路怒癥

開車有時(shí)會讓人緊張，尤其是遇到蠻不講理、不守規(guī)則的司機(jī)時(shí)，可能會讓人情緒失控，甚至大發(fā)雷霆。強(qiáng)行超車、跟車過近、言語粗魯……你遇到過魯莽的駕駛行為嗎？造成司機(jī)之間大動肝火的主要原因有哪些？

詞匯：road rage 路怒 [re?d?]

• We all know driving can be stressful. One minute you’re minding your own business and the next someone?cuts you up.?Manoeuvres?like that can be annoying and irritating, but for some of us, it can make us?incandescent?with rage. So what is road rage, and what things can cause it?

  我們都知道開車會有壓力。前一分鐘你還在忙自己的事下一分鐘就有人把你剁了。這樣的行為可能會讓人惱火，但對我們中的一些人來說，它會讓我們憤怒到白熾。那么，什么是路怒癥，什么因素會導(dǎo)致它呢?

  ??cut someone up 超車搶到某人前面; manoeuvre [m??nu?v?(r)] 開車動作; irritate [??r?te?t] v. 使不耐煩，激怒；刺激; incandescent with rage 大發(fā)雷霆，怒不可遏; incandescent [??nk?n?desnt] adj. 輝耀的；熾熱的；發(fā)白熱光的; rage [re?d?] n. 盛怒，狂怒；粗暴的舉動，憤怒的行為；

• Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that?motorists?experience when they feel angered by something another driver, cyclist or pedestrian has done. Road rage can?manifest?itself in several ways, including verbal or physical threats, insults, and even?dangerous driving. The drivers themselves may feel anxiety and stress, which can cause them to?speed?or?swerve?across the road. Experts like Leon James, a professor of traffic psychology at the University of Hawaii, US, warn that experiencing these moments, especially repeatedly, could be harmful to our health due to the number of stress hormones entering our bodies.

  簡單地說，“路怒癥”指的是司機(jī)因其他司機(jī)、騎自行車的人或行人的行為而感到憤怒時(shí)突然爆發(fā)的憤怒。路怒癥可以通過多種方式表現(xiàn)出來，包括口頭或身體威脅、侮辱，甚至危險(xiǎn)駕駛。司機(jī)自己可能會感到焦慮和壓力，這可能會導(dǎo)致他們加速或轉(zhuǎn)向過馬路。像美國夏威夷大學(xué)交通心理學(xué)教授萊昂·詹姆斯這樣的專家警告說，由于進(jìn)入我們身體的應(yīng)激激素?cái)?shù)量眾多，反復(fù)經(jīng)歷這樣的時(shí)刻可能會對我們的健康有害。

  ??motorist 開車的人，司機(jī); manifest 顯現(xiàn), 顯示，表明；（鬼魂或神靈）顯靈，出現(xiàn)；（病癥）顯現(xiàn)；把……列入貨單; insult [?n?s?lt] n.|v.侮辱，冒犯；dangerous driving 危險(xiǎn)駕駛; anxiety [???za??ti] n. 焦慮，憂慮; speed （開車）超速; swerve [sw??v]（開車）急轉(zhuǎn)彎; stress hormone [?h??m??n] 應(yīng)激激素, 壓力荷爾蒙;

• So, what can cause us to experience road rage? Being?tailgated,?undertaken?on a busy?motorway, seeing someone?swooping?across several?lanes, chatting on their phone, or?hogging?the middle lane in front of us are just some of the things that may stress us. And what about?parking? Someone stealing the?space?we wanted at the last second could?tip us over the edge! Being aware of what can?trigger?these feelings of rage may be key to controlling it.

  那么，是什么導(dǎo)致了我們的路怒癥呢？在繁忙的高速公路上被人跟車太近、強(qiáng)行超車，看到有人突然穿過幾個(gè)車道，打電話聊天，或者霸占我們前面的中間車道，這些都是可能會讓我們感到壓力的事情。那停車呢？如果有人在最后一刻偷走了我們想要的車位，我們就會崩潰!意識到什么可以觸發(fā)這些憤怒的感覺可能是控制它的關(guān)鍵。

  ??tailgate 緊隨（前車）行駛，跟車太近; undertake 強(qiáng)行超車; motorway 高速公路; swoop 猛地開過; lane 車道; hogging 占路; parking 停車，駐車; space 車位; tip someone over the edge 把某人逼瘋; trigger 觸發(fā)，誘發(fā);

• So what can we do to keep relaxed? Try driving in a good mood, and if you see a?traffic jam, just remember that they can’t be avoided. And try leaving a little earlier in future. Also, if you see someone who is really angry, try not to maintain eye contact, and don’t get out of the car to?confront?them. And if you feel stressed and anxious, try?pulling over somewhere and resting while you calm down.

  那么我們能做些什么來保持放松呢？試著在好心情下開車，如果你看到交通堵塞，記住它們是無法避免的。以后再試著早點(diǎn)離開。另外，如果你看到某人真的很生氣，盡量不要和他有眼神接觸，也不要下車去和他對質(zhì)。如果你感到壓力和焦慮，試著把車停在某個(gè)地方，讓自己平靜下來。

  ??traffic jam 交通堵塞; confront 與…當(dāng)面對質(zhì); anxious [???k??s] adj. 焦慮的，擔(dān)心的; pull over 停車;

• So the next time you feel stressed while driving, just remember road rage can happen to anyone – and relaxing a bit when you feel that way may not just make it safer for you, but for others too.

  所以，下次當(dāng)你在開車時(shí)感到有壓力時(shí)，請記住，任何人都可能發(fā)生路怒癥——當(dāng)你感到這種情況時(shí)稍微放松一下，可能不僅會讓你更安全，也會讓別人更安全。

  ?

詞匯表

cut someone up 超車搶到某人前面

manoeuvre 開車動作

incandescent with rage 大發(fā)雷霆，怒不可遏

motorist 開車的人，司機(jī)

manifest 顯現(xiàn)

dangerous driving 危險(xiǎn)駕駛

speed （開車）超速

swerve （開車）急轉(zhuǎn)彎

tailgate 緊隨（前車）行駛，跟車太近

undertake 強(qiáng)行超車

motorway 高速公路

swoop 猛地開過

lane 車道

hogging 占路

parking 停車，駐車

space 車位

tip someone over the edge 把某人逼瘋

trigger 觸發(fā)，誘發(fā)

traffic jam 交通堵塞

confront 與…當(dāng)面對質(zhì)

pull over 停車

測驗(yàn)與練習(xí)

1.??閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. What is road rage?

2. How can road rage manifest itself?

3. Why can road rage be harmful to our bodies?

4. What can cause road rage?

5. What can we do to avoid road rage?

2.??選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. One more question and it might tip her _______ the edge.

over? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?up? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?on? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? off

1. Reduce your speed and stop _______ the car in front.

hogging? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? incandescent? ? ? ? ? ? ?tailgating? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? swerving

1. He was cautioned for _______ on the road.

speeding? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? motorist? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? motorway? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?space

1. Oh, no! There’s a traffic _______. I’ll never get to work on time now!

plan? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ham? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? spam? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? jam

1. Stop _______ the middle lane if you’re going to drive that slowly!

lane? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? speeding? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? hogging? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? swooping

答案

1.??閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. What is road rage?Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that motorists experience when they feel angered by something another driver, cyclist or pedestrian has done.

2. How can road rage manifest itself?Road rage can manifest itself in several ways, including verbal or physical threats, insults, and even dangerous driving.

3. Why can road rage be harmful to our bodies?Experiencing these stressful moments, especially repeatedly, could be harmful to our health due to the number of stress hormones entering our bodies.

4. What can cause road rage?Being tailgated, undertaken on a busy motorway, seeing someone swooping across several lanes, chatting on their phone, or hogging the middle lane in front of us are just some of the things that may stress us.

5. What can we do to avoid road rage?There are several things we can do involving remembering problems are inevitable, relaxing when we feel stressed and avoiding conflict.

2.??選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. One more question and it might tip her?over?the edge.

2. Reduce your speed and stop?tailgating?the car in front.

3. He was cautioned for?speeding?on the road.

4. Oh, no! There’s a traffic?jam. I’ll never get to work on time now!

5. Stop?hogging?the middle lane if you’re going to drive that slowly!