正文翻譯

The Soviet unx Defeated Germany in World War II - Not the Western Forces

蘇聯(lián)在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中擊敗了德國(guó)，而不是西方軍隊(duì)

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President Donald Trump claimed last week that the US and Britain had won World War II. This was a shameless lie and distortion of the facts.

唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)上周宣稱美國(guó)和英國(guó)贏得了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，這是無(wú)恥的謊言，是歪曲事實(shí)。

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Many Americans and Canadians like to believe their nations won the war in Europe and give insufficient recognition to the decisive Soviet role. Most Europeans would rather not think about the matter. By contrast, Russians know that it was their soldiers who really won the war. They remain angry that their military achievements are ignored by American triumphalists and myth-makers.

許多美國(guó)人和加拿大人喜歡相信他們的國(guó)家贏得了歐洲戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，而對(duì)蘇聯(lián)的決定性作用沒(méi)有給予足夠的認(rèn)可，大多數(shù)歐洲人寧愿不去考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題。?
相比之下，俄羅斯人知道真正贏得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的是他們的士兵，他們對(duì)于自己的軍事成就被美國(guó)夸耀主義者和謠言制造者所忽視感到憤怒。

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Let’s do the numbers. The Soviet armed forces destroyed 507 German divisions and 100 allied Axis divisions (according to Soviet figures). These latter included the pan-European Waffen SS whose largest numbers came from Belgium, Holland, Scandinavia, Italy, Romania, Hungary, Finland and a division from Spain.

讓我們來(lái)算算數(shù)，蘇聯(lián)武裝部隊(duì)摧毀了507個(gè)德國(guó)師和100個(gè)同盟軸心國(guó)師 ( 根據(jù)蘇聯(lián)的數(shù)字 )，后者包括泛歐武裝黨衛(wèi)軍，其最大數(shù)量來(lái)自比利時(shí)、荷蘭、斯堪的納維亞、意大利、羅馬尼亞、匈牙利、芬蘭和西班牙的一個(gè)師。

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Soviet military historians claim their forces destroyed 77,000 enemy planes, 48,000 enemy tanks and armored vehicles. The Red Army accounted for 75-80% of Axis casualties in World War II.
In the process, 1,710 Russian cities, 70,000 towns and villages, 31,850 factories and 1,974 collective farms were destroyed. Add 84,000 schools, 43,000 libraries and 65,000 km of railway.

蘇聯(lián)軍事歷史學(xué)家證實(shí)他們的軍隊(duì)摧毀了77000架敵機(jī)，48000輛敵人的坦克和裝甲車(chē)，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，紅軍占軸心國(guó)傷亡人數(shù)的75-80% ，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，1710個(gè)俄羅斯城市，70000個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)和村莊，31850個(gè)工廠和1974個(gè)集體農(nóng)莊，以及84000所學(xué)校，43000所圖書(shū)館和65000公里鐵路被摧毀。

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Today, seven decades later, we are barraged with films and reports about Germany’s concentration camps while Stalin’s far more extensive and lethal gulag is ignored. Roosevelt spoke warmly of Stalin as “Uncle Joe.” Churchill kept silent.

70年后的今天，我們看到了關(guān)于德國(guó)集中營(yíng)的電影和報(bào)道，而斯大林更為廣泛和致命的古拉格集中營(yíng)卻被忽略了，羅斯福熱情地稱斯大林為“喬大叔”， 丘吉爾保持沉默。

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When American, British and Canadian troops landed at Normandy in June, 1944, they met Germany forces that had been shattered on the Eastern Front and bled white. Under strength German units had almost no gasoline and were low on ammunition, tanks and artillery.

1944年6月，當(dāng)美軍、英軍和加軍在諾曼底登陸時(shí)，遇到的是在東線被打得血流成河、支離破碎的德軍，兵力不足的德軍部隊(duì)幾乎沒(méi)有汽油，彈藥、坦克和火炮都很匱乏。

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Equally important, the Allies had absolute air superiority over the Western European battlefields. Under strength German units could only move at night – when they could find fuel. By 1944, both Germany and Japan were crippled by a calamitous lack of fuel. Planes could not fly, tanks and trucks could not move, and warships were forced to stay in port.

同樣重要的是，盟軍在西歐戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上擁有絕對(duì)的空中優(yōu)勢(shì)，在兵力不足的情況下，德國(guó)部隊(duì)只能在夜間行動(dòng)——當(dāng)他們能找到燃料的時(shí)候。
到了1944年，德國(guó)和日本都因?yàn)闉?zāi)難性的燃料短缺而陷入癱瘓，飛機(jī)無(wú)法飛行, 坦克和卡車(chē)無(wú)法移動(dòng)，軍艦被迫停留在港口。

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The reason Germany had no air cover at Normandy was because most of the once potent Luftwaffe had been destroyed on the Eastern Front, its best pilots killed, and aviation fuel scarce. Germany’s advanced ME262 jet fighter that should have swept the skies was grounded because of fuel shortages.

德國(guó)之所以在諾曼底沒(méi)有空中掩護(hù)，是因?yàn)榇蟛糠衷?jīng)強(qiáng)大的德國(guó)空軍已經(jīng)在東線被摧毀，最好的飛行員陣亡，航空燃料匱乏，德國(guó)的先進(jìn)的 ME262噴氣式戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)本應(yīng)橫掃天際，但由于燃料短缺而停飛。

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Had Germany’s Wehrmacht and Luftwaffe not been largely destroyed in Russia, the Normandy D-Day invasion would likely have been pushed into the Channel.

如果德國(guó)的國(guó)防軍和德國(guó)空軍沒(méi)有在俄羅斯被大規(guī)模殲滅，諾曼底登陸很可能會(huì)被反推到英吉利海峽，英國(guó)可能在1944年6月之前就被入侵了。

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Britain may have been invaded well before June, 1944. Hitler’s foolish notion that Germany and the British Empire should be allies saved the beaten British Army in France in 1940, allowing it to escape across the Channel while leaving its French allies in the lurch.

1940年，希特勒愚蠢地認(rèn)為德國(guó)和大英帝國(guó)應(yīng)該成為同盟，這拯救了在法國(guó)被打敗的英國(guó)軍隊(duì)，使其得以越過(guò)英吉利海峽，同時(shí)讓它的法國(guó)盟友陷入困境。

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By the time the Allies established themselves in France, they outnumbered degraded German forces by 2:1. At least 67,000 German soldiers died in the Normandy operation. In a heartbreaking but little-known statistic of war, 6.7 million German horses were killed on both fronts.

當(dāng)同盟國(guó)在法國(guó)建立自己的勢(shì)力時(shí)，他們的人數(shù)已經(jīng)以2 : 1的比例落后于德國(guó)軍隊(duì)，至少有67000名德國(guó)士兵在諾曼底登陸行動(dòng)中喪生，一個(gè)令人心碎但鮮為人知的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，670萬(wàn)德國(guó)馬匹在這兩條戰(zhàn)線上被殺。

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By April, 1944, Germany still maintained 214 divisions on the Eastern Front facing the advancing Soviet and just 60 divisions (mostly under strength, many only brigades in reality) on the Western Front.

到1944年4月，德國(guó)在東線上仍然保持著214個(gè)師，以對(duì)抗前進(jìn)中的蘇聯(lián)，在西線上僅有60個(gè)師 ( 大部分兵力不足，許多師實(shí)際上只是旅 ) 。

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At that time, both Roosevelt and Churchill lavished praise and thanks on the Soviet unx, admitting its “gigantic effort” in defeating Hitler’s Germany. Today, however, we have chosen to forget who really won the war in Europe.

當(dāng)時(shí)，羅斯福和丘吉爾都對(duì)蘇聯(lián)大加贊賞和感謝，承認(rèn)蘇聯(lián)為擊敗希特勒的德國(guó)付出了“巨大的努力”。 然而，今天，我們選擇忘記誰(shuí)真正贏得了歐洲的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

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On 9 Aug, 1945, the Soviets unleashed one of the war’s largest campaigns. Some 1.57 million Red Army troops in 89 divisions, backed by 27,000 guns, 5,500 tanks, and 3721 warplanes stormed south in a giant, 2,500-km long arc from Outer Mongolia to Korea. Soviet tank armies raced across desert, mountain ranges and forests in a giant pincer movement that enveloped Japan’s Manchurian-based 600,000-man, 25 division Kwantung Army.

1945年8月9日，蘇聯(lián)發(fā)動(dòng)了這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中規(guī)模最大的戰(zhàn)役之一，在27000門(mén)大炮、5500輛坦克和3721架戰(zhàn)機(jī)的支援下，89個(gè)師、157萬(wàn)紅軍從外蒙古向南突襲，形成了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)達(dá)2500公里的巨大弧形包圍圈，蘇聯(lián)坦克部隊(duì)以巨大的鉗形攻勢(shì)迅速穿越沙漠、山脈和森林，包圍了駐扎在東北的60萬(wàn)人、25個(gè)師的關(guān)東軍。

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In only eleven days of blitzkrieg, the once-feared Kwantung Army – Japan’s largest – was crushed. Soviet forces reached Port Arthur in northern China, much of Manchuria and right up to Korea’s 38th parallel. Five years later, a proxy war between the US and Soviet unx would begin over divided Korea.

在僅僅十一天的閃電戰(zhàn)中，曾經(jīng)令人畏懼的日本最大的關(guān)東軍被擊潰，蘇聯(lián)軍隊(duì)到達(dá)了中國(guó)北方的旅順港，滿洲的大部分地區(qū)，直到朝鮮半島的三八線，5年后，美蘇之間就朝鮮半島分裂展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)代理人戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

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The shattering of the Kwantung army is believed by some historians to have contributed to Japan’s surrender. Other historians suggest that America’s use of two nuclear weapons against Japan was a hasty effort to make it surrender before the Red Army landed in Japan.

一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為，粉碎關(guān)東軍是日本投降的原因之一，其他歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為，美國(guó)之所以對(duì)日本使用兩枚核武器是為了讓日本在紅軍登陸日本之前投降。

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While making it plain that the western democracies have no kudos for Soviet leader Stalin, and disapprove of Vladimir Putin’s machination in Ukraine and Crimea, it should still have been possible to acknowledge the mighty Soviet contribution to our victory in World War II. At the very least, Russia’s valiant soldiers deserve a sharp salute from us. They defeated Nazi Germany and saved many of our men from death.

盡管西方民主國(guó)家明確表示，對(duì)蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人斯大林沒(méi)有好感，也不贊成弗拉基米爾 · 普京在烏克蘭和克里米亞的陰謀，但我們還是必須承認(rèn)蘇聯(lián)對(duì)我們?cè)诘诙问澜绱髴?zhàn)中的勝利所做的巨大貢獻(xiàn)，至少，我們應(yīng)該向英勇的俄羅斯士兵致以敬意，他們擊敗了納粹德國(guó)，拯救了我們?cè)S多人的性命。

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評(píng)論翻譯

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Dutch Boy
Seeing as Germany posed no threat to either Britain or the USA, their participation at all was ill-advised, at least. I recall James Burnham’s satirical descxtion of America’s WWII crusade: “A war against totalitarianism in alliance with the principal totalitarian power.”

鑒于德國(guó)對(duì)英國(guó)或美國(guó)都不構(gòu)成威脅，他們的參與至少是不明智的。
我還記得詹姆斯伯納姆對(duì)美國(guó)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的諷刺描述：“與主要極權(quán)主義國(guó)家聯(lián)合進(jìn)行的一場(chǎng)反對(duì)極權(quán)主義的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)?！?/p>

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Ahem says:
Yes, Trump’s claim was based on his near complete ignorance of what happened in WWII. However, a quote from Nikita Khrushchev’s memoirs should also be taken into account by Mr. Margolis:
“I would like to express my candid opinion about Stalin’s views on whether the Red Army and the Soviet unx could have coped with Nazi Germany and survived the war without aid from the United States and Britain. First, I would like to tell about some remarks Stalin made and repeated several times when we were “discussing freely” among ourselves. He stated bluntly that if the United States had not helped us, we would not have won the war. If we had had to fight Nazi Germany one on one, we could not have stood up against Germany’s pressure, and we would have lost the war. No one ever discussed this subject officially, and I don’t think Stalin left any written evidence of his opinion, but I will state here that several times in conversations with me he noted that these were the actual circumstances. He never made a special point of holding a conversation on the subject, but when we were engaged in some kind of relaxed conversation, going over international questions of the past and present, and when we would return to the subject of the path we had traveled during the war, that is what he said. When I listened to his remarks, I was fully in agreement with him, and today I am even more so.”
The number of Lend Lease transport vehicles alone, about 11,000, capable of handling the Soviet unx’s terrible road system were of great significance in that without them Soviet ground forces would be incapable of engaging anything resembling a war of maneuver.

特朗普的說(shuō)法是基于他對(duì)二戰(zhàn)中發(fā)生的事情幾乎一無(wú)所知，然而，作者也應(yīng)該考慮到尼基塔·赫魯曉夫回憶錄中的這段話：
“ 對(duì)于斯大林關(guān)于紅軍和蘇聯(lián)是否能夠在沒(méi)有美國(guó)和英國(guó)援助的情況下應(yīng)對(duì)納粹德國(guó)并在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中幸存下來(lái)的觀點(diǎn)，我想表達(dá)我的坦率意見(jiàn)。?
首先，我想談?wù)勊勾罅衷谖覀儭白杂捎懻摗钡臅r(shí)候說(shuō)過(guò)和重復(fù)過(guò)幾次的話，他坦率地說(shuō)，如果美國(guó)不幫助我們，我們就不會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，如果我們被迫與納粹德國(guó)進(jìn)行一對(duì)一的戰(zhàn)斗，我們不可能頂住德國(guó)的壓力，我們就會(huì)輸?shù)暨@場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
從來(lái)沒(méi)有人正式地討論過(guò)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我也沒(méi)有斯大林留下了任何書(shū)面證據(jù)來(lái)證明他的觀點(diǎn)，但是我要在此聲明，在與我的幾次談話中，他注意到這些都是實(shí)際情況，他從來(lái)沒(méi)有特意談?wù)撨^(guò)這個(gè)話題，但是當(dāng)我們進(jìn)行一些輕松的談話，回顧過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的國(guó)際問(wèn)題，當(dāng)我們回到我們?cè)趹?zhàn)爭(zhēng)中走過(guò)的路這個(gè)話題時(shí)，他是這么說(shuō)的，我聽(tīng)到他的講話時(shí)，我完全同意他的意見(jiàn)，今天更是如此?！?br/>單是租借法案運(yùn)輸工具的數(shù)量——大約11,000輛——就足以應(yīng)付蘇聯(lián)可怕的道路系統(tǒng)，其意義重大，因?yàn)闆](méi)有這些工具，蘇聯(lián)地面部隊(duì)就無(wú)法進(jìn)行任何類似于機(jī)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

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Orville H. Larson
“When American, British and Canadian troops landed at Normandy in June, 1944, they met Germany forces that had been shattered on the Eastern Front and bled white. Under strength German units had almost no gasoline and were low on ammunition, tanks and artillery.”
And despite this, it took the Allied armies ten weeks to break out of Normandy. Why?
The excellence of the German Army, that’s why. British historian Max Hastings, in his study “Overlord: D-Day, June 6, 1944,” quotes the findings of Colonel Trevor N. Dupuy, USA:
“On a man for man basis, the German ground soldier consistently inflicted casualties at about a 50% higher rate than they incurred from the opposing British and American troops UNDER ALL CIRCUMSTANCES. This was true when they were attacking and when they were defending, when they had a local numerical superiority and when, as was usually the case, they were outnumbered, when they had air superiority and when they did not, when they won and when they lost.”

“1944年6月，當(dāng)美軍、英軍和加軍在諾曼底登陸時(shí)，遇到的是在東線被打得血流成河、支離破碎的德軍，兵力不足的德軍部隊(duì)幾乎沒(méi)有汽油，彈藥、坦克和火炮都很匱乏?！?br/>—— 盡管如此，盟軍還是花了十個(gè)星期才突破諾曼底，為什么？德國(guó)軍隊(duì)的優(yōu)秀，這就是為什么。?
英國(guó)歷史學(xué)家馬克斯 · 黑斯廷斯在他的研究《 霸主: 諾曼底登陸日，1944年6月6日》中引用了美國(guó)特雷弗 · N· 杜普上校的發(fā)現(xiàn)：
“ 在一對(duì)一的基礎(chǔ)上，德國(guó)地面部隊(duì)在任何情況下造成的傷亡都比敵對(duì)的英美部隊(duì)高出50% ——無(wú)論他們是進(jìn)攻還是防守，是數(shù)量上占優(yōu)還是數(shù)量上劣勢(shì)，有空中優(yōu)勢(shì)還是沒(méi)有空中優(yōu)勢(shì)，是贏還是輸。”

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Wielgus?
A German soldier in a documentary I watched actually described trying to deal with frozen fuel in a tank by chipping at it with a bayonet, perhaps 20 miles from Moscow.
If you want to see it as denigrating the Red Army to point out that the Germans could not keep their tanks running in winter, feel free. The winter hurt both sides, sure. However the Soviets seem to have acted like winter existed, while the Germans thought the colossus in the east would be finished before the first snowfall.
War is to a large extent about logistics, and so deep in the USSR the Germans could no longer supply their troops, while Soviet supply lines were greatly shortened, although letting the Germans so deep into the country was the result of defeats rather than a master plan.

我看過(guò)一部紀(jì)錄片，有一個(gè)德國(guó)士兵描述了這樣的情景：在離莫斯科20英里的地方，他試圖用刺刀切割坦克上冰凍的燃料。
如果你想把它看成是在詆毀紅軍，來(lái)指出德國(guó)人無(wú)法在冬天保持他們的坦克運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，請(qǐng)自便，冬天對(duì)雙方都造成了傷害，這一點(diǎn)是肯定的，然而，蘇聯(lián)似乎表現(xiàn)得好像為冬季而生，而德國(guó)人卻認(rèn)為東方的巨無(wú)霸會(huì)在第一場(chǎng)雪之前就會(huì)被消滅。
戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在很大程度上講究的是后勤保障，如此深入蘇聯(lián)，德國(guó)人無(wú)法再為他們的部隊(duì)提供補(bǔ)給，而蘇聯(lián)的補(bǔ)給線大大縮短，德國(guó)人如此深入蘇聯(lián)是失敗的結(jié)果，而不是一個(gè)總體計(jì)劃。

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LondonBob
There were some top level German units deployed in Normandy like the SS Panzer divisions, Das Reich was transferred from the East. Supreme Commander West was one of the great commands to hold, by the end of the Battle of Normandy Army Group B had been annihilated, Twenty seven infantry divisions destroyed and seven panzer divisions reduced to shells, half million dead or captured.
The RAF broke the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain and the Royal Navy was never seriously challenged by the Kriegsmarine. The Italians had been reduced as a fighting force in 40-41 by General Richard O’Connor’s campaigns in North Africa, in Operation Compass British and Australian forces advanced over 800 miles (1,300 km), destroyed an entire Italian army of ten divisions, taken over 130,000 prisoners, 400 tanks and 1,292 guns at the cost of 500 killed and 1,373 wounded, forcing Germany to send the Africa Korps.
US and British Empire forces continued to occupy large numbers of German forces in North Africa and Italy throughout the rest of the war.
Not to forget the importance of Western supplies to the Red Army.

德國(guó)在諾曼底部署了一些頂尖部隊(duì)，比如黨衛(wèi)軍裝甲師，“帝國(guó)師”（Das Reich），是從東線調(diào)來(lái)的，最高指揮官韋斯特是最重要的指揮官之一，諾曼底戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束時(shí)B集團(tuán)軍被殲滅，27個(gè)步兵師被摧毀，7個(gè)裝甲師被殲，50萬(wàn)人死亡或被俘。
英國(guó)皇家空軍在不列顛戰(zhàn)役中擊潰了德國(guó)空軍，皇家海軍也從未受到納粹海軍的嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)，40-41年，意大利人的戰(zhàn)斗力已經(jīng)被理查德-奧康納將軍在北非的戰(zhàn)役所削弱，在 "指南針行動(dòng) "中，英軍和澳軍推進(jìn)了800多英里（1300公里），殲滅了意大利10個(gè)師的全部軍隊(duì)，俘虜了13萬(wàn)多人，俘虜了400輛坦克和1292門(mén)火炮，代價(jià)是500人死，1373人傷，迫使德國(guó)派出非洲軍團(tuán)。
美國(guó)和大英帝國(guó)軍隊(duì)在整個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的余下時(shí)間里，繼續(xù)在北非和意大利牽制了大量的德軍。
另外，不要忘了西方物資對(duì)紅軍的重要性。

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Big Daddy?
Having read Mr. Margolis’ accurate comments over the years I must at least partially disagree here.Great Britain and America gave Stalin slightly over 1/3 of all wheeled vehicles in the Soviet Army.
I was privileged to have a neighbor who was a Hungarian survivor of a Soviet prison camp and escapee from Hungary in 1956.. He said EVERYTHING in the camp in WWII was American made or food from America. Britain gave the Soviets 15,000,000 pairs of boots alone!
Stalin, Kruschev, Beria and other Soviets stated that they would have lost without Western aid.
What is disturbing is FDR’s and Churchill’s bizarre policies. If Poland were solved Hitler was going to retire. Read Goebbels diary. And why was the USA and Britain siding and aiding Stalin anyway?
A sinister outlook was that Churchill was bought and sold by Rothchild interests after bailing him out from ruin in 1938. FDR’s family changed its name from Rosenberg in the 1850’s. On his mother’s side it was Delano, also Jewish. 34 of FDR’s top 40 advisors were Jews, a 6 billion to one shot in America at that time.
When Churchill thought the war ending thrust was to go up the Balkans and keep Stalin somewhat at bay, Stalin and FDR laughed at him and he scurried away.
Just a quick mention of the massive air power diversion Hitler had to use defending Germany from Allied bombing.

我讀馬戈利斯先生（作者）已有多年，作者的大部分評(píng)論都是準(zhǔn)確的，但就這篇文章，我不得不表示至少部分地不同意。
英國(guó)和美國(guó)輸送了斯大林蘇聯(lián)軍隊(duì)中1/3以上的輪式車(chē)輛。
我有一個(gè)鄰居，他是1956年蘇聯(lián)戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)的匈牙利幸存者，也是匈牙利的逃亡者，他說(shuō)二戰(zhàn)時(shí)集中營(yíng)里的所有東西都是美國(guó)制造的，甚至食品都是美國(guó)的，光是英國(guó)就給了蘇聯(lián)15,000,000雙靴子??！
斯大林，赫魯曉夫，貝利亞和其他蘇聯(lián)人都說(shuō)，如果沒(méi)有西方的援助，他們就會(huì)輸。
令人不安的是羅斯福和丘吉爾的離奇政策， 如果波蘭問(wèn)題得到解決，希特勒就會(huì)退位（參見(jiàn)戈培爾日記），那美國(guó)和英國(guó)為什么要支持和援助斯大林呢？
一個(gè)險(xiǎn)惡的前景是，丘吉爾被羅斯柴爾德（Rothchild）利益集團(tuán)收買(mǎi)了（1938年羅斯柴爾德把他從崩潰中拯救出來(lái)），羅斯福的家族在19世紀(jì)50年代把名字從羅森博格（Rosenberg）改為羅斯福（Roosevelt），他母親那一邊是Delano，也是猶太人，羅斯福的前40名顧問(wèn)中，有34名是猶太人，這在當(dāng)時(shí)的美國(guó)是60億對(duì)1的比例。
當(dāng)丘吉爾認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的最終目的是向巴爾干半島進(jìn)發(fā)，在一定程度上牽制斯大林時(shí)，斯大林和羅斯福嘲笑了他，他匆匆離開(kāi)了。
另外，簡(jiǎn)單提一下，希特勒為了保衛(wèi)德國(guó)免受盟軍轟炸而不得不進(jìn)行的大規(guī)?？哲娹D(zhuǎn)移。

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peter mcloughlin?
If we are to avoid a third world war it is essential we are truthful about history, as Eric Margolis argues. It is important to remember that what followed World War II, the Cold War, was a time of peace (or relative peace). Since 1991 we have been moving toward a state of total war. The period 1945-1991 is near its end and just like the 19th century Concert of Europe finally collapsed in 1914, and Treaty of Versailles in 1939, we are on the precipice of yet another global catastrophe.

如果我們要避免第三次世界大戰(zhàn)，就必須如埃里克·馬戈利斯（作者）所說(shuō)的那樣，誠(chéng)實(shí)地講述歷史。
重要的是要記住，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后的冷戰(zhàn)是一個(gè)和平（或相對(duì)和平）的時(shí)期。
1991年以來(lái)，我們一直在走向全面戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的狀態(tài)，1945年至1991年這一時(shí)期已經(jīng)接近尾聲，就像1914年歐洲19世紀(jì)的歐洲協(xié)調(diào)終于在1914年崩潰，以及1939年的凡爾賽條約一樣，我們正處于又一次全球?yàn)?zāi)難的邊緣。

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