bassà, the Gobbo from Dalmatia, and Doria; and I have spoken with the master shipbuilders of Naples, Genoa, and Pisa; and, therefore, I found out that the quinquereme, which was the great and fast galley that the Romans used in naval warfare, would be the mistress of the sea and it would defeat any other ship, since it is extremely seaworthy and could withstand any sort of weather. Thus, I myself designed the quinquereme according to the measurements I found in the most ancient Greek texts, and, successively, I came before this Council and presented my project to you, most Excellent Lords, and to the master shipbuilders of the Arsenal. I clearly stated that my quinquereme could have carried one cannon of more than 15 miara, in addition to the smaller ones, and that, at the bow, it could have hurled a 100 libbre iron [ball], which would be easily capable of sinking any armed ship. Furthermore, since my quinquereme would be quite huge, it could be laid at anchor offshore together with the other large ships. Moreover, my quinquereme would be a great advantage during naval warfare: thanks to its design and to the number of oars, it would sail as fast as the light galleys. I assert that my quinquereme will have all these features and will confirm this claim. Indeed, [also] the master shipbuilders of the Arsenal of Your Sublimity, after they carefully evaluated the proportions of my quinquereme, said that the ship would confirm the above mentioned claims and it would be fast, when provided with the rowing system I have designed consisting of the [five] oars pulled together at the same time. However, [the master shipbuilders] said that they are unable to build and to set in motion [the rowing system] of my quinquereme. Therefore, I proposed to build it on my own, so that I could demonstrate how the fifth oar [on a quinquereme] would row better than the third [oar on a trireme] does at the present [on the other galleys], on condition that Your Sublimity would ask the Pope – since my quinquereme would be beneficial to all the Christian world – to provide me with a salary of 500 ducats from the Confraternity [of the Knights] of Rhodes, and, in the meantime, Your Sublimity would provide me with an income of 150 ducats per year. Although Your Sublimity and the most Excellent Lords appeared to promptly approve my project, nonetheless any judgement has not been pronounced so far. However, since I know that Your Sublimity has the intention to build new warships in order to defeat the Western corsairs, and has in mind to build a new fleet regardless of the expenses, I present again my quinquereme that will confirm all the above claims, which, neither light galleys (galee sottili), small galleys (galeotte), great galleys (galee grosse), nor large galleys (galee bastarde) can achieve, as they cannot sail with the wind. And I assert that I will demonstrate the rowing system, in which five men pulling the oars together at the same time would row better than the three men on light galleys. In the case my quinquereme will not be approved by the expert [master ship builders], and in case Your Sublimity will not experience the truth of what I am asserting, then, I will forego any reward. To set things straight, since the construction of the hull of my quinquereme involves great expenses, Your Sublimity should provide me with a great galley from his Arsenal, so that I may arrange on it the rowing system according to its cargo capacity based on the height of the depth in the hold. So, Your Sublimity will see the great advantage of my quinquereme, although not yet built, but still Your Sublimity will realize, either way, what the final result of one of my quinqueremes would be when completely realized with all its proportions. Then, Your Sublimity will decide, at his discretion, whether I deserve a reward or not, based on my innovations, which, I hope, will be wonderful and great. These are, Most Serene Doge and Excellent Lords, the things that a humble servant has been trying to acquaint himself with all over the world, thanks also to the ancient Greek and Roman texts. And now I offer to Your Sublimity my knowledge, which will confer to this rich city great prestige, benefit, and safety. It should not be that you, Excellent Lords, who are considered the wisest all over the world and the most expert in naval warfare, despise me, such a humble servant, and disregard my project, since very few quinqueremes would suffice to ruin any enemy’s fleet. Therefore, with great deference, I request what I am asking will be fulfilled, and that one of my servants and I be allowed to carry arms, for the reasons that Your Sublimity well knows

? .1526年5月23日，福斯托再次來到十人會議的參議員面前。他宣讀了他關于建造他的五角大樓的請求（suplica），報告如下：

? ?最尊貴的總督，

??既然我，維托爾[原文如此]-福斯托，看到你的事務是這樣的，以至于不允許你既解決我的問題，也不允許你按照對我的承諾投票支持我，我相信如果我通過這篇演講提醒你，我寫給崇高閣下和[本議會]最優(yōu)秀的領主們的請求，不會有什么不方便。請考慮一下，我回到這個城市已經(jīng)快七年了，我非常高興被任命為希臘語教授，盡管我從盧切斯人和拉古斯人那里得到的薪水只有一半，這在公開文件中已經(jīng)表明。但我愿意向崇高閣下展示我在世界各地經(jīng)過許多勞作、危險和辛勤工作后獲得的所有知識。的確，我認識了幾個不同國家的海員，即加泰羅尼亞人、普羅旺斯人、諾曼人、比斯開人、熱那亞人和其他人；我訪問了西班牙、法國、意大利和其他[國家]的幾個海上城市，我與許多船長交談過，其中有皮耶羅-納瓦羅、皮耶-賈姆-巴薩、達爾馬提亞的戈布和多利亞。我還與那不勒斯、熱那亞和比薩的造船大師談過；因此，我發(fā)現(xiàn)五角帆船，也就是羅馬人在海戰(zhàn)中使用的大型快速船，將成為海上的女主人，它將擊敗任何其他船只，因為它非常適航，可以抵御任何種類的天氣。因此，我自己根據(jù)我在最古老的希臘文獻中發(fā)現(xiàn)的測量結果設計了五角帆船，并且，我先后來到這個議會，向你們，最優(yōu)秀的領主，以及兵工廠的造船大師們介紹了我的項目。我清楚地指出，我的五角帆船可以攜帶一門超過15米拉的大炮，此外，在船頭，它可以投擲一個100磅的鐵[球]，這將很容易使任何武裝船只沉沒。此外，由于我的五角帆船相當巨大，它可以和其他大船一起在海上拋錨。此外，我的五桅帆船在海戰(zhàn)中會有很大的優(yōu)勢：由于它的設計和船槳的數(shù)量，它可以像輕型帆船一樣快速航行。我斷言，我的五桅帆船將具備所有這些特點，并將證實這一說法。事實上，"崇高的軍火庫 "的造船大師在仔細評估了我的五角帆船的比例后說，如果配備我設計的由[五支]船槳同時拉起的劃船系統(tǒng)，這艘船將證實上述說法，而且速度很快。然而，[造船大師]說，他們無法建造和啟動我的五角帆船的[劃船系統(tǒng)]。因此，我提議自己建造，這樣我就可以證明[五桅帆船]的第五只槳如何比目前[其他帆船]的第三只槳劃得更好。條件是崇高閣下要求教皇--因為我的五角帆船對整個基督教世界都有好處--從羅得島的[騎士]聯(lián)誼會中為我提供500金幣的薪水，同時，崇高閣下將為我提供每年150金幣的收入。雖然崇高閣下和最優(yōu)秀的領主們似乎很快就批準了我的項目，但迄今為止還沒有作出任何判決。然而，由于我知道陛下有意建造新的戰(zhàn)艦以打敗西方的海盜，并打算不計成本地建造一支新的艦隊，我再次提出我的五角帆船，它將證實上述所有主張，無論是輕型大帆船（galee sottili）、小型大帆船（galeotte）、大型大帆船（galee grosse）還是大型大帆船（galee bastarde）都無法實現(xiàn)，因為它們不能隨風航行。而我斷言，我將展示劃船系統(tǒng)，在這個系統(tǒng)中，五個人同時拉動船槳會比輕質大帆船上的三個人劃得更好。如果我的五角帆船不能得到專家[造船大師]的認可，如果崇高閣下不能體會到我所主張的真理，那么，我將放棄任何獎勵。為了把事情弄清楚，由于建造我的五角帆船的船體需要大量的費用，崇高者應該從他的軍火庫中為我提供一艘大船，這樣我就可以根據(jù)船艙深度的高度，按照貨物的容量在上面安排劃船系統(tǒng)。因此，陛下將看到我的五角帆船的巨大優(yōu)勢，盡管尚未建成，但陛下仍將意識到，無論如何，我的一艘五角帆船在完全實現(xiàn)其所有比例后的最終結果將是什么。然后，崇高閣下將根據(jù)我的創(chuàng)新，酌情決定我是否應該得到獎勵，我希望我的創(chuàng)新將是美妙而偉大的。尊敬的總督和尊敬的諸位大人，這些都是一個卑微的仆人在世界各地努力熟悉的東西，這也要感謝古希臘和羅馬的文本?，F(xiàn)在我把我的知識獻給崇高的陛下，這將給這個富裕的城市帶來巨大的威望、利益和安全。尊敬的閣下，您被認為是全世界最聰明的人，也是最擅長海戰(zhàn)的人，不應該輕視我這個卑微的仆人，不理會我的計劃，因為很少的五角星就足以摧毀任何敵人的艦隊。因此，我懷著極大的敬意，請求您滿足我的要求，允許我和我的一個仆人攜帶武器，因為崇高的陛下很清楚這些原因。

??Fausto’s proposal of testing the rowing system first on a great galley must have motivated the Lords of the Council to reexamine Fausto’s project. With the official decree dated to 23 May 1526, the members of the Council of Ten decided “… that the request dominus Vetor Fausto has just read for building a quinquereme has to be examined by the Council of the Pregadi in order to vote on Fausto’s petition”.49 On 30 July 1526 the Council again discussed Fausto’s request. A few weeks later on 22 September 1526 the proposal of building a quinquereme finally arrived in the hands of the Venetian senators.50 A document from the Correr Museum from the end of the sixteenth century recorded that “many master shipbuilders were opposed to the proposal of the audacious shipbuilder, but the senator Bernardo Navagero spoke in favor of Fausto at the presence of the members of the Senate and supported him against his detractors”.51 Finally, the Senate accepted and approved Fausto’s request:

??The [members] of this Council have listened to the proposal of building a quinquereme by our humble servant Vetor Fausto. Our master shipbuilders have examined carefully the design [of the ship] and it has been approved. However, there is still some doubt concerning its rowing system which inevitably has to be tested prior to its construction. If the rowing system is successful, it would greatly increase both the good reputation and the safety of our city. Therefore, it has been decided that the above mentioned Vetor has to come before this Council and demonstrate the oar mechanics of his quinquereme in the presence of the Most Serene Doge and the experts to be selected by the members of the Council. In the event the rowing system is proven to work, the Patrons of our Arsenal will immediately have to provide him with a ship-shed, which has to be locked up in order to permit entrance only to the shipwrights selected to build the quinquereme. Moreover, [it has been decided] to provide Fausto with all the necessities, such as workers, wood, and supplies he will need in order to build his quinquereme without further delay. Conversely, if the Council realizes that the [demonstration of the] rowing system is not doable, then a great galley (galia bastarda) from our Arsenal should be allocated to Fausto, so that he can adapt the oars on this great galley and demonstrate the rowing system he invented. The Patrons [of the Arsenal] have to provide him, therefore, with all the necessities Fausto asks, in order to avoid any delay in the construction. Once the rowing system [on the great galley] is proven to work and to be effective, then, a ship-shed to build the quinquereme should be immediately assigned to Fausto. In order to properly reward his work, which is so important for the reputation of our State, it has been decided that [Fausto] will receive his reward.

? ??福斯托提出的先在一艘大船上測試劃船系統(tǒng)的建議，肯定促使理事會的成員們重新審查福斯托的項目。在1526年5月23日的官方法令中，十人理事會成員決定"......Dominus Vetor Fausto剛剛宣讀的關于建造一艘五角帆船的請求必須由Pregadi理事會審查，以便對Fausto的請求進行投票。"49 1526年7月30日，理事會再次討論Fausto的請求。幾周后，1526年9月22日，建造五角帆船的提案終于到了威尼斯參議員手中。50 科雷爾博物館的一份十六世紀末的文件記載，"許多造船大師都反對這位大膽的造船家的提案，但參議員貝爾納多-納瓦格羅在參議院成員面前發(fā)言支持福斯托，支持他反對詆毀他的人：

??? 本理事會的[成員]已經(jīng)聽取了我們卑微的仆人Vetor Fausto關于建造一艘五角帆船的建議。我們的造船大師已經(jīng)仔細檢查了[船]的設計，并得到了批準。然而，關于它的劃船系統(tǒng)仍有一些疑問，在建造之前不可避免地要進行測試。如果劃船系統(tǒng)是成功的，它將大大增加我們城市的良好聲譽和安全。因此，已經(jīng)決定上述的Vetor必須來到本理事會，在最尊貴的總督和由理事會成員選出的專家面前展示他的五角帆船的劃槳機械裝置。如果證明劃船系統(tǒng)可行，我們兵工廠的贊助人將立即為他提供一個船棚，該船棚必須上鎖，以便只允許被選中建造五桅帆船的船工進入。此外，[已經(jīng)決定]向福斯托提供他所需要的所有必需品，如工人、木材和用品，以便毫不拖延地建造他的五角帆船。相反，如果理事會意識到[演示]劃船系統(tǒng)是不可行的，那么就應該從我們的軍火庫中拿出一艘大船（galia bastarda）分配給福斯托，這樣他就可以在這艘大船上改裝船槳，演示他發(fā)明的劃船系統(tǒng)。因此，[兵工廠]的贊助人必須為他提供福斯托所要求的所有必需品，以避免施工中的任何延誤。一旦[大船]的劃船系統(tǒng)被證明是有效的，那么，建造五角帆船的船棚應立即分配給福斯托。為了適當獎勵他的工作，這對我們國家的聲譽非常重要，已經(jīng)決定[福斯托]將得到他的獎勵。

? ??A practical demonstration of how “the five men pulling the oars together at the same time would row better than three men on the light galleys”53 was the conditio sine qua non for the construction of the quinquereme. Unfortunately, records about the circumstances of the demonstration of the rowing system do not exist and it remains unknown whether Fausto ever adapted five oars to the hull of a great galley. Nevertheless, it seems that Fausto convinced the master shipbuilders of the Arsenal. Indeed, a few weeks later in October 1526 Fausto started the construction of his quinquereme, working alongside shipwrights in the Arsenal.54 The construction of the quinquereme in the Venetian Arsenal lasted almost three years. Likely, the ship-shed assigned to Fausto was located in the Arsenale Novissimo, “the most recent area” added to the existing Arsenal in 1475.55 The construction of the hull of the quinquereme and its upper structures was completed in the first days of 1529. On the morning of 11 January 1529：

??The Most Serene Doge, wearing a garment of velvet and a coat on his shoulders, went to the Arsenal, together with all the members of the College, about ten Procurators, and ten other Senators who were in saint Mark’s square and had been invited, among whom were sier Andrea Mudazo and sier Piero Lando, who were the Superintends of the Arsenal. [The Most Serene Doge] made his entrance through the New Arsenal, and there he saw the ships (barze) that were being built, one of which was almost completed. He also saw the quinquereme built by Vettor Fausto, who was there and explained all the shipbuilding sequence, and stated that it was accomplished.

??一個關于 "五個人同時拉動船槳比三個人在輕型帆船上劃得更好 "53 的實際演示是建造五槳船的必要條件。不幸的是，關于展示劃船系統(tǒng)的情況的記錄并不存在，福斯托是否曾將五支船槳安裝在大帆船的船體上仍然不得而知。盡管如此，福斯托似乎說服了阿森納的造船大師們。事實上，幾周后的1526年10月，福斯托開始建造他的五角帆船，與兵工廠的船工一起工作。54 威尼斯兵工廠的五角帆船的建造持續(xù)了近三年?？赡埽峙浣o福斯托的船棚位于Arsenale Novissimo，這是1475年在現(xiàn)有兵工廠基礎上增加的 "最新區(qū)域"。55 五桅帆船的船體及其上部結構的建造在1529年的頭幾天完成。1529年1月11日上午：

??最尊貴的總督身穿天鵝絨衣服，肩披大衣，與學院的所有成員、大約10名檢察官和其他10名在圣馬克廣場上被邀請的參議員一起前往兵工廠，其中包括兵工廠主管安德烈亞-穆達佐和皮耶羅-蘭多。[最尊貴的總督從新兵工廠進入，在那里他看到了正在建造的船只（barze），其中一艘已接近完工。他還看到了由Vettor Fausto建造的五角帆船，他在那里解釋了所有的造船順序，并表示已經(jīng)完成了。

??The construction of the quinquereme completely absorbed Vettor Fausto. Moreover, considering that Fausto was not a skilled shipwright, building a ship for the first time ex novo would have been a demanding task. In a long letter written to his friend Giovan Battista Ramusio, and dated to 13 September 1530, Fausto compared the days of his intense work at the Arsenal to Heracles’ descent into the Underworld:

??I have arrived at the place where the Venetians build their ships, which is almost like Acheron. And I came there through a difficult and abysmal path, though a cave with huge and pointed stones hanging from the ceiling where there is constantly the thick darkness of Hades, as the poet said with slightly different words. When the past year, with hard work, I achieved the same fame that Hercules achieved – if I may compare myself to the ancients – at the moment when he arrived in Hades. Hercules, however, was at least accompanied by Theseus, who helped him to escape the jaws of the terrible Cerberus, and eventually [Hercules] succeeded in returning to world to see light again. I, instead, was completely left alone, and although I do not owe anything to anyone, no one helped me, and I had to fight alone against the ignorance and the ill will of Cerberus, so to speak

Fausto’s metaphor not only likens his hard work to that of the labors of Heracles but, most of all it is an explicit reference to “the ignorance and the ill will” of the conservative, Venetian master shipbuilders who employed traditional shipbuilding practices.

??五角帆船的建造完全吸引了Vettor Fausto。此外，考慮到福斯托并不是一個熟練的船工，第一次從頭開始建造一艘船將是一項艱巨的任務。在寫給他的朋友喬萬-巴蒂斯塔-拉穆西奧（Giovan Battista Ramusio）的一封日期為1530年9月13日的長信中，福斯托將他在兵工廠緊張工作的日子比作赫拉克勒斯進入冥界的過程：

??我已經(jīng)來到了威尼斯人建造船只的地方，那里幾乎就像阿克倫。而我是通過一條艱難而可怕的道路來到那里的，雖然是一個山洞，天花板上掛著巨大而尖銳的石頭，那里一直有哈迪斯的厚重黑暗，就像詩人用稍微不同的詞說的那樣。當過去的一年，通過努力工作，我取得了和海格力斯一樣的名聲--如果我可以把自己和古人相比的話--在他到達哈迪斯的那一刻。然而，海格力斯至少有特修斯的陪伴，特修斯幫助他逃脫了可怕的地獄犬的爪牙，最終[海格力斯]成功地回到了世界，重新看到了光明。而我卻完全被拋棄了，雖然我不欠任何人什么，但沒有人幫助我，我不得不獨自對抗無知和地獄犬的惡意，可以這么說

福斯托的比喻不僅把他的辛勤工作比作赫拉克勒斯的勞動，而且最重要的是，它明確提到了保守的、采用傳統(tǒng)造船方法的威尼斯造船師的 "無知和惡意"。

??Remarkably, Fausto’s quinquereme became famous even before it was launched. On 31 March 1526 Giovanni Contarini, known as Cazadiavoli (“Devil Chaser”), wrote a letter from the harbor of Trani to Lunardo Emo, the Superintendent of the Arsenal. In the letter, Contarini “asked to send [to Trani] the quinquereme that had been built by Vettor Fausto in the Arsenal, and said that, sailing onboard the quinquereme, he could achieve great deeds, and defeat four galleys of Andrea Doria”.58 However, the quinquereme remained unarmed and yet to be outfitted. Less than a month later, on 28 April 1526, “in the Arsenal, it was launched. The quinquereme had been built by Vetor Fausto, who designed it and who is [also] a professor of Greek …, however, most of the people believe that [the quinquereme] would be a failure. They said that on 6 May, on the day of the Sensa Feast, [the quinquereme] will take part in the parade on the Canal together with the Bucentaur”.59 Apparently, however, the quinquereme did not take part in this important Venetian festivity, for it was not yet ready.

??值得注意的是，福斯托的五角帆船甚至在下水之前就已經(jīng)出名了。1526年3月31日，被稱為Cazadiavoli（"魔鬼追逐者"）的喬瓦尼-康塔里尼從特拉尼港給兵工廠主管Lunardo Emo寫了一封信。在信中，康塔里尼 "要求把Vettor Fausto在兵工廠建造的五桅帆船送去[特拉尼]，并說在五桅帆船上航行，他可以完成偉大的事業(yè)，打敗安德烈亞-多利亞的四艘大帆船 "58。不到一個月后，1526年4月28日，"在兵工廠，它下水了。五桅帆船是由Vetor Fausto建造的，他是設計者，也是希臘語教授......，然而，大多數(shù)人都認為[五桅帆船]會是失敗的。他們說，5月6日，在Sensa節(jié)那天，[五角帆船]將和Bucentaur一起參加運河上的游行"。59 但顯然，五角帆船沒有參加威尼斯的這個重要節(jié)日，因為它還沒有準備好。

??The first official ceremony occurred on 21 May 1526. The historian Sanuto, who was present at the parade and saw the quinquereme from Saint Anthony, on the Lido di Jesolo, between Venice and Chioggia, recorded the following:

??This morning, the quinquereme was launched in the Arsenal; [onboard] there were the rowers of the ferry-boats, and sier Alvise Sagredo, Patron of the Arsenal, was the captain. [The quinquereme] sailed up to Chioggia, as if it was vaulting…. It was armed with its full load of artillery to make it steady on the water, and it had also a culverin weighting … on the bow, the captain was sier Alsive Sagredo, Patron of the Arsenal, and Vettor Fausto, who designed the ship, was the admiral … there was also the crew … the quinquereme was escorted by the galley of sier Agustin da Mula, who had been the Proveditor to the Fleet, and, together with the noblemen, [the quinquereme] sailed up to Saint Anthony, where I was standing and had the occasion to admire it. I saw that the rowers were rowing together in unison, and then the ship saluted Saint Anthony three times, as it was the custom, and then it turned and sailed back very fast, and arrived at Saint George Major, and, there, it also saluted, and then it arrived in front of Saint Mark.

??第一次正式儀式發(fā)生在1526年5月21日。歷史學家薩努托出席了閱兵式，并在威尼斯和基奧賈之間的利多迪耶索洛看到了來自圣安東尼的五角星，他記錄了以下內容：

??今天上午，五角帆船在阿森納下水；[船上]有渡船的劃手，阿森納的贊助人阿爾維斯-薩格雷多先生是船長。[五角帆船]駛向基奧賈，仿佛是在拱衛(wèi)....。它裝備了滿載的火炮，以使它在水面上保持穩(wěn)定，它還有一個涵義重物......在船頭，船長是兵工廠的贊助人Alsive Sagredo先生，設計該船的Vettor Fausto是海軍司令......。還有船員......五角帆船由曾任艦隊監(jiān)察員的奧古斯丁-達-穆拉爵士的船隊護送，與貴族們一起，[五角帆船]駛向圣安東尼，我當時站在那里，有機會欣賞它。我看到劃船的人齊心協(xié)力地劃著船，然后按照慣例向圣安東尼致敬三次，然后它轉過身來，飛快地往回駛，到達了圣喬治少校，在那里，它也敬了個禮，然后它到達了圣馬克的前面。

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