插入語用法歸納

插入語用法很多,在句子中的位置比較靈活,在學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)當(dāng)認真去體會。大體而言,插入語可以分為以下幾類:? ?

1. 用簡短的句子結(jié)構(gòu)作插入語。這類短語有:I think, I hope, I guess, I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tell you, I say, I'm afraid, I'm sure, you see, you know, as you know, that is, that is to say, what's more等等,它們可以置于句中或句尾。如:? ? I suggest you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly.? ? This diet, I think, will do good to your health.? ? It won't be raining long, I hope.? ? You will have to work harder, you know, if you want to succeed.? ?

2. 副詞或副詞短語用作插入語,這類插入語一般放在句首或句尾。如:? ? Happily for him, his father's second wife was kind to him too.? ? You'll be able to pass the coming exam, surely.? ? Luckily for him, he didn't hurt in the accident.? ? Honestly, I don't need it at the moment.??

? 3. 介詞或介詞短語作插入語,這類插入語一般放在句首,有時也可放在句中。如:? ? Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in other words, I'm an only child.? ? By the way, Bob sends his best wishes.? ? On the other hand, I didn't know you were there.? ? In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.??

? 4. 分詞短語作插入語。如:? ? Judging from your accent, you must be from England.? ? Generally speaking, he is the best student in our class.? ? Compared with China, the USA is smaller.? ?

5. 不定式短語作插入語。如:? ? To put it mildly, he was not up to the mark.? ? To tell you the truth, I don't want to see her.? ? To be sure, Jim is a faster skater, but he is not good at doing figures.? ? To conclude, it was a great success.

在日常交際用語和書面表達中，插入語頻頻出現(xiàn)。英語中的插入語（Parenthesis）是插在句子中的一個詞，短語或從句，通常被逗號、破折號或句子的其他部分隔開，它與句子的其他部分之間沒有語法上的關(guān)系，因此，有的語法學(xué)家將其歸為獨立成分。? ?插入語在句中通常是對一句話的一些附加解釋，說明或總結(jié)；有時表示說話者的態(tài)度和看法；有時起強調(diào)的作用；有時是為了引起對方的注意；還可以起轉(zhuǎn)移話題或說明事由的作用；也可以承上啟下，使句子與前面的語句銜接的更緊密一些。? ??

插入語大致可分為以下10種類型：??

1. 形容詞或形容詞短語作插入語? ? 如：worst still, sure enough, strange, most important of all等。? ? Strange, there is nobody in the classroom. 很奇怪，教室里沒人。

? 2. 副詞或副詞短語作插入語? ? 如：personally, honestly, fortunately, luckily, for us, though, besides, exactly, surely, frankly, still otherwise 等。Luckily for you, I happen to have the key.? 你很運氣，我正好帶了鑰匙。?

3. 介詞短語作插入語? ? 如：of course, in short, as a matter of fact, by the way, on the other hand, in my opinion, in conclusion等。? ? In short, we should not stop halfway.? ? ?簡言之，我們不能半途而廢。? ? As a result, they suffered heavy losses.? ? ?結(jié)果，他們受到了嚴重損失。? ? On the contrary, we should strengthen our ties with them.? ? ?相反，我們還應(yīng)加強和他們的聯(lián)系。

? 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語? ? 如：generally speaking, judging from/ by …, talking of…, considering…等。? ? Considering his age, he did very well.? ? ?從年齡考慮，他干得挺不錯。? ? Frankly speaking, I don’t like the job.? ? ?坦率地說，我不喜歡這份工作。? ? Talking of singing, will you go to the concert with me tonight?? ? ?說到唱歌，你今晚愿意和我一塊去音樂會嗎？? 5. 過去分詞短語作插入語? ? Painted white, we like the house better.? ? ?漆成白色，我們更喜歡這房子。? ? 注意：之所以稱它為插入語，是由于這種過去分詞是獨立的，沒有邏輯主語。?

6. 動詞不定式? ? 如：to be sure, to be frank（坦率地說），to tell you the truth（說實話），so to speak （可以說）等。? ? To be frank, I don’t quite agree with you.? ? ?坦率地說，我不太同意你的意見。? ? That’s a wonderful idea, to be sure.? ? ?這個主意好極了，的確。? ? To tell you the truth, I am not very interested in going to the show.? ? ?說實在的，我不太想去看演出。??

7. 代詞詞組? ? 如：all the same（盡管如此），all told（總共），all in all（總的來說）等。? ? His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told.? ? ?他的船員減少到總共二十四人。? ? All in all, her condition is greatly improved.? ? ?總的來說，她的情況有很大好轉(zhuǎn)。?

8. 從句? ? 如：if so / not / any, if I may say so, if you don’t mind, as you know, as you say 等。? ? If I may say so, we know nothing about it.? ? ?正如我所說的，我們對它一無所知。? ? This man, as you know, is good for nothing.? ? ?正如你所說的，這個人是個廢物。

? 9. 句子? ?如：I say /hear, I think /hope / believe, you know / see, what’s more, that is （to say）, I’m afraid, do you think / suppose等。? ? It’s a great mistake, I think, not to accept their proposal.? ? ?我看，不接受他們的建議是個大錯誤。? ? The temple disappeared, no one remembers when.? ? ?誰也不記得什么時候這座廟就沒有了。? ? The old man, it is said, was an artist but people hardly know anything about this side of his life.? ? ?據(jù)說，這位老人曾是個藝術(shù)家，可是人們對他這方面的生活幾乎一無所知。?

10. 用標點符號引導(dǎo)插入語? ? 如：He was （strange as it seems）an excellent sportsman.? ? ?他（盡管還顯得令人不解）是個出色的運動員。? ? He was －to me at least, if not to you－a figure that was worth having pity on. 至少我覺得如此，即使你不這樣認為，他是一個值得同情的人。