India’s election results

印度選舉結(jié)果

Modi’s miracle

莫迪的奇跡

DELHI

印度、德里

The bjp’s remarkable victory is down to the prime minister, not the party

人民D取得的非凡勝利要?dú)w功于總理，而不是該D

詞匯

Bjp/印度人民D(Bharatiya Janata Party);

AFTER A HARD-FOUGHT re-election campaign, an American president might thwack some balls down a fairway, or go shoot turkey with the boys. Narendra Modi is different. As India’s gruelling election marathon reached its seventh and final round of voting, leaving a break before the final tally on May 23rd, its prime minister headed instead to a hermit’s cave at the foot of a Himalayan glacier. Or rather, Mr Modi led a posse of cameramen to the scenic Kedarnath Temple, where they dutifully snapped him in a range of poses, from deep meditation cloaked in a saffron shawl, to striding purposefully against a backdrop of snow-capped peaks, sporting a grey woollen cassock and felt cap, a silken tiger print cast over his shoulder.

經(jīng)過一場(chǎng)艱苦的競(jìng)選連任后，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)可能會(huì)再高爾夫球道上狠狠的來幾球，或者和孩子們一起去打火雞。納倫德拉莫迪(Narendra Modi)則不同。隨著印度緊張的馬拉松式選舉進(jìn)入第七輪，也是最后一輪投票，在5月23日的最終計(jì)票前，印度總理轉(zhuǎn)而前往喜馬拉雅冰川腳下的一個(gè)隱士洞穴?；蛘哒f,莫迪帶領(lǐng)一群攝影師來到景色圣地——Kedarnath廟,他們盡職盡責(zé)地拍下了他的一系列的動(dòng)作,從身著藏紅花色披肩深度冥想,到白雪皚皚的山峰的背景下有意大步行走,輕撫著（sporting有玩弄的意思，這里應(yīng)該是一邊走，一邊盤捏著他的袈裟，細(xì)細(xì)思索的姿態(tài)）灰色羊毛袈裟,頭戴氈帽,一條絲綢質(zhì)地的虎印圍繞著他的肩膀。

詞匯

Thwack/打；重?fù)?/p>

Grueling/折磨人的；繁重累人的；使人精疲力盡的

Hermit/（尤指宗教原因的）隱士，隱居者

Meditation/冥想；沉思，深思；靜坐

Saffron/藏紅花；橙黃色

Shawl/披巾，披肩

Stride/跨；跨過；大步行走

Cassock/袈裟，法衣；教士服

felt cap/氈帽

The image, half Olympian god and half kung-fu wizard, suits a man who appears to have pulled off a miracle. For such, in the permanent subtropical storm of Indian politics, is the rarity of two consecutive full parliamentary majorities. As The Economist went to press, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) looked set to boost its share of votes from 31% in 2014 to 40%, and to increase its number of seats in the Lok Sabha, or lower house of parliament. With plenty of smaller regional parties as allies, Mr Modi will enjoy another walloping majority.

這幅半神半俠的形象很適合一個(gè)似乎創(chuàng)造了奇跡的人。因此，在印度政壇持久的亞熱帶風(fēng)暴中，連續(xù)兩次獲得議會(huì)絕對(duì)多數(shù)席位實(shí)屬罕見。在本期《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》付印之際，印度人民D(BJP)似乎準(zhǔn)備將其選票份額從2014年的31%提高到40%，并增加其在下議院的席位。由于有許多較小的地區(qū)性政D作為盟友，莫迪將再次獲得壓倒性的多數(shù)席位。

詞匯

詞匯

Wizard/男巫；術(shù)士

Subtropical/亞熱帶的

Consecutive/連貫的；連續(xù)不斷的

Parliamentary/議會(huì)的；國(guó)會(huì)的；議會(huì)制度的

Walloping/極大的；極好的

There are many reasons why the BJP has again outplayed its rivals. At the top, however, is Mr Modi’s charisma. The relentless ubiquity of his face, in print, on screens and in streets, may be something that money and power can buy—and the BJP has plenty of both. What takes talent is to create a role as an ancient-yet-modern captain of an imaginary Team India, and then to play it out with unbounded conviction. In adopting an almost mythical persona, Mr Modi appears to rise heroically above his foes. He becomes a vessel for dreams, not only of national glory but also individual dignity. He involves his followers in a story that promises a happy ending.

人民D再次擊敗對(duì)手有很多原因。然而，最重要的是莫迪的魅力。無論是在報(bào)紙上，屏幕上，還是在大街上，他那無處不在的臉也許是金錢和權(quán)力都能買到的東西，而人民D兩者兼?zhèn)?。需要天賦的是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)角色，作為一個(gè)古老而又現(xiàn)代的印度隊(duì)首領(lǐng)，然后以無限的信念把它發(fā)揮出來。莫迪以近乎神話般的形象出現(xiàn)，似乎英勇地超越了他的對(duì)手。他成為夢(mèng)想的容器，不僅是國(guó)家的榮耀，也是個(gè)人的尊嚴(yán)。他讓他的追隨者們參與一個(gè)故事，這個(gè)故事承諾一個(gè)美好的結(jié)局。

詞匯

Ubiquity/普遍存在；到處存在

Dignity/尊嚴(yán)；高貴

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But with his wagging finger and gravelly snarl, Mr Modi is also a vessel for anger. In speeches over recent weeks, one count showed he spent 53% of his time attacking opponents, a further 18% talking of national security, and only the remainder touting vikas, or development—the central theme of his 2014 campaign. In the town of Gondia in the state of Maharashtra in early April, he blasted critics for questioning his decision to strike at Pakistan, following an attack in February claimed by Pakistan-based militants. “People who sit in air-conditioned offices in New Delhi claim the nation has forgotten Balakot [the site of the attack]. Have we forgotten Balakot?” In Mysore, he declared that all terrorism in India was linked to Pakistan, but the rival Congress party kept talking about “Hindu” terror. Back in Maharashtra, he asked first-time voters to dedicate their ballots to Indian martyrs. “What can be more sacred than giving your vote to the nation?” he cried. “Exercise your choice, and decide who can serve the motherland.” Then, at a rally in Uttar Pradesh, he asked the crowd if it felt good when India hit Pakistan, or tested a new satellite-killing missile.

但伴著他擺動(dòng)的手指和沙啞的咆哮，莫迪也是憤怒的載體。在最近幾周的演講中，一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，他把53%的時(shí)間花在攻擊對(duì)手上，18%的時(shí)間花在談?wù)搰?guó)家安全上，只有剩下的時(shí)間在宣傳他2014年競(jìng)選的核心主題“維卡斯”(vikas)。4月初，在馬哈拉施特拉邦貢迪亞鎮(zhèn)，他猛烈抨擊批評(píng)人士質(zhì)疑他襲擊巴基斯坦的決定。今年2月，巴基斯坦激進(jìn)分子聲稱發(fā)動(dòng)了襲擊?！白谛碌吕锟照{(diào)辦公室里的人聲稱，印度已經(jīng)忘記了巴拉科特(襲擊現(xiàn)場(chǎng))。我們忘記巴拉科特了嗎?在邁索爾，他宣稱印度所有的恐怖主義都與巴基斯坦有關(guān)，但對(duì)立的國(guó)大D一直在談?wù)摗坝《冉獭笨植乐髁x?；氐今R哈拉施特拉邦，他要求首次投票的選民把選票獻(xiàn)給印度烈士?！坝惺裁茨鼙冉o這個(gè)國(guó)家投票更神圣呢?””他哭了?！靶惺鼓愕倪x擇權(quán)，決定誰能報(bào)效祖國(guó)?！比缓?，在北方邦的一次集會(huì)上，他問在場(chǎng)的人，————————————。

詞匯

Snarl/咆哮，怒罵

Ballot/投票；投票用紙；投票總數(shù)

Martyr/烈士，殉道者；乞憐者；假圣人

Without Mr Modi, reckons Sanjay Kumar, director of CSDS/Lokniti, a Delhi think-tank, the BJP would probably have lost. Despite some successful social programmes, the Hindu nationalists’ five years in power have largely failed to live up to promises, and in fact caused widespread distress, particularly to minority groups. Polling data show that in the populous Hindi-speaking heartland, where the BJP recently lost three state assemblies to the rival Congress party, a high proportion of voters this time voted for the prime minister rather than his party.

德里智庫CSDS/Lokniti主任Sanjay Kumar認(rèn)為，如果沒有莫迪，人民D很可能會(huì)失敗。盡管一些社會(huì)項(xiàng)目取得了成功，但印度民族主義者執(zhí)政的5年基本上未能兌現(xiàn)承諾，實(shí)際上造成了普遍的痛苦，尤其是對(duì)少數(shù)群體。民意調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在人口稠密的講印地語的中心地帶，人民D最近在三個(gè)州的議會(huì)選舉中輸給了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手國(guó)大D(Congress party)，這次有很高比例的選民把票投給了總理，而不是他所在的政D。

詞匯

Reckon/測(cè)算，估計(jì)；認(rèn)為；計(jì)算

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Yet Mr Modi’s strutting, sneering nationalism remains only part of the story. His opponents aided their own defeat. As in 2014 they largely failed to form cross-party alliances, allowing the BJP to win numerous three-way races with a mere plurality of votes. Congress, the only national rival amid a sea of regional parties, vainly tried to chip away at Mr Modi’s image, and to present itself as equally Hindu, but failed to provide a compelling new narrative. Its leader, Rahul Gandhi, had in fact narrowed his popularity gap with Mr Modi from a dismaying 35 percentage points in May 2017 to just ten points a year later. But when the terror attack in February, followed by Mr Modi’s retaliatory strike, triggered a reflexive nationalist surge, the gap yawned again to 19%.

然而，莫迪趾高氣揚(yáng)、冷嘲熱諷的民族主義仍只是原因的一部分。他的對(duì)手助長(zhǎng)了他們自己的失敗。與2014年一樣，他們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬衔茨苄纬煽鏒派聯(lián)盟，這使得人民D僅以多數(shù)選票就贏得了許多三方選舉。在眾多地區(qū)性政D中，國(guó)大D是唯一的全國(guó)性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，它徒勞地試圖削弱莫迪的形象，把自己塑造成同樣信奉印度教的人，但未能提供一個(gè)令人信服的新說法。該D領(lǐng)袖拉胡爾?甘地(Rahul Gandhi)實(shí)際上已經(jīng)縮小了他與莫迪之間的支持率差距，從2017年5月令人沮喪的35個(gè)百分點(diǎn)縮小至一年后的區(qū)區(qū)10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。但當(dāng)今年2月的恐怖襲擊，以及隨后莫迪的報(bào)復(fù)性打擊，引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)反射性的民族主義浪潮時(shí)，這一差距再次擴(kuò)大至19%。

詞匯

Strutting/昂首闊步的；腫脹的；自負(fù)的

Sneering/嘲笑的；輕蔑的

Dismaying/令人震驚的；令人驚恐的

Retaliatory/報(bào)復(fù)的

The perfectly timed clash with Pakistan was hardly the BJP’s only extra advantage. Indeed Shivam Vij, an astute media commentator, suggests that given his hand of jokers it is surprising that Mr Modi did not win 100%. Not only did the BJP wield immensely more money than rivals, it has a far better-greased party machine, backed up by the street power of hundreds of Hindu-nationalist voluntary groups. Madhya Pradesh, a state just captured by Congress five months earlier, nevertheless returned a huge BJP majority to parliament, largely because it mobilised enough voters to register a ten-point surge in turnout.

與巴基斯坦發(fā)生的這場(chǎng)時(shí)機(jī)恰到好處的沖突，并非人民D唯一的額外優(yōu)勢(shì)。的確，精明的媒體評(píng)論員希瓦姆?維吉(Shivam Vij)認(rèn)為，考慮到他手中的王牌，莫迪沒有贏得100%的選票令人驚訝。人民D不僅比競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手擁有更多的資金，而且擁有一個(gè)更加完善的政D機(jī)器，由數(shù)百個(gè)印度教民族主義志愿組織的街頭權(quán)力支持。然而，5個(gè)月前剛剛被國(guó)大D占領(lǐng)的中央邦(Madhya Pradesh)，卻讓人民D獲得了議會(huì)的絕大多數(shù)席位，這在很大程度上是因?yàn)樗鼊?dòng)員了足夠多的選民，使投票率飆升了10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

詞匯

Clash/沖突，不協(xié)調(diào)

Some of Mr Modi’s crucial support might not be described as voluntary. Conveniently, government statisticians tried to bury reports of a surge in unemployment before the vote. Just as helpfully, the Indian air force refrained from spoiling Mr Modi’s martial bombast, delaying the revelation that during February’s brief dust-up with Pakistan it had shot down one of its own helicopters. At a time of rising world oil prices, meanwhile, state-owned fuel distributors kept the cost of petrol for Indian consumers artificially low (not surprisingly, they are beginning to rise). Not least, the Election Commission of India, a powerful body with seven decades of accolades for fair and efficient management of the world’s most logistically daunting democratic exercise, has in recent months issued a long series of decisions that advantaged Mr Modi. But perhaps it is not surprising that the gods get all the luck.

莫迪的一些關(guān)鍵支持可能不是自愿的。為了方便起見，政府統(tǒng)計(jì)人員試圖在投票前掩蓋失業(yè)率飆升的報(bào)道。同樣有益的是，印度空軍沒有破壞莫迪的軍事夸夸其談，推遲披露在2月份與巴基斯坦的短暫爭(zhēng)吵中，印度擊落了自己的一架直升機(jī)（哈哈哈，笑死我了:D）。與此同時(shí)，在全球油價(jià)不斷上漲之際，國(guó)有燃料分銷商人為壓低了印度消費(fèi)者的汽油成本(毫不奇怪，它們正開始上漲)。尤其重要的是，印度選舉委員會(huì)(Election Commission of India)近幾個(gè)月發(fā)布了一系列有利于莫迪的決定。這個(gè)強(qiáng)大的機(jī)構(gòu)在過去70年里因公平、高效地管理世界上最令人生畏的MZ進(jìn)程而受到贊譽(yù)。但也許并不奇怪的是，所有的運(yùn)氣都是諸神所賜。

詞匯

Statistician/ ?統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家，統(tǒng)計(jì)員

Bury/埋葬；隱藏

Refrain/節(jié)制，克制；避免；制止

Accolade/榮譽(yù)；榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)授予儀式；

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