七七 | 定語(yǔ)從句——非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

1??非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

限制性定語(yǔ)從句：必要信息

• 先行詞不明確――需用定語(yǔ)從句限制修飾，讓所指更具體
• He is a person who is really warm-hearted.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：補(bǔ)充信息

• 先行詞明確――可以用非限制定從補(bǔ)充額外信息，但刪除也不影響具體句意理解

The University of Oxford, which is the cornerstone for higher education，is the dream school for many students.

2??相同點(diǎn)

1. 部分的關(guān)系詞使用情況是相同的

who：

• The woman who lives next door is a journalist.
• My sister Mary，who lives in Nanjing，is a journalist.

which：

• Tom works for a company which makes computer.
• Tom told me about his new job，which he is not enjoying very much.

2. 介詞+which / whom

• l's the task for which he was responsible at work.
• Sue, with whom my mother worked, has become a teacher.

3??不同點(diǎn)

1. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不能用why和that
2. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句有逗號(hào)
3. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句who / which / that做從句賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞無(wú)論做什么都不可省略
4. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞指代先行詞；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞可指代先行詞，也可指代整個(gè)主句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以用as指代整個(gè)主句。as可放句首，句中，句尾，表“正如，正像”的意思；which不可句首，也沒(méi)有“正如，正像”的意思。

• She was very sad，as / which was seen from her face.
• As everybody knows，Shakespeare is a famous writer.

5. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句更多在寫(xiě)作和口語(yǔ)中，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句更多在寫(xiě)作中。