【語齋.翻譯】重溫經(jīng)典,培根《談讀書》雙語
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Studies serve for delight, for ornament,and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring;for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment anddisposition of business. For expert and execute, and perhaps judge ofparticulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots andmarshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned.
讀書足以怡情,足以傅彩,足以長才。其怡情也,最見于獨(dú)處幽居之時;其傅彩也,最見于高談闊論之中;其長才也,最見于處世判事之際。練達(dá)之士雖能分別處理細(xì)事或一一判別枝節(jié),然縱觀統(tǒng)籌,全局策劃,則舍好學(xué)深思者莫屬。
To spend too much time in studies is sloth;to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly bytheir rules, is the humour of a scholar.
讀書費(fèi)時過多易惰,文采藻飾太盛則矯,全憑條文斷事乃學(xué)究故態(tài)。
They perfect nature, and are perfected byexperience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning(pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much atlarge, except they be bounded in by experience.
讀書補(bǔ)天然之不足,經(jīng)驗又補(bǔ)讀書之不足,蓋天生才干猶如自然花草,讀書然后知如何修剪移接,而書中所示,如不以經(jīng)驗范之,則又大而無當(dāng)。
Crafty men contemn studies, simple menadmire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but thatis a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.
有一技之長者鄙讀書,無知者羨讀書,唯明智之士用讀書,然書并不以用處告人,用書之智不在書中,而在書外,全憑觀察得之。
Read not to contradict and confute; nor tobelieve and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh andconsider.
讀書時不可存心詰難讀者,不可盡信書上所言,亦不可只為尋章摘句,而應(yīng)推敲細(xì)思。
Some books are to be tasted, others to beswallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are tobe read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to beread wholly, and with diligence and attention.
書有可淺嘗者,有可吞食者,少數(shù)則須咀嚼消化。換言之,有只需讀其部分者,有只須大體涉獵者,少數(shù)則須全讀,讀時須全神貫注,孜孜不倦。
Some books also may be read by deputy, andextracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less importantarguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like commondistilled waters, flashy things.
書亦可請人代讀,取其所作摘要,但只限題材較次或價值不高者,否則書經(jīng)提煉猶如水經(jīng)蒸餾,淡而無味。
Reading maketh a full man; conference aready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, hehad need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a presentwit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know thathe doth not.
讀書使人充實,討論使人機(jī)智,筆記使人準(zhǔn)確。因此不常做筆記者須記憶力特強(qiáng),不常討論者須天生聰穎,不常讀書者須欺世有術(shù),始能無知而顯有知。
Histories make men wise; poets witty; themathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoricable to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. (Studies pass into the character.)
讀史使人明智,讀詩使人靈秀,數(shù)學(xué)使人周密,科學(xué)使人深刻,倫理學(xué)使人莊重,邏輯修辭之學(xué)使人善辯;凡有所學(xué),皆成性格。
Nay there is no stand or impediment in thewit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body mayhave appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shootingfor the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach ; riding for the head;and the like.
人之才智但有滯礙,無不可讀適當(dāng)之書使之順暢,一如身體百病,皆可借相宜之運(yùn)動除之。滾球利睪腎,射箭利胸肺,慢步利腸胃,騎術(shù)利頭腦,諸如此類。
So if a man's wit be wandering, let himstudy the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away neverso little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or finddifferences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cyminisectores. If he benot apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrateanother, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may havea special receipt.
如智力不集中,可令讀數(shù)學(xué),蓋演題需全神貫注,稍有分散即須重演;如不能辯異,可令讀經(jīng)院哲學(xué),蓋是輩皆吹毛求疵之人;如不善求同,不善以一物闡證另一物,可令讀律師之案卷。如此頭腦中凡有缺陷,皆有特效可醫(yī)。
語齋翻譯愿與您共同分享學(xué)術(shù)及多業(yè)界的內(nèi)容資訊,成就您事業(yè)的飛越。有任何問題或翻譯需求,歡迎聯(lián)系。