正文翻譯

Four-day working week could create 500K new jobs in UK, study says
-Exclusive: thinktank says measure to mitigate unemployment during Covid-19 recession has precedents in both Europe and US

研究表明，四天工作制能在英國(guó)創(chuàng)造50萬(wàn)個(gè)新工作崗位
——獨(dú)家報(bào)道：智庫(kù)表示，在疫情經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間，緩解失業(yè)的措施在歐洲和美國(guó)都有先例

(Protesters demonstrate outside the Southbank Centre, London, against redundancies due to Covid-19.)

（抗議者在倫敦南岸中心外示威，反對(duì)因疫情導(dǎo)致的裁員。）
新聞：

A four-day week in the public sector would create up to half a million new jobs and help limit the rise in unemployment expected over the coming months, according to research by the progressive thinktank Autonomy.

根據(jù)激進(jìn)智庫(kù)Autonomy的研究，公共部門每周工作四天將創(chuàng)造至多50萬(wàn)個(gè)新工作崗位，并有助于限制未來(lái)幾個(gè)月預(yù)計(jì)將出現(xiàn)的失業(yè)率上升。

Amid concerns that the jobless total is set to rise sharply as the Treasury’s furlough scheme is wound down, the thinktank said the time was right for Rishi Sunak to pioneer a shorter working week.

人們擔(dān)心，隨著財(cái)政部的休假計(jì)劃結(jié)束，失業(yè)總數(shù)將大幅上升。在這種情況下，該智庫(kù)稱，里?！ぬK納克開創(chuàng)縮短一周工作時(shí)間的時(shí)機(jī)正好。

The Autonomy study represents the first attempt to quantify the jobs impact of a four-day week, with the thinktank saying it would be possible for public sector workers to go on to a 32-hour week with no loss of pay.

Autonomy的研究首次試圖量化四天工作制對(duì)就業(yè)的影響。該智庫(kù)表示，公共部門的員工有可能繼續(xù)工作32小時(shí)而不損失工資。

More than 5 million people work in the public sector – about one in six of those in employment – but the report noted that in places such as Doncaster, Bradford and Barnsley the proportion rose to about one in five. London, which has a higher percentage of private sector employment would benefit less, the thinktank said.

有超過500萬(wàn)人在公共部門工作，約占就業(yè)人數(shù)的六分之一，但報(bào)告指出，在唐卡斯特、布拉德福德和巴恩斯利等地，這一比例升至約五分之一。該智庫(kù)稱，私營(yíng)部門就業(yè)占比較高的倫敦受益較少。

With the government’s budget deficit on course to be more than ￡300bn, the plan is unlikely to find favour with the chancellor, despite his recognition that unemployment will increase during the winter. The Bank of England is forecasting that the jobless rate using the internationally agreed measure will rise from just under 4% to 7.5% by the end of the year.

鑒于政府的預(yù)算赤字有望超過3000億英鎊，該計(jì)劃不太可能得到財(cái)政大臣的青睞，盡管他承認(rèn)，到冬季失業(yè)率將會(huì)上升。英格蘭銀行預(yù)測(cè)，采用國(guó)際公認(rèn)的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)算，到今年年底，失業(yè)率將從不到4%上升到7.5%。

Will Stronge, Autonomy’s research director, said: “The time has come for a four-day working week and the public sector should act as the pioneer for it, both as employer and as procurer of services.

Autonomy的研究主管威爾·斯特朗格表示：“實(shí)行每周四天工作制的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)到來(lái)，而公共部門應(yīng)作為雇主和服務(wù)提供者，充當(dāng)這方面的先鋒?！?/p>

“The four-day week makes so much sense as it would boost productivity, create new jobs and make us all much happier and healthier.”

“四天工作制非常有意義，因?yàn)樗芴岣呱a(chǎn)率，創(chuàng)造新的工作崗位，讓我們所有人都更快樂、更健康?！?/p>

The report said the public sector should test out the idea as it would reduce burnout, work-related poor mental health and drastically improve work-life balance. More than two-thirds of UK workers were stressed or overworked, the thinktank said.

該報(bào)告稱，公共部門應(yīng)該測(cè)試這一想法，因?yàn)樗鼘p少倦怠、與工作相關(guān)的不良心理健康狀況，并大幅改善工作與生活的平衡。該智庫(kù)稱，有超過三分之二的英國(guó)員工壓力過大或工作量過度。

The report said the idea of a shorter working week had been tried in the past during periods of high unemployment.

該報(bào)告稱，過去在高失業(yè)率時(shí)期就曾嘗試過縮短每周工作時(shí)間的想法。

“The oft-cited example of President Roosevelt’s New Deal measures which reduced the working week to 40 hours maximum, is a case in point. Such a scheme is also not unprecedented in the UK: the first Thatcher government inherited and maintained a similar initiative during the 1979-1982 recession.

一個(gè)經(jīng)常被引用的例子就是羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的新政，新政將每周工作時(shí)間最多減少到40小時(shí)。而這樣的計(jì)劃在英國(guó)也不是史無(wú)前例的：第一屆撒切爾內(nèi)閣在1979年至1982年的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間也繼承并維持了類似的計(jì)劃。

評(píng)論翻譯

sbos_?
my company removed one of the days and spread the hours across the four days instead. So I’m not working less hours overall but I am working more in a day than before.
And there is your problem.
If it’s stressing you and other colleagues then you need to voice it as a collective. Don’t underestimate workforce power. Your voices are important.

“后來(lái)我的公司取消了其中一天，把工作時(shí)間分散到四天中。所以我的工作時(shí)間并沒有減少，但是我一天的工作時(shí)間比以前多了”
這就是你的問題。
如果這讓你和其他同事感到壓力，那么你們需要集體表達(dá)出來(lái)。不要低估勞動(dòng)力（的力量）。你們的聲音很重要。

PositiveAlcoholTaxis?
Ignore the unemployment figures. Look for opportunities and if all else fails sign on to an agency. I've had 4 permanent jobs and 2 were temp to perms, and I've been offered a couple more while doing temp work.
Then again I don't know what field you are in or what you are capable of. But if you've been in work the whole time (like we were) its probably something in demand and important.
Good luck mate

無(wú)視失業(yè)數(shù)字。尋找機(jī)會(huì)，如果一切都失敗了，那就簽約一個(gè)勞務(wù)派遣公司。我有過4份固定的工作，2份燙發(fā)的臨時(shí)工，還有幾份臨時(shí)工提供給我。
我也不知道你在哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域或者你能做什么。但如果你一直都在工作（就像我們一樣），那么可能就會(huì)需求一些重要的東西。
祝你好運(yùn)，伙計(jì)

AliveArgument?
My business is a software company and we moved to compressed hours from 5 days on 7.5 hours a day to 4 days at 9.5 hours a day. The “extra” day is on a sliding rota basis. So for example week 1 you get Monday off, week 2 you get Tuesday and so on.
We did it for a two week trial initially and the staff loved it so we’ve carried it on. It’s meant everybody has a better work life balance with a long weekend every few weeks.

我的公司是一家軟件公司，我們將工作時(shí)間從每周5天的7.5小時(shí)壓縮到每周4天的9.5小時(shí)?！邦~外”的一天基于滑動(dòng)輪班。例如，第1周你周一休息，那么第2周就是周二，以此類推。
我們最初進(jìn)行了兩周的試驗(yàn)，工作人員很喜歡，所以我們繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。這意味著每隔幾周就有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)周末，使每個(gè)人都能更好地平衡工作和生活。

dbbk?
Do you really expect people to be productive for 9.5 hours? That’s absurd.

你真的希望人們?cè)?.5個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)都能高效工作嗎？荒謬。

AliveArgument?
No I don’t of course not.

不，我不會(huì)，當(dāng)然不會(huì)。

bluesam3
So why insist on them being in the office for 9.5 hours?

那么，為什么還非要他們?cè)谵k公室里呆9.5個(gè)小時(shí)呢？

GladiusDave?
I also work for a software house, over lockdown we worked 1 week on then 1 week off due to the team splitting into two.
To mitigate this on the weeks on we were working 50 hour weeks. Every developer was fried and way less productive.
If any job was least suited to presenteeism its software development.

我還在一家軟件公司工作，在封鎖期間我們工作了一周，然后休息了一周，因?yàn)閳F(tuán)隊(duì)分成了兩部分。
為了減輕這種壓力，我們每周工作50個(gè)小時(shí)。每個(gè)開發(fā)人員都被炒了魷魚，工作效率也大大降低。
如果說(shuō)有什么工作最不適合出勤，那就是軟件開發(fā)。

arlinglee
Im not productive for 7.5 hours a day but i still get everything done in a week.

每天工作7.5個(gè)小時(shí)我效率不高，但我仍然能在一周內(nèi)完成所有工作。

reddddtring?
I do 12 hour days. 4 days on 4 days off. Would t change it for anything! It’s amazing. A work days a work day as far as I’m concerned. Leaves me a nice long break every week to actually enjoy my time off and truly switch off.

我每天工作12個(gè)小時(shí)。工作4天休息4天，不會(huì)因任何情況改變！這是驚人的。對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，工作日就是工作日。這讓我每周都有一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的休息時(shí)間來(lái)真正地享受我的休息時(shí)間，真正地“切斷電源”。

08148692?
This will work for some busineses, not for others. I work for a small startup, we can't afford to hire more people to make up the extra hours unless we paid everyone 80% of their current wage. This would make many people (including me) look elsewhere for work

4天工作制對(duì)某些企業(yè)有效，對(duì)其他企業(yè)無(wú)效。我在一家小型初創(chuàng)公司工作，除非我們付給每個(gè)人當(dāng)前工資的80%，否則我們無(wú)法雇傭更多的人來(lái)彌補(bǔ)加班時(shí)間。這將使許多人（包括我）去別處找工作

WhenYouKnowTheReason?
So I'm on salary. Is the idea here that I'd have my wage reduced to 4/5 of its current level, or would I retain my salary and just have the reduced number of hours to work? Because I can't really have my salary reduced. I've got a mortgage to pay for.

所以我靠拿工資過活。該政策的意思是我的工資降低到目前水平的4/5，還是保留我的工資，只是減少工作時(shí)間？因?yàn)槲艺娴牟荒軠p薪。我要付抵押貸款。

reddorical?
So where do the extra 500k jobs come from if all the work is still getting done?

那么，如果所有的工作都能被完成的話，那額外的50萬(wàn)份工作又是從何而來(lái)呢？

trailingComma
People with an extra day off tend to spend more money near where they live and are more likely to start a side business.
Both of these causes an increase in demand for various services, which then results in more jobs.

擁有額外一天假期的人往往會(huì)在居住地附近花更多的錢，也更有可能開展副業(yè)。
這兩種情況都會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)各種服務(wù)的需求增加，從而帶來(lái)更多的工作崗位。

DeadeyeDuncan
Public sector workers presumably not including doctors, nurses and teachers? They already have more work than they have staff - I don't see reducing hours as being a plan for success there.
I had a family member who worked for the civil service for a bit, and they said roughly 20% of their time was taken up with pointless training exercises anyway. So maybe its just talking about them?

公共部門的工作人員大概不包括醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和教師吧？他們的工作量已經(jīng)超過了員工數(shù)量——我不認(rèn)為減少工作時(shí)間是個(gè)成功的計(jì)劃。
我有一個(gè)家庭成員在政府部門工作過一段時(shí)間，他們說(shuō)他們大約20%的時(shí)間都花在了毫無(wú)意義的培訓(xùn)上。所以也許只是在談?wù)撍麄儯?/p>

anotherbozo?
It's the same fallacy as individual employees thinking the business can't run without them... so they put in extra hours even though they are at the low end of the pay scale or career level.

這和個(gè)別員工認(rèn)為公司的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)離不開自己的謬論是一樣的……所以即使他們的工資水平或職業(yè)水平較低，他們也會(huì)加班。

Seabass2001Liberal Democrat
That was my initial thought, but with an increase in minimum wage, or universal basic income to help top up wages it could work. The first obstacle with a 4 day working week is people’s perceptions. Working less equals less money in peoples mind, so an additional top up needs to be made explicit when explaining this.

這是我最初的想法，但通過提高最低工資，或全民基本收入來(lái)幫助增加工資，這可能行得通。4天工作制的第一個(gè)障礙是人們的觀念。在人們的心目中，工作越少，收入就越少，因此，在解釋這一點(diǎn)時(shí)，需要明確說(shuō)明額外的增值。

ApolloNeed?
Who is making up the 20%? Because if this leads to a 20% pay cut it’s worthless to any but the wealthiest, if employers have to pay more, they won’t do it. Not really sure how the government could realistically mandate it either.

誰(shuí)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)（第5天的）那20%呢？因?yàn)槿绻@導(dǎo)致了20%的減薪，那么除了最富有的人，這對(duì)任何人都毫無(wú)價(jià)值，如果雇主不得不支付更多，他們不會(huì)這樣做。我也不確定政府要怎么實(shí)際地強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行。

ClutchHunterLiberal Green (-5.75, -7.64)?
What 20%? You could cut my full-time hours in half and my productivity wouldn't drop.

哪來(lái)的20%？你可以把我的全職工作時(shí)間減半，但我的總工作效率不會(huì)下降。

Argorash
It all sounds great until you remember a 4 day week is a 20% pay cut.

這聽起來(lái)很不錯(cuò)，直到你發(fā)現(xiàn)一周工作4天就等于減薪20%。

Rammrool?
That sounds like socialism to me

在我聽來(lái)，這像是社會(huì)主義

davsheep?
Could, but won't.

能做到，但不會(huì)實(shí)施。

wasnt_sure20?
I fully support this because I think work/life balance is a huge contributing factor to the mental health crisis we have been experiencing. However, I must ask if this were to go-ahead how would people deal with the loss of income?

我完全支持這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為工作/生活的平衡是造成我們經(jīng)歷的心理健康危機(jī)的一個(gè)巨大因素。然而，我必須要問的是，如果這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃得以實(shí)施，人們將怎么應(yīng)對(duì)收入的減少呢？