正文翻譯

What would happen if we nuked the Sun?

如果我們用核武器攻擊太陽會發(fā)生什么？

評論翻譯

Bill Caffrey
Send “a” nuke? That’s like throwing a grain of sand in the ocean and expecting to see some significant result. Send all our nukes (every one on the planet) and it’d be like throwing a stone the size of, say a cigarette lighter flint, into Lake Michigan.
The sun is a thermonuclear furnace of immense size and mass. It runs by fusion of atomic materials like a hydrogen bomb. Our puny H-bombs are a fraction of its output every second. Our smaller, fission devices (A-Bombs) aren’t even a millisecond of the sun’s output.
The reason is something called relative scale. Here’s a photo of a scale model of our solar system.
Any more questions?

扔核武器？這就像往海里扔了一粒沙子，然后期待看到一些重要的結(jié)果。把我們所有的核武器(地球上的每一個)都扔過去，就像把一個打火機大小的石頭扔進密歇根湖一樣。
太陽是一個巨大的熱核熔爐。它通過原子材料的聚變來運轉(zhuǎn)，就像氫彈一樣。我們的氫彈只是它每秒輸出量的一小部分。我們更小的裂變裝置(原子彈)的輻射量甚至不到太陽輻射量的一毫秒。
原因在于所謂的相對尺度。這是一張我們太陽系的比例模型的照片。
還有什么問題嗎？

Bill Cravens
The scale of things in the Cosmos never ceases to astonish me. There are stars that make our Sun look dinky. And our Sun is 99% of the mass of our system.

宇宙萬物的規(guī)模總是讓我驚訝不已。有些恒星系讓我們的太陽看起來很渺小。太陽的質(zhì)量是整個系統(tǒng)的99%

Wyatt Peak
Just one small correction - the biggest bomb we ever made released as much energy as one second of sunlight striking Earth - the actual output of the sun in one second is about a billion times larger.

這里提供一個小的修正：我們制造的最大的炸彈釋放的能量相當于太陽光照射地球的一秒，而太陽在一秒內(nèi)的實際輸出大約是這個數(shù)的十億倍。

Scott Danzig
9 orders of magnitude isn’t really a small correction.

9個數(shù)量級并不是一個小的修正。

Wyatt Peak
To be honest I was pretty surprised to learn that Earth absorbs a billionth of the sun’s energy, it's many orders of magnitude higher than I would have guessed.
That said, I take your point.

說實話，當我得知地球吸收了太陽十億分之一的能量時，我非常驚訝，這比我想象的要高很多個數(shù)量級。
不過我同意你的觀點。

Jon Yong
The Sun’s energy goes out in all directions from it.
The Earth is really far away, and really small (small in comparison).
So the best way to picture it intuitively is that the Sun’s radiating light goes off in every direction, and only a very tiny bit of it hits the Earth.

太陽的能量向四面八方發(fā)散。
地球真的很遠，而且真的很小(相比之下很小)。
所以最直觀的描述方法就是太陽的輻射光向各個方向發(fā)散，只有很小的一部分照射到地球上。

Alan Shepherd
Kinda makes you feel tiny, right?

會讓你覺得自己很渺小，對吧?

Steven Carter
You should check out some of those universe size comparison videos. By the end of the video you begin to realize that we as a species honestly don't matter in the grand scheme of things. We really are just some infinitely tiny speck. It's humbling really.

你應該看看那些宇宙大小比較的視頻。在視頻的最后，你會開始意識到，我們作為一個物種，真的不重要。我們真的只是一個無限小的微粒。這是羞辱。

Ivan Jeleni?
Also, the sun is actually nuking itself all the time. The sun is actually a nuclear reaction happening all the time. So if you add a tiny tiny tiny nuclear explosion from a bomb, it would be insignificant, and it would already be doing the same thing the sun is doing.

此外，太陽實際上一直在核攻擊自己。太陽實際上是一個一直在發(fā)生的核反應堆。
所以如果你加上一個非常非常非常小的核彈爆炸，那就微不足道了，它已經(jīng)在做和太陽一樣的事情了。

Karen Fowler
I find a good way of thinking about how big the Sun is, is to consider that the Sun is losing 4 tons of mass per second, has been doing so for billions of years, and will continue to do so for another couple billion years before anything really noticeable happens.

我找到了一個很好的思考太陽有多大的方法，那就是考慮太陽正在以每秒4噸的速度失去質(zhì)量，這樣的情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了數(shù)十億年，而且還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)幾十億年直到真正顯著的事情發(fā)生。

Bill Caffrey
The mind boggles when we try to grasp how insignificant we are in the cosmos. Our tiny blue marble pales in comparison to the size of the sun (Sol). And yet…
Our sun is nothing remarkable or enormous. Not in the scale of the universe’s stars. At some point the mind just cannot grasp how enormous some planets and stars really are.

當我們試圖理解我們在宇宙中是多么的微不足道時，我們的大腦會感到驚訝。我們小小的藍色大理石與太陽(太陽)的大小相比相形見絀。然而,……
我們的太陽并不是什么了不起的、巨大的東西。在宇宙恒星的規(guī)模下不是的。在某種程度上，我們的大腦無法理解某些行星和恒星究竟有多么巨大。

Oscar Antonio Moreno Perez
In reality our sun is actually quite Big, at least compared to the rest of the 99% of stars our sin is both really big and really shiny, is just that that 1% is composed of true monsters which are on a weight clases of their own, but those stars are the exception not the rule

事實上，我們的太陽實際上相當大，至少與其余99%的恒星相比，我們的太陽既大又亮，只是那1%是由真正的怪物組成的，它們有自己的重量等級，但那些恒星是例外，而不是常規(guī)。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Jasperkips
Well, in the frxwork of chaos theory, dropping a grain of sand in the ocean can have disastrous consequences.

在混沌理論的框架下，在海洋中丟一粒沙子會帶來災難性的后果。

Curt Weinstein
Oh, so that’s why we have global warming. As a kid, I tossed sand into the ocean. Sorry, didn't know that would happen. PS Read the poem about that guy who was hesitant about eating a peach. Ignore the part where he shoots himself in the head.

哦，所以這就是全球變暖的原因。
小時候，我往海里扔沙子。對不起，我不知道會這樣。
編輯：讀過一首詩，是關(guān)于那個猶豫要不要吃桃子的人，忽略他朝自己腦袋開槍的部分。

Carey Wayne
Ugh i bet when i peed in the ocean i upset the current and water temperature

我敢打賭，我在海里撒尿的時候，肯定弄亂了洋流和水溫。

Ted Armitage
Then we’d better stop the billions of grains of sand that get washed back and forth by the tides and those nasty Sahara storms which can dump huge amounts of sand everywhere. And don’t get me started on all those dangerous rivers.
Meanwhile, I’m working out exactly where on the sun I need to drop my bomb.

那我們最好阻止數(shù)以十億計的沙粒被潮汐和可惡的撒哈拉風暴來回沖刷，這些風暴會把大量的沙粒傾倒到各處。別讓我提及那些危險的河流。
與此同時，我正在計算我要在太陽上的確切位置投放炸彈。

Anul Kanti
Still a long way from building death star. But knowing us, I know we'll get there sooner than we think.

要造死星還有很長的路要走。但以我對我們的了解，我知道我們會比想象中更快到達那里。

Jonathan Hall
Okay, now…what if we threw an Earth-sized ball of pure hydrogen into the Sun?

好吧，現(xiàn)在如果我們?nèi)砸粓F地球大小的純氫氣到太陽里會怎樣？
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Bill Caffrey
Amusing question. Short answer: Not a whole lot would happen.
Without getting too deeply into the mathematics, let me ask you at what speed this blob of H2 is moving towards the sun? Let’s just use 40 Km/sec. Earth normally orbits the sun at around 30 Km/sec so 40 is a reasonable number. That’s roughly 89,500 mph. For convenience round it up to 90,000 mph.
So our ball of H2 has to travel 92,960,000 (92.96 million miles) moving at 90,000 mph. From 1 AU (earth’s orbit) it’ll take 1,032 hours to reach the sun — about 43 days, not counting an acceleration due to gravitational pull. But will it reach the sun at all?

有趣的問題。簡短的回答是:不會發(fā)生太多事情。
無需太深入的數(shù)學，我來問一下氫氣團以什么速度向太陽移動?我們假設(shè)40千米/秒。正常情況下，地球繞太陽公轉(zhuǎn)的速度約為30公里/秒，所以40是一個合理的數(shù)字。大約是89500英里每小時。為了方便起見，時速可達9萬英里。
所以氫氣團要以每小時9萬英里的速度飛馳9296萬英里從1個天文單位(地球軌道)出發(fā)，需要1032個小時才能到達太陽，這還不包括引力帶來的加速度，大約需要43天。但它最終會到達太陽嗎?
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

For the entire 43 days it will be bombarded by the solar wind. The solar wind is made of charged particles - electrons and protons - being emitted from the sun. There is the fast solar wind which travels around 400 km/s and the fast solar wind which travels about 800 km/s. Temperatures of these winds range between 800,000°K to 1,400,000°K. That solar wind will impact our earth-sized gas ball and without a magnetosphere to protect it, the wind will strip tens of millions of particles per second, every day for 43 days. But the closer we get to the sun, the denser (and likely hotter) the solar wind will be. This will accelerate the loss of mass from the solar wind. If your gas ball makes it to the sun it will be substantially smaller than when it started.

在整整43天里，它將受到太陽風的轟擊。太陽風是由來自太陽的帶電粒子(電子和質(zhì)子)組成的。有速度約為400公里/秒的太陽風，也有速度約為800公里/秒的太陽風。這些風的溫度在80萬到140萬攝氏度之間。太陽風會撞擊地球大小的氫氣球，如果沒有磁層的保護，太陽風會在43天內(nèi)每天每秒剝離數(shù)千萬個粒子。
我們離太陽越近，太陽風的密度就越大(也可能更熱)。這將加速太陽風造成的質(zhì)量損失。如果你的氫氣球到達太陽，它會比它開始時小得多。

The the sun is about 1.3 million times bigger than the earth. Even if the reduced gas ball gets close to the sun, I think gravitational forces are going to pull it apart like a ball of yarn well before it gets super-heated.
My best guess is — not much will happen.The sun would barely notice it had been fed about 260 billion cubic miles of Hydrogen. In terms of “adding fuel to the fire” I think it’d be like comparing all the fuel emitted by the fuel injector nozzles of a NASCAR engine for 1 second to the amount of fuel the engine used for the entire race.
Volume of sun: 339,116 trillion cubic miles(!!)
Volume of Earth: 260 billion cubic miles

太陽大約比地球大130萬倍。即使減少的氫氣球接近太陽，我認為引力會在它變得超級熱之前把它像紗線球一樣分開。
我的最佳猜測是——不會發(fā)生太多事情。太陽幾乎不會注意到它已經(jīng)得到了大約2600億立方英里的氫氣。
太陽的體積:339116萬億立方英里
地球體積:2600億立方英里