正文翻譯
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.com 翻譯：夢露西 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Why women are more prone to serious complications from drinking alcohol

為什么在喝酒后女性比男性更容易感到不舒服

While it’s no surprise that heavy drinking comes with health consequences, women in particular are more prone to serious complications from alcohol — including an increased risk of alcohol-related death, according to a new study.

我們都知道在過度飲酒后，我們的健康會受到影響。根據(jù)一項新研究得出的結(jié)論：女性尤其更容易在喝酒后感到不舒服，甚至在嚴重的情況下會導(dǎo)致死亡。

The study, published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, looked at the death certificates of Americans 16 and older from 1999 to 2017. The researchers found that not only were there nearly 1 million alcohol-related deaths in that time period, but that the number of alcohol-related deaths per year of people 16 and older doubled (from 35,914 to 72,558 deaths per year).

這份研究被發(fā)表在《酒精中毒的臨床與實驗研究》這本雜志上。研究是通過查閱從1999年到2017年的美國16歲以上的人的死亡證明書來進行的。研究人員不僅發(fā)現(xiàn)在這段歷史時期中因為喝酒而死亡的人的人數(shù)達到了將近100萬，而且發(fā)現(xiàn)每年由于喝酒而死亡的16歲以上的人的人數(shù)到最后翻了一倍。（從1999年的35914人到2017年的72558人。）

Women in particular are being affected: The researchers found that the largest annual increase of alcohol-related deaths occurred among non-Hispanic white women.

女性尤其容易受到酒精的影響：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)那些每年人數(shù)增長的飲酒致死的人當中，母語非西班牙語的白人女性占了大部分。

Excessive alcohol use can lead to several health issues over time — and women are particularly affected. “The risk of cirrhosis and other alcohol-related liver diseases is higher for women than for men,” according to the CDC. Drinking too much alcohol can also affect the brain, causing shrinkage and memory loss. According to the CDC, “research suggests that women are more vulnerable than men to the brain damaging effects of excessive alcohol use, and the damage tends to appear with shorter periods of excessive drinking for women than for men.”

過度飲酒會導(dǎo)致各種健康問題，女性更容易因為酒精而導(dǎo)致健康狀況受損。疾病預(yù)防控制中心表示：“女性因為飲酒而患上肝硬化以及其它因為飲酒而導(dǎo)致的肝病的風險比男性高?！边^度飲酒還會損害人的大腦功能，引發(fā)腦萎縮和記憶力衰退。該中心還表示：“研究顯示女性比男性更容易因為過度飲酒而損害自身的大腦功能。這些損害通常發(fā)生在短時期內(nèi)過度飲酒的情況下，女性的大腦比男性的更容易在這種情況下受到損害?！?br/>
Heavy drinking also impacts heart health. The CDC states that studies show women who drink excessively have a higher risk of damaging the heart muscle than men, “even for women drinking at lower levels.”

酗酒也會對心臟的健康造成負面影響。疾病預(yù)防控制中心方面稱：研究顯示酗酒的女性的心臟肌肉比酗酒的男性的心臟肌肉更容易受到損害。就算女性喝得相對少一些，女性的心肌也比男性的要脆弱得多。

Why alcohol affects women more than men

為什么酒精對女性造成的影響比對男性造成的影響要更大呢？

Humphreys explains that, while the precise physiology is not well understood, one of the reasons why alcohol has a more profound effect on women is because, on average, they weigh less than men. According to the NIAAA: “Alcohol resides predominantly in body water, and pound for pound, women have less water in their bodies than men. This means that after a woman and a man of the same weight drink the same amount of alcohol, the woman’s blood alcohol concentration… will tend to be higher, putting her at greater risk for harm.”

哈姆弗雷斯解釋說：現(xiàn)在還無法給出生理學(xué)上的準確解釋，或許其中一個原因在于女性的體重比男性的輕。根據(jù)酗酒和酒中毒研究中心的說法，酒精主要被人體中所含的水分均等吸收，而女性身體的含水量比男性身體的含水量要少。這就意味著體重相同的一名女性和一名男性如果各自喝下等量的酒，女性血液中的酒精濃度通常會比男性血液中的酒精濃度要高，所以女性比男性更容易因為喝酒而身體健康受損。

But it’s not just about size. Research shows that women also have fewer alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes, which help the body metabolize alcohol.?

但影響因素不僅僅只有男女身體結(jié)構(gòu)的差異。研究顯示女性身體中的醇脫氫酶比男性的要少。這種醇脫氫酶能夠幫助人體代謝掉酒精。

“Next time you go to a bar or a liquor store, keep the risks of alcohol in mind,” noted the National Center for Health Research. “All women — regardless of size — need to remember that less alcohol could affect you more severely than it would a man.”

國家衛(wèi)生研究中心指出：“下一次當你去一個酒吧或者一個酒類商店的時候，請你一定要記住飲酒的危害。所有的女性，不管你們的身材如何，你們需要記住的是：即便你們喝的酒比男性少，但飲酒對你們的身體造成的危害比對男性們的身體所造成的損害更嚴重?！?br/>

評論翻譯
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.ltaaa.com 翻譯：夢露西 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

I hear kitchens are very safe.

我聽說廚房是非常安全的地方。

“Women should not drink alcohol” as stated on the surgeon general warning sticker on the side of most alcoholic beverages. “While Pregnant” is a suggestion?..

美國衛(wèi)生部長曾經(jīng)對嗜酒的女性發(fā)出警告，他說：“女性不應(yīng)該喝酒?！?br/>
I don''t EVER remember reading an article that talked about something negative that disproportionately affects men. Is it possible for a woman to write about something besides women''s issues??

我從未讀到過一篇文章是在論述“某樣?xùn)|西或者某件事會對男性造成嚴重的負面影響”的。這篇談?wù)撆栽掝}的文章會不會有可能是一位女性寫出來的呢？?