Apache的壓縮與緩存-----網(wǎng)頁優(yōu)化
一、Apache網(wǎng)頁的壓縮定義：對apache服務(wù)器發(fā)布的網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容進行壓縮后再發(fā)送到客戶端的瀏覽器。減少了網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸用時，也加快了網(wǎng)頁加載的速度。?
mod_gzip?模塊與mod_deflate?模塊1.兩者均使用gzip壓縮算法，運作原理類似?
2.mod_deflate?壓縮速度略快，而mod_gzip?的壓縮比略高?
3.mod_gzip?對服務(wù)器CPU的占用要高- -些?
4.高流量的服務(wù)器，使用mod_deflate?可能會比mod_gzip?加載速?
度更快?
實驗走起1、代碼步驟如下：[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /aaa[root@localhost ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.10.12/rpm /aaaPassword for root@//192.168.10.12/rpm: ?[root@localhost ~]# cd /aaa[root@localhost aaa]# lsLAMP[root@localhost aaa]# cd LAMP/[root@localhost LAMP]# lsapr-1.6.2.tar.gz ?????????????????error.pngapr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz ????????????ha.jpgawstats-7.6.tar.gz ???????????????httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2cronolog-1.6.2-14.el7.x86_64.rpm ?mysql-5.6.26.tar.gzDiscuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip ??????????php-5.6.11.tar.bz2[root@localhost LAMP]# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2 -C /opt[root@localhost LAMP]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.2.tar.gz -C /opt/[root@localhost LAMP]# tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt[root@localhost LAMP]# cd /opt/[root@localhost opt]# lsapr-1.6.2 ?apr-util-1.6.0 ?httpd-2.4.29 ?rh[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-1.6.2/ httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-util-1.6.0/ httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr-util[root@localhost opt]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel expat-devel -y[root@localhost opt]# cd httpd-2.4.29/[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# lsABOUT_APACHE ????CMakeLists.txt ?INSTALL ????????NWGNUmakefileacinclude.m4 ????config.layout ??InstallBin.dsp ?osApache-apr2.dsw ?configure ??????LAYOUT ?????????READMEApache.dsw ??????configure.in ???libhttpd.dep ???README.cmakeapache_probes.d ?docs ???????????libhttpd.dsp ???README.platformsap.d ????????????emacs-style ????libhttpd.mak ???ROADMAPbuild ???????????httpd.dep ??????LICENSE ????????serverBuildAll.dsp ????httpd.dsp ??????Makefile.in ????srclibBuildBin.dsp ????httpd.mak ??????Makefile.win ???supportbuildconf ???????httpd.spec ?????modules ????????testCHANGES ?????????include ????????NOTICE ?????????VERSIONING[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-charset-lite --enable-cgi[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# make[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# make install[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# cd /usr/local/httpd/[root@localhost httpd]# lsbin ???cgi-bin ?error ??icons ???lib ??man ????modulesbuild ?conf ????htdocs ?include ?logs ?manual[root@localhost httpd]# cd conf[root@localhost conf]# lsextra ?httpd.conf ?magic ?mime.types ?original[root@localhost conf]# vim httpd.conf [root@localhost conf]# ln -s /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd.conf[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/httpd.conf /deflate，搜索這個關(guān)鍵詞 ???LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so ???????//此行去除注釋/headers，搜索這個關(guān)鍵詞LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so ???????//此行需要去除注釋/filter，搜索這個關(guān)鍵詞LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so ?????????//此行需要去除注釋/Listen，搜索這個關(guān)鍵詞Listen 192.168.234.172:80#Listen 80/ServerName，搜索這個關(guān)鍵詞ServerName www.kgc.com:80按大寫字母G到末行，按o轉(zhuǎn)下行插入<IfModule mod_deflate.c> ?AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript text/ipg text/png ?DeflateCompressionLevel 9 ?SetOutputFilter DEFLATE</IfModule>//修改結(jié)束后按Esc退出，輸入:wq保存退出[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl -tSyntax OK//驗證語法是否正確[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start[root@localhost conf]# netstat -ntap | grep 80tcp ??????0 ?????0 192.168.234.172:80 ??????0.0.0.0:* ???????LISTEN ?????82881/httpd ??????[root@localhost conf]# lsextra ?httpd.conf ?magic ?mime.types ?original[root@localhost conf]# cd ..[root@localhost httpd]# lsbin ???cgi-bin ?error ??icons ???lib ??man ????modulesbuild ?conf ????htdocs ?include ?logs ?manual[root@localhost httpd]# cd htdocs/[root@localhost htdocs]# lsindex.html[root@localhost htdocs]# cat index.html <html><body><h2>It works!</h2></body></html> [root@localhost htdocs]# cd /usr/local/httpd/bin/ [root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "deflate" deflate_module (shared)2、在/htdocs中添加進圖片jpg，在index.html中輸入<img src=“time.jpg”/>,客戶端通過IP訪問瀏覽器，用fiddler進行捕捉。?
[root@localhost bin]# cd /aaa/LAMP[root@localhost LAMP]# lsapr-1.6.2.tar.gz ?????????????????ha.jpgapr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz ????????????httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2awstats-7.6.tar.gz ???????????????lf.jpgcronolog-1.6.2-14.el7.x86_64.rpm ?mysql-5.6.26.tar.gzDiscuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip ??????????php-5.6.11.tar.bz2error.png[root@localhost LAMP]# cp lf.jpg /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/ ??????//把圖片復(fù)制到對應(yīng)的文件夾[root@localhost LAMP]# cd /usr/local/httpd/[root@localhost httpd]# cd htdocs/[root@localhost htdocs]# lsindex.html ?lf.jpg[root@localhost htdocs]# vim index.html <html><body><h2>It works!</h2><img src="time.jpg"/></body></html>//格式做以上更改，在當中插入圖片，按Esc退出，輸入:wq保存退出?
結(jié)論：我們只要在網(wǎng)頁中嵌入了圖片或者視頻這類格式文件時，網(wǎng)頁會通過打壓縮的方式再進行傳輸，傳到對方的客戶端之后在進行解壓縮的識別?
二、Apache網(wǎng)頁的緩存定義：將一部分經(jīng)常不會變動或變動較少的頁面緩存。下次瀏覽器訪問這些頁面時，不需要再次下載。提高了用戶的訪問速度，降低客戶端的訪問頻率。?
基于之前已經(jīng)對apache的配置文件進行了相對應(yīng)的設(shè)置，所以我們接下來只需要做如下更改：?
1、代碼如下：?
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim ??/etc/httpd.conf在末行按o轉(zhuǎn)下行插入以下內(nèi)容<IfModule mod_expires.c> ?ExpiresActive ??On ?ExpiresDefault ??"access plus 50 seconds"</IfModule>//修改完成后按Esc退出，輸入:wq保存退出[root@localhost htdocs]# pwd/usr/local/httpd/htdocs[root@localhost htdocs]# cd ?/usr/local/httpd/[root@localhost httpd]# cd ?bin/[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl ?-t ??????//檢查語法Syntax OK[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl ?stop[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl ?start2、驗證，進行抓包測試
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