中文目錄
1.To be or not to be：董事緣何加入差公司
2.積極履職：積極主義者任命的董事
3.發(fā)光發(fā)熱：助理分析師何時(shí)重要無(wú)比
4.過(guò)度拒絕：研究人員的數(shù)據(jù)分析選擇
5.專(zhuān)利數(shù)據(jù)的使用與濫用
6.距離效應(yīng)：公司與本地投資者

1.Why Do Directors Join Poorly Performing Firms?（JFQA2022）

Prior research has suggested that sitting on the board of a poorly performing firm (PPF) can be undesirable to directors. Still, almost 60% of such firms are able to appoint new directors following director departures. Contrary to a quality matching explanation, we do not find that only poorly performing directors join these firms. Upon joining PPFs, directors are more likely to fill leadership positions without necessarily receiving higher pay. These directors subsequently receive career benefits, especially those who are relatively junior in the pool. As such, the evidence is consistent with the leadership positions providing a certification effect.

2.Activist-appointed Directors（JFQA2022）

We examine the value impact of independent directors nominated by activists (Activist IDs). Firms appointing Activist IDs experience larger value increases than firms appointing other directors, particularly when Activist IDs have private firm experience and when their nominators remain as shareholders. This value increase persists over a long period and is greater than that of activism events without director appointments. The increase is also higher among firms with greater monitoring needs and entrenched boards. Moreover, the appointments of Activist IDs are greeted more positively by the market, and Activist IDs obtain more favorable shareholder votes and additional future directorships.

3.When Do Associate analysts Matter?（MS2022）

Although extant literature investigates the role of sell-side equity analysts in capital markets, most studies do not consider that sell-side equity analysts often work in hierarchical teams. Lead analysts manage a team of associate and junior analysts who participate in the team’s tasks. Building on the delegation theory in the management literature, we hypothesize and find a division of labor between lead and associate analysts, where lead analysts are more likely to delegate tasks (1) that are less significant, (2) that are simpler, (3) when the workload of the lead analyst increases, and (4) when the associate analyst is more competent. Our results further suggest that associate analysts play a significant role in forecasting. By contrast, lead analysts are the main contributors to the qualitative aspects of analyst reports and are more likely to participate in earnings conference calls. Overall, our study documents the significant role of associate analysts in forecasting and the division of labor between lead and associate analysts.

4.Researchers’ data analysis choices: an excess of false positives?（RAS2022）

This paper examines commonly applied methods of data analysis. Predicated on these methods, the main issue pertains to the plausibility of the studies’ end products, that is, their conclusions. I argue that the methods chosen often lead to unwarranted conclusions: the data analyses chosen tend to produce looked-for null rejections even though the null may be much more plausible on prior grounds. Two aspects of data analyses applied cause obvious problems. First, researchers tend to dismiss “preliminary” findings when the findings contradict the expected outcome of the research question (the “screen-picking” issue). Second, researchers rarely acknowledge that small?p-values should be expected when the number of observations runs into the tens of thousands (the “l(fā)arge N” issue). This obviously enhances the chance for a null rejection even if the null hypothesis holds for all practical purposes. The discussion elaborates on these two aspects to explain why researchers generally avoid trying to mitigate false positives via supplementary data analyses. In particular, for no apparent good reasons, most research studiously avoids the use of hold-out samples. An additional topic in this paper concerns the dysfunctional consequences of the standard (“A-journal”) publication process, which tends to buttress the use of research methods prone to false or unwarranted null-rejections.

5.The Use and Misuse of Patent Data: Issues for Finance and Beyond（RFS2022）

Patents and citations are powerful tools increasingly used in financial economics (and management research more broadly) to understand innovation. Biases may result, however, from the interactions between the truncation of patents and citations and the changing composition of inventors. When aggregated at the firm level, these patent and citation biases can survive popular adjustment methods and are correlated with firm characteristics. These issues can lead to problematic inferences. We provide an actionable checklist to avoid biased inferences and also suggest machine learning as a potential new way to address these problems.

6.Social Proximity to Capital: Implications for Investors and Firms（RFS2022）

We show that institutional investors are more likely to invest in firms from regions to which they have stronger social ties but find no evidence that these investments earn a differential return. Firms in regions with stronger social ties to locations with many institutional investors have higher valuations and liquidity. These effects are largest for small firms with little analyst coverage, suggesting that the investors’ behavior is explained by their increased awareness of firms in socially proximate locations. Our results highlight that the social structure of regions affects firms’ access to capital and contributes to geographic differences in economic outcomes.