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印度月船二號登月失敗，在著陸前失聯(lián)

The country will likely have to wait for a future mission to join the elite club of nations that have landed on the moon.

繼此次失敗后，印度只能期待在未來的任務(wù)中才能成為登月國家。

BANGALORE, India — India’s attempt to land a robotic spacecraft near the moon’s South Pole on Saturday appeared to end in failure.

周六，印度在月球南極登陸探測器的嘗試最終失敗。

The initial parts of the descent went smoothly. But less than two miles above the surface, the trajectory diverged from the planned path. The mission control room fell silent as communications from the lander were lost. A member of the staff was seen patting the back of K. Sivan, the director of India’s space program.
He later announced that the spacecraft was operating as expected until an altitude of 2.1 kilometers, or 1.3 miles. “The data is being analyzed,” he said.

探測器下降剛開始很順利，但在距離地面不到兩英里的地方，軌跡偏離了計劃的路徑。 當與著陸器的通訊丟失時，任務(wù)控制中心一片沉默。 一名工作人員正在安慰著主任K. Sivan. 后來他宣布，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)分析，該航天器按預(yù)期運行，直到距離地面2.1公里的地方失去聯(lián)系。

Chandrayaan-2 launched in July, taking a long, fuel-efficient path to the moon. Earlier this week, the 3,200-pound lander, named Vikram after Vikram A. Sarabhai, the father of the Indian space program, separated from the orbiter and maneuvered toward the moon’s surface.

月船二號于今年七月發(fā)射，采用了長途，省油的登月路徑， 本周早些時候， 這艘3200磅以印度太空計劃之父 Vikram A. Sarabhai命名的太空船，與軌道飛行器分離，并轉(zhuǎn)向月球準備著陸。

Fifteen minutes before the planned landing, the Vikram lander was traveling at more than 2,000 miles per hour at an altitude of about 20 miles. Four of its engines fired to quickly slow it down as it headed toward its landing site on a high, flat plain near the South Pole. Later in the landing process, it appeared that Vikram was descending too fast and then data from the spacecraft ended.

在計劃著陸前15分鐘， Vikram著陸器以每小時2000英里的速度飛行， 高度約為20英里， 在南極附近的一個平坦的高原上，在飛向著陸點的同時，它的四個發(fā)動機迅速點火并將飛行器的速度降下來。
在之后的著陸過程中，Vikram的降落速度似乎過快，然后通過飛船發(fā)回來的數(shù)據(jù)突然消失。

The moon is littered with the remains of spacecraft that have tried and failed to land in one piece. Two American craft, from the robotic Surveyor series that helped blaze the trail for Apollo, crashed in the 1960s. Several probes from the Soviet Luna program also collided with the moon’s surface.

月球上到處都是探測器的殘骸，這些飛船都未能完整著陸。 20世紀60年代美國墜毀的兩個探測器，為后來的阿波羅任務(wù)鋪平了道路。前蘇聯(lián)的幾個探測器也與月球相撞。

Silence fell on the control room of the Indian Space Research Organization in Bangalore as communications from the Vikram lander of the Chandrayaan-2 moon mission were lost.CreditJagadeesh Nv/EPA, via Shutterstock

(在班加羅爾ISRO 的飛行控制中心一片安靜）

The makers of Beresheet and Chandrayaan-2 both noted the low cost of their missions — $100 million to $150 million, which is much cheaper than those typically launched by NASA and the European Space Agency. NASA is currently trying to tap into entrepreneurial innovation for upcoming robotic moon missions; the first of these low-cost trips is scheduled to launch in 2021.

Beresheet和月船二號的制造商都知道他們的任務(wù)成本很低，只有1億到1.5億美元，這比美國宇航局和歐洲航天局通常發(fā)射的要便宜得多。美國宇航局目前正試圖利用企業(yè)創(chuàng)新，來推動即將到來的機器人月球任務(wù)。 這些低成本的任務(wù)將會在2021年發(fā)射。

The outcomes of the Indian and Israeli missions highlight that lower costs can mean higher risk of failure, which NASA will need to adjust to as it pursues a lower-cost approach.

印度和以色列的結(jié)果說明了低成本意味著更高的失敗風(fēng)險，美國航空航天局在追求低成本方法時需要適應(yīng)這種風(fēng)險。

“At this point, it is a partial failure,” he said. “We will push until the end.”
While the mission may briefly soften the muscular nationalism espoused by Mr. Modi, whose government is already facing challenges from job losses and international criticism of his recent moves in the disputed territory of Kashmir, the prime minister tried to refrx Saturday’s landing attempt as an opportunity for improvement in brief remarks after contact was lost.
Hours later and back at the space center in Bangalore, the prime minister greeted the scientists, engineers and staff of the space agency after delivering a motivational speech that was broadcast nationally in India. He stopped short of stating explicitly that the lander had failed.
“We came very close, but we will need to cover more ground in the times to come,” he said.

“在現(xiàn)在，是一個部分失敗，”他說道。 “我們將會堅持到最后”。
該任務(wù)可能會短暫地軟化莫迪所支持的強硬民族主義。 印度政府已經(jīng)面臨失業(yè)挑戰(zhàn)，最近有關(guān)他在爭議地區(qū)克什米爾的行動也給印度帶來國際社會的批評。 在通訊失聯(lián)后，莫迪總理作出了簡短的評論以重新定義著陸的嘗試。

Hundreds of millions of Indians still live deep in poverty; India’s philosophy is that space development can be used for human development. Its satellites help predict storms and save countless lives by sending out early warnings. And it hopes future business opportunities in space will create more work that lifts up more Indians.
While the landing may have failed, India could try for the moon again. And it also plans to build future robotic explorers headed for Venus, Mars and the sun. In the next decade, it intends to send Indian astronauts into Earth orbit aboard its own spacecraft for the first time.

數(shù)億印度人仍然生活在貧困之中，印度的哲學(xué)是，太空發(fā)展可以被用于人類發(fā)展。它們的衛(wèi)星幫助風(fēng)暴預(yù)測，提前預(yù)測風(fēng)險拯救了無數(shù)的生命。而且，它們希望未來太空商業(yè)能夠創(chuàng)造更多的工作崗位激勵更多的印度人。著陸可能失敗了，印度還可以再一次嘗試。它們還計劃在未來制造探測器飛翔水星，火星和太陽。在下個十年，他們有意讓印度宇航員搭乘印度研發(fā)的飛船到地球的軌道。

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MC
Judging by the jingoism and chest thumping involved, this mission seemed to be more geared to satisfying the egos of the current political class and to vent nationalistic pride than any real scientific quest. The only goal that seemed to matter was to become "4th nation in the world" to land a rover.. and the ensuing bragging rights involved.. Contrast this with the Apollo 11 mission, which carried a plaque which read "We come in peace for all mankind..." As remarkable as the feat until the point of failure was, the entire tone of the message was off-putting.

這涉及的沙文主義和猛拍胸口的情況來看，這項任務(wù)似乎更適合滿足當前政治階層的自負心理，并發(fā)泄民族自豪感，而不是出于任何真正的科學(xué)探索。唯一至關(guān)重要的目標是“成為世界第四個能成功讓探測器登陸月球的國家”。還有隨之而來的吹噓的資本。與帶著“我們?yōu)榱巳祟惖暮推蕉鴣怼迸曝业陌⒉_十一號相比。 就像一個壯舉一樣的開頭，直到失敗那一刻，信息的整個基調(diào)令人感到反感。

Hugues
To the naysayers telling India to focus on fighting poverty rather than flying spacecrafts, in 1968 when Apollo 11 landed on the Moon, the USA was at war in Vietnam and in the midst of a huge civil rights movement. It would have been fair to say that the USA should have focused on peace instead of their dangerous, useless undertaking. This is not how the USA works and this is not how India works either.
Kudos India, you will succeed soon and show the world !

1968年，當阿波羅11登陸月球時，美國在越南開戰(zhàn)，并在一場巨大的民權(quán)運動中，向反對者講述印度專注于消除貧困而不是飛行宇宙飛船。 可以公平地說，美國應(yīng)該把重點放在和平而不是危險，無用的事業(yè)上。 這不是美國的做事方式，也不是印度的做事方式。
印度萬歲，你很快就會成功并向世界展示！

Patrick McCord
So sad. Sorry India. What this shows is how amazing America is. Its just a fact. We should all be amazed that we could do this 50 years ago. Why? Because capitalism is the very best environment for innovation and achievement. It allows freedom for people to pursue and achieve excellence as God has endowed us.

好難過。 對不起印度。 這表明美國是多么厲害。 這只是一個事實。 我們都應(yīng)該感到驚訝，我們可以在50年前做到這一點。 為什么？ 因為資本主義是創(chuàng)新和成就的最佳環(huán)境。 它允許人們自由追求并實現(xiàn)上帝賦予我們的卓越。

Marshall
India disgusts me...with all the basic problems this society has, it wastes all these resources on this. Not to mention its nuclear weapon program. A society that has open defecation for over 500 million people (just imagine that) has no business with space games-not to mention the problems with fresh water, air pollution, and the more intractable ones of caste systems and religion. If I were an Indian I'd cry about the foolishness of the people running the country.

印度令我作嘔，由于這個社會存在很多基本問題， 它在這方面浪費了所有這些資源。 更不用說它的核武器計劃了。 一個為超過5億人開放式排便的社會（想象一下）與太空游戲沒有任何關(guān)系 - 更不用說淡水，空氣污染以及種姓制度和宗教中更棘手的問題。 如果我是印度人，我會為這個國家的人民的愚蠢而哭泣。

Freesoul
While Tens of millions of college educated Indian youth are unemployed and almost 30 million workers have been laid off in recent years, India's right wing Hindu supremacist leadership continues on the path of chest thumping and jingoism and wasting time, money resources on such misadventures to divert the attention of masses from its abject failure on all fronts. The former Prime Minister Dr Singh, the architect of India's economic revolution last week warned that country is already in recession and Modi's policies are inflicting grave damage on masses. Prominent world economists have already accused India of fudging employment and GDP numbers which have come down in reality to almost 3% from 7-8% during 5 years of Modi regime.

雖然近幾年有數(shù)百萬受過大學(xué)教育的印度青年失業(yè)，近三千萬工人被解雇，但印度右翼的印度教至上主義領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人繼續(xù)走上拍胸膛和沙文主義的道路，浪費時間，浪費時間，金錢資源轉(zhuǎn)移到這樣的不幸事件上 群眾對各方面的嚴重失敗的關(guān)注。 印度經(jīng)濟革命的前任總理辛格博士上周警告說，該國已陷入衰退，莫迪的政策正在對群眾造成嚴重破壞。 著名的世界經(jīng)濟學(xué)家已經(jīng)指責印度勉強就業(yè)和國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值數(shù)據(jù)在莫迪政權(quán)的5年間實際上從7-8％降至近3％。

Bhaskar
Apparently, the only country that succeeded in its first attempt is China. It is unprecedented. No one else can match that. China did it, not with superior technology or talent, but by censoring its failures and announcing only after it met with success. But I prefer India's democratic willingness to share its failure with the world and try again another day.

顯然，唯一成功首次嘗試的國家是中國。
這是前所未有的。 沒人能比得上。
中國做到了，不是憑借出色的技術(shù)或人才，而是
通過禁播失敗，并只在成功之后宣布。
但我更喜歡印度的民主意愿，與世界分享其失敗，并在另一天再次嘗試

Tysons2019
If hundreds of millions of Indians are still living in poverty, why leaders in India still wanted to do this? They wanted to compete with China? They still remember the humiliated defeat of the border war with China in 1962? China is a country controlled by dictators. India is a democratic nation and the leaders should think about the people's livelihood first. Modi should compete with the U.S. not with China. There are millions of India people moved to the U.S. in recent years. Why?

如果數(shù)億印度人仍然生活在貧困中，為什么印度領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人仍然希望做這件事呢？ 他們想與中國競爭？ 他們還記得1962年與中國的邊境戰(zhàn)爭的恥辱失敗嗎？ 中國是一個由毒菜者控制的國家。 印度是一個民主國家，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)首先考慮民生。 莫迪應(yīng)該與美國競爭而不是與中國競爭。 近年來，有數(shù)百萬印度人移居美國。 為什么？

Freak：
The more impressive feat, evidently one they can’t have, would be to build some trains so people there are not crammed into trains like cattle. How about starting with the basics? What they’re doing is like the poor man who has no food, but has a Rolex watch.

建造一些火車顯然是他們不能擁有的壯舉， 從基礎(chǔ)開始怎么樣？ 這樣那里的人不會像牛一樣擠在火車上。他們所做的就像那個沒有食物，但有勞力士手表的窮人。

Branagh
Sad indeed but it denies Modi another opportunity for ultra-nationalist gloating. I'd cheer more if he removed his stormtroopers from Kashmir. His actions have raised the risk of a nuclear exchange between India and Pakistan.

確實令人悲傷，但它熄滅了莫迪沾沾自喜的極端民族主義的機會。 如果他從克什米爾撤走他的沖鋒隊，我會更加歡呼。 他的行為增加了印度和巴基斯坦之間核攻擊交換的風(fēng)險。