路由與交換技術(shù)
路由器靜態(tài)路由配置
一、?實驗?zāi)康?/p>
1. 理解路由表
2. 掌握靜態(tài)路由的配置
二、?應(yīng)用環(huán)境
1. 在小規(guī)模環(huán)境里，靜態(tài)路由是最佳的選擇
2. 靜態(tài)路由開銷小，但不靈活，適用于相對穩(wěn)定的網(wǎng)絡(luò)
三、?實驗設(shè)備
1. DCR-1751 三臺
2. CR-V35FC 一條
3. CR-V35MT 一條
四、?實驗拓?fù)?/p>
?
? ??
五、?實驗要求
配置表
六、?實驗步驟
第一步：添加相對應(yīng)的模塊:NM-4A/S參照實驗三，按照上表配置所有接口的IP 地址，保證所有接口全部是up 狀態(tài)，測試連通性。
Router-A配置：
Router>enable
Router#config
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. ?End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname Router-A????????????????//設(shè)置路由器名稱
Router-A(config)#interface f0/0
Router-A(config-if)#ip address?192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Router-A(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-A(config-if)#exit
Router-A(config)#interface s1/1
Router-A(config-if)#ip address?192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router-A(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-A(config-if)#clock rate?64000 ????????????//在DCE端設(shè)置時鐘頻率為64000
Router-A(config-if)#exit
Router-A(config)#exit
Router-A#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-A#
Router-B配置：
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Router-B
Router-B(config)#interface s1/0
Router-B(config-if)#ip address?192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router-B(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-B(config-if)#exit
Router-B(config)#interface f0/0
Router-B(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router-B(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-B(config-if)#exit
Router-B(config)#exit
Router-B#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-B#
Router-C配置：
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Router-C
Router-C(config)#interface f0/0
Router-C(config-if)#ip address?192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router-C(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-C(config-if)#exit
Router-C(config)#interface f0/1
Router-C(config-if)#ip address?192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router-C(config-if)#no shutdown
Router-C(config-if)#exit
Router-C(config)#exit
Router-C#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router-C#
第二步：查看ROUTER-A 的路由表
Router-A#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
C ???192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C ???192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
Router-A#
第三步：查看ROUTER-B 的路由表
Router-B#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
C ???192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C ???192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Router-B#
第四步：查看ROUTER-C 的路由表
?
?
Router-C#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
C ???192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C ???192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Router-C#
第五步：在ROUTER-A 上PING 路由器C
Router-A#ping 192.168.2.2
?
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....????????????????//ping 不通
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
第六步：在路由器A 上配置靜態(tài)路由
Router-A(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2??//配置目標(biāo)網(wǎng)段和下一跳
Router-A(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2??//配置目標(biāo)網(wǎng)段和下一跳
第七步：查看Router-A的路由表
Router-A#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
C ???192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C ???192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
S ???192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2??????????????//注意靜態(tài)路由的管理距離是1
S ???192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
Router-A#
第八步：配置路由器B 的靜態(tài)路由并查看路由表
?
?
Router-B(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router-B(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
Router-B(config)#exit
Router-B#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
S ???192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
C ???192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C ???192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S ???192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
Router-B#
第九步：配置路由器C 的靜態(tài)路由并查看路由表
Router-C(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
Router-C(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
Router-C(config)#exit
Router-C#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
???????D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
???????N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
???????E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
???????i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
???????* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
???????P - periodic downloaded static route
?
Gateway of last resort is not set
?
S ???192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
S ???192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C ???192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C ???192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Router-C#
?
第十步：測試
//路由器A ??ping ????路由器C要能通
Router-A#ping 192.168.3.1
?
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/59/63 ms
?
Router-A#
//路由器C ??ping ????路由器A要能通
?
Router-C#ping 192.168.0.1
?
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms
?
Router-C#
最后用計算機(jī)PC1 ?ping ?PC2看結(jié)果是否能通？
