今天就是給各位介紹一下牛頓第二運(yùn)動(dòng)定律鴨～

但在此之前，我需要給各位說(shuō)說(shuō)：Mass&Weight（質(zhì)量和重量）

This intuitive notion of the mass of an object is not very precise because the concept “quantity of matter” is not very well defined. More precisely, we can say that?mass?is a?measure of the inertia?of an object. The more mass an object has, the greater the force needed to give it a particular acceleration. It is harder to start it moving from rest, or to stop it when it is moving, or to change its velocity sideways out of a straight-line path.

給各位舉個(gè)??：A truck has much more inertia than a baseball moving at the same speed, and a much greater force is needed to change the truck’s velocity at the same rate as the ball’s. The truck therefore has much more mass.

Mass is a property of an object itself (a measure of an object’s inertia, or its “quantity of matter”). Weight, on the other hand, is a force, the pull of gravity acting on an object.

再舉個(gè)??哈：

Suppose we take an object to the Moon. The object will weigh only about one-sixth（六分之一）as much as it did on Earth, since the force of gravity is weaker. But its mass will be the same. It will have the same amount of matter as on Earth, and will have just as much inertia—in the absence of friction, it will be just as hard to start it moving on the Moon as on Earth, or to stop it once it is moving.

都到這里了，是時(shí)候請(qǐng)出今天的主角了：牛頓第二運(yùn)動(dòng)定律?。?！

The greater the mass, the less the acceleration for the same net force. The mathematical relation, as Newton argued, is that the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass. These relationships are found to hold in general and can be summarized as follows:

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it, and is inversely proportional to the object’s mass. The direction of the acceleration is in the direction of the net force acting on the object.

「是不是突然有一股懵直沖天靈蓋？我也是（笑）」

那我們先翻譯成人話：物體加速度的大小跟作用力成正比，跟物體的質(zhì)量成反比，且與物體質(zhì)量的倒數(shù)成正比；加速度的方向跟作用力的方向相同。

我的個(gè)人理解（有誤請(qǐng)諒解）：拉一個(gè)東西用的力越大，移動(dòng)的加速度更快（成正比）；物體越重則移動(dòng)它所需的力就越大（成正比）；我把物體往左拉它就會(huì)向左加速。

Newton’s second law can be written as an equation:

where a?stands for acceleration,?m?for the mass, and?F?for the?net force?on the object. The symbol ?∑（Greek “sigma”) stands for “sum of”;?F?stands for force, so?∑F?means the?vector sum of all forces?acting on the object, which we define as the?net force.

We rearrange this equation to obtain the familiar statement of Newton’s second law:

Newton’s second law relates the description of motion to the cause of motion, force. It is one of the most fundamental relationships in physics. From Newton’s second law we can make a more precise definition of?force?as?an action capable?of accelerating an object.

Every force?F?is a vector, with magnitude and direction. Equation 4–1 is a vector equation valid in any inertial reference frame. It can be written in component form in rectangular coordinates as：

Unit：N （Newton）

換算關(guān)系：1N?=?1kg??·m/s??^2

今天的分享差不多就到這里了～謝謝閱讀～

喜歡請(qǐng)三連加關(guān)注，這是對(duì)我最大的支持～